\\psf\Home\Desktop\Cc-1975\Adi 16 -- 1975.TXT
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Adi 16-1975: The Pastimes of the Lord in His Childhood and Youth
Chapter 16
The Pastimes of the Lord in His Childhood and Youth
This chapter fully describes Lord Caitanya's kaisora-lila, or the
activities He performed just before attaining youth. During this time He
studied deeply and was victorious over greatly learned scholars. During
His kaisora-lila the Lord also sported in the water. He went to East
Bengal to secure financial assistance, cultivate knowledge and introduce
the sankirtana movement, and there He met Tapana Misra, whom He
instructed about spiritual advancement and ordered to go to Varanasi.
While Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu was touring East Bengal, His wife,
Laksmidevi, was bitten by a serpent or by the serpent of separation, and
thus she left this world. When the Lord returned home, He saw that His
mother was overwhelmed with grief because of Laksmidevi's death.
Therefore at her request He later married His second wife, Visnupriya-
devi. This chapter also describes the Lord's argument with Kesava
Kasmiri, the celebrated scholar, and the Lord's criticism of his prayer
glorifying mother Ganges. In this prayer the Lord found five kinds of
literary ornaments and five kinds of literary faults, thus defeating the
pandita. Later the Kasmiri Pandita, who was known to have been
victorious all over the country, submitted himself to the goddess of
learning, and by her order he met Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu on the
morning of the next day and surrendered unto Him.
Adi 16.1
TEXT 1
TEXT
krpa-sudha-sarid yasya visvam aplavayanty api
nicagaiva sada bhati tam caitanya-prabhum bhaje
SYNONYMS
krpa-sudha -- of the nectar of the mercy; sarit -- river; yasya -- whose;
visvam -- the whole universe; aplavayanti -- inundating; api --
although; nicaga eva -- more inclined to the poor and fallen; sada --
always; bhati -- is manifest; tam -- Him; caitanya-prabhum -- Lord
Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu; bhaje -- I worship.
TRANSLATION
I worship Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, whose nectarean mercy flows like
a great river, inundating the entire universe. Just as a river flows
downstream, Lord Caitanya especially extends Himself to the fallen.
PURPORT
Narottama dasa Thakura has sung, sri-krsna-caitanya prabhu daya kara
more. He prays for Lord Caitanya's mercy because He is the mercy
incarnation, having appeared especially to claim the fallen souls. The
more fallen one is, the greater one's claim to the favor of Lord Sri
Caitanya Mahaprabhu. One must only be very sincere and serious. Despite
being contaminated by all the bad qualities of this Kali-yuga, if one
surrenders unto the lotus feet of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the Lord will
surely and certainly deliver him. The best example is Jagai and Madhai.
In this age of Kali practically everyone is like Jagai and Madhai, but
the sankirtana movement inaugurated by Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu is still
flowing like a great river, inundating the entire world, and thus the
International Society for Krishna Consciousness is successfully claiming
all fallen souls to free them from contamination.
Adi 16.2
TEXT 2
TEXT
jaya jaya sri-caitanya jaya nityananda
jayadvaitacandra jaya gaura-bhakta-vrnda
SYNONYMS
jaya jaya sri-caitanya -- all glories to Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu;
jaya -- all glories; nityananda -- to Lord Nityananda Prabhu; jaya
advaitacandra -- all glories to Advaitacandra; jaya -- all glories;
gaura-bhakta-vrnda -- to all the devotees of the Lord.
TRANSLATION
All glories to Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu! All glories to Lord
Nityananda! All glories to Advaitacandra! And all glories to all the
devotees of the Lord!
Adi 16.3
TEXT 3
TEXT
jiyat kaisora-caitanyo murtimatya grhasramat
laksmyarcito 'tha vagdevya disam jayi-jaya-cchalat
SYNONYMS
jiyat -- long live; kaisora -- situated in the kaisora age; caitanyah --
Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; murtimatya -- having accepted such a
body; grha-asramat -- from a householder's life; laksmya -- by Laksmi;
arcitah -- being worshiped; atha -- then; vac-devya -- by the goddess of
learning; disam -- of all directions; jayi -- the conqueror; jaya-chalat
-- on the plea of conquering.
TRANSLATION
Long live Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu in His kaisora age! Both the goddess
of fortune and the goddess of learning worship Him. The goddess of
learning, Sarasvati, worshiped Him in His victory over the scholar who
had conquered all the world, and the goddess of fortune, Laksmidevi,
worshiped Him at home. Since He is therefore the husband or Lord of both
goddesses, I offer my obeisances unto Him.
Adi 16.4
TEXT 4
TEXT
ei ta' kaisora-lilara sutra-anubandha
sisya-gana padaite karila arambha
SYNONYMS
ei ta' -- thus; kaisora -- the age of kaisora (the age between the
eleventh and fifteenth years); lilara -- of the pastimes; sutra-
anubandha -- chronological synopsis; sisya-gana -- students; padaite --
to teach; karila -- did; arambha -- begin.
TRANSLATION
At the age of eleven Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu began to teach students.
This marks the beginning of His kaisora age.
Adi 16.5
TEXT 5
TEXT
sata sata sisya sange sada adhyapana
vyakhya suni sarva-lokera camakita mana
SYNONYMS
sata sata -- very many; sisya -- disciples; sange -- along with Him;
sada -- always; adhyapana -- studying; vyakhya -- explanation; suni --
hearing; sarva-lokera -- of all people; camakita -- astonished; mana --
minds.
TRANSLATION
As soon as the Lord became a teacher, many, many students came to Him,
every one of them astonished to hear His mode of explanation.
Adi 16.6
TEXT 6
TEXT
sarva-sastre sarva pandita paya parajaya
vinaya-bhangite karo duhkha nahi haya
SYNONYMS
sarva-sastre -- in all scriptures; sarva -- all; pandita -- learned
scholars; paya -- obtain; parajaya -- defeat; vinaya -- gentle; bhangite
-- by behavior; karo -- anyone's; duhkha -- unhappiness; nahi -- does
not; haya -- become.
TRANSLATION
The Lord defeated all kinds of scholars in discourses about all the
scriptures, yet because of His gentle behavior, none of them were
unhappy.
Adi 16.7
TEXT 7
TEXT
vividha auddhatya kare sisya-gana-sange
jahnavite jala-keli kare nana range
SYNONYMS
vividha -- various; auddhatya -- impudences; kare -- does; sisya-gana --
His disciples; sange -- with; jahnavite -- in the water of the Ganges;
jala-keli -- sporting in the water; kare -- does; nana -- in various;
range -- jokes.
TRANSLATION
The Lord, as a teacher, performed various kinds of pranks in His
sporting pastimes in the water of the Ganges.
Adi 16.8
TEXT 8
TEXT
kata dine kaila prabhu bangete gamana
yahan yaya, tahan laoyaya nama-sankirtana
SYNONYMS
kata dine -- after a few days; kaila -- did; prabhu -- the Lord; bangete
-- in East Bengal; gamana -- touring; yahan yaya -- wherever He goes;
tahan -- there; laoyaya -- induces; nama-sankirtana -- the sankirtana
movement.
TRANSLATION
After some days the Lord went to East Bengal, and wherever He went He
introduced the sankirtana movement.
PURPORT
Although Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu and His devotees in disciplic
succession can defeat all kinds of learned scholars, scientists and
philosophers in arguments, thus establishing the supremacy of the
Personality of Godhead, their main business as preachers is to introduce
sankirtana everywhere. Simply to defeat scholars and philosophers is not
the occupation of a preacher. Preachers must simultaneously introduce
the sankirtana movement, for that is the mission of the Caitanya cult.
Adi 16.9
TEXT 9
TEXT
vidyara prabhava dekhi camatkara cite
sata sata paduya asi lagila padite
SYNONYMS
vidyara -- of His learning; prabhava -- the influence; dekhi -- seeing;
camatkara -- wonder; cite -- within the heart; sata sata -- many
hundreds; paduya -- disciples or students; asi -- coming there; lagila --
began; padite -- to study.
TRANSLATION
Struck with wonder by the influence of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu's
intellectual prowess, many hundreds of students came to Him and
began studying under His direction.
Adi 16.10
TEXT 10
TEXT
sei dese vipra, nama -- misra tapana
niscaya karite nare sadhya-sadhana
SYNONYMS
sei dese -- in that region of East Bengal; vipra -- a brahmana; nama --
named; misra tapana -- Tapana Misra; niscaya karite -- to ascertain;
nare -- not able; sadhya -- objective; sadhana -- process.
TRANSLATION
In East Bengal there was a brahmana named Tapana Misra who could not
ascertain the objective of life nor how to attain it.
PURPORT
One must first ascertain the object of life and then understand how to
attain it. The Krsna consciousness movement is pointing out to everyone
that the object of life is to understand Krsna, and to attain that goal
of life one must practice Krsna consciousness, following the methods
prescribed by the Gosvamis with reference to the authoritative sastras
and Vedas.
Adi 16.11
TEXT 11
TEXT
bahu-sastre bahu-vakye citte bhrama haya
sadhya-sadhana srestha na haya niscaya
SYNONYMS
bahu-sastre -- by many books or scriptures; bahu-vakye -- by many
versions of many persons; citte -- within the heart; bhrama -- doubt;
haya -- there is; sadhya-sadhana -- objective and means; srestha --
about the best; na -- not; haya -- there is; niscaya -- certainty.
TRANSLATION
If one becomes a bookworm, reading many books and scriptures and hearing
many commentaries and the instructions of many men, this will produce
doubt within his heart. One cannot in this way ascertain the real goal
of life.
PURPORT
In Srimad-Bhagavatam (7.13.8) it is said, granthan naivabhyased bahun na
vyakhyam upayunjita: "One should not read many books, nor should one try
to make a profession of reciting many books, especially if one is a
devotee." One must give up the ambition to be a learned scholar and in
this way earn a worldly reputation and financial facilities. If one
diverts his attention to studying many books, he cannot fix his mind in
devotional service, nor can he understand many scriptures, for they are
full of grave statements and meanings. In this connection Srila
Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura gives his opinion that those who are
attracted to studying many kinds of literature concerning various
subject matters, especially fruitive activities and philosophical
speculation, are deprived of unalloyed devotional service because of
their splayed attention.
Man has a general tendency toward fruitive activities, religious
ritualistic ceremonies and philosophical speculation. A living entity
thus bewildered since time immemorial does not understand the real goal
of life, and thus his activities in life are wasted. Innocent persons
misled in this way are deprived of unalloyed krsna-bhakti, devotional
service to the Lord. Tapana Misra is a vivid example of such a person.
He was a learned scholar, but he could not ascertain what the goal of
life is. Therefore he was given a chance to hear Lord Caitanya
Mahaprabhu instructing Sanatana Gosvami. Lord Caitanya's instruction to
Tapana Misra is especially significant for persons who loiter here and
there collecting books and reading none of them, thus becoming
bewildered regarding the aim of life.
Adi 16.12
TEXT 12
TEXT
svapne eka vipra kahe, -- sunaha tapana
nimani-pandita pase karaha gamana
SYNONYMS
svapne -- in a dream; eka -- one; vipra -- brahmana; kahe -- says;
sunaha -- just hear; tapana -- Tapana Misra; nimani-pandita -- of the
name Nimai Pandita; pase -- unto Him; karaha gamana -- go.
TRANSLATION
Tapana Misra, being thus bewildered, was directed by a brahmana in a
dream to go to Nimai Pandita [Caitanya Mahaprabhu].
Adi 16.13
TEXT 13
TEXT
tenho tomara sadhya-sadhana karibe niscaya
saksat isvara tenho, -- nahika samsaya
SYNONYMS
tenho -- He; tomara -- your; sadhya -- objective of life; sadhana --
process; karibe -- will do; niscaya -- ascertain; saksat -- direct;
isvara -- the Lord; tenho -- He is; nahika -- there is no; samsaya --
doubt.
TRANSLATION
"Because He is the Lord [isvara]," the brahmana told him, "undoubtedly
He can give you proper direction."
Adi 16.14
TEXT 14
TEXT
svapna dekhi' misra asi' prabhura carane
svapnera vrttanta saba kaila nivedane
SYNONYMS
svapna dekhi' -- by seeing the dream; misra -- Tapana Misra; asi' --
coming; prabhura -- of Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu; carane -- at the
shelter of the lotus feet; svapnera -- of the dream; vrttanta -- details;
saba -- all; kaila -- did; nivedane -- inform Him.
TRANSLATION
After seeing the dream, Tapana Misra came to the shelter of Lord
Caitanya's lotus feet, and he described all the details of the dream to
the Lord.
Adi 16.15
TEXT 15
TEXT
prabhu tusta hana sadhya-sadhana kahila
nama-sankirtana kara, -- upadesa kaila
SYNONYMS
prabhu -- the Lord; tusta -- satisfied; hana -- becoming; sadhya-sadhana
-- the objective and the process; kahila -- described; nama-sankirtana --
chanting of the Hare Krsna mantra; kara -- practice; upadesa kaila --
gave him the instruction.
TRANSLATION
The Lord, being satisfied, instructed him about the object of life and
the process to attain it. He instructed him that the basic principle
of success is to chant the holy name of the Lord [the Hare Krsna maha-
mantra].
PURPORT
The Krsna consciousness movement is based upon this instruction of Lord
Caitanya Mahaprabhu that one must chant the Hare Krsna maha-mantra
regularly and according to the prescribed principles. We simply ask our
western students to chant at least sixteen rounds a day, but sometimes
we find that they fail to chant even these sixteen rounds, and instead
they bring many austere books and a worshiping method that diverts their
attention in so many ways. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu's cult is based upon
the chanting of the Hare Krsna mantra. Lord Caitanya first advised
Tapana Misra to fix his mind in this chanting. We, the members of the
Krsna consciousness movement, must strictly follow this advice of
Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
Adi 16.16
TEXT 16
TEXT
tanra iccha, -- prabhu-sange navadvipe vasi
prabhu ajna dila, -- tumi yao varanasi
SYNONYMS
tanra iccha -- his desire; prabhu-sange -- with the Lord; navadvipe --
in Navadvipa; vasi -- I live there; prabhu ajna dila -- but the Lord
advised Him; tumi -- you; yao -- go; varanasi -- to Benares.
TRANSLATION
Tapana Misra's desire was to live with the Lord in Navadvipa, but the
Lord asked him to go to Varanasi [Benares].
Adi 16.17
TEXT 17
TEXT
tahan ama-sange tomara habe darasana
ajna pana misra kaila kasite gamana
SYNONYMS
tahan -- there; ama-sange -- with Me; tomara -- your; habe -- there will
be; darasana -- meeting; ajna pana -- receiving this order; misra --
Tapana Misra; kaila -- did; kasite -- to Benares; gamana -- going.
TRANSLATION
The Lord assured Tapana Misra that they would meet again in Varanasi.
Receiving this order, Tapana Misra went there.
Adi 16.18
TEXT 18
TEXT
prabhura atarkya-lila bujhite na pari
sva-sanga chadana kene pathaya kasipuri
SYNONYMS
prabhura -- Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu's; atarkya-lila -- inconceivable
pastimes; bujhite -- to understand; na -- not; pari -- able; sva-sanga --
personal association; chadana -- avoiding; kene -- why; pathaya --
sends; kasipuri -- to Benares.
TRANSLATION
I cannot understand the inconceivable pastimes of Lord Caitanya
Mahaprabhu, for although Tapana Misra wanted to live with Him in
Navadvipa, the Lord advised him to go to Varanasi.
PURPORT
When Tapana Misra met Caitanya Mahaprabhu, Lord Caitanya was
living in household life, and there was no indication that in the future
He would accept the sannyasa order. But by asking Tapana Misra to go to
Varanasi He indicated that in the future He would accept sannyasa and
that when He would teach Sanatana Gosvami, Tapana Misra would take
advantage of the opportunity to learn the object of life and the real
process of attaining it.
Adi 16.19
TEXT 19
TEXT
ei mata bangera lokera kaila maha hita
'nama' diya bhakta kaila, padana pandita
SYNONYMS
ei mata -- in this way; bangera -- of East Bengal; lokera -- of the
people; kaila -- contributed; maha -- great; hita -- benefit; nama --
the holy name of the Lord; diya -- giving them; bhakta -- devotees;
kaila -- made them; padana -- by educating them; pandita -- learned
scholars.
TRANSLATION
In this way Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu contributed the greatest benefit to
the people of East Bengal by initiating them into hari-nama, the
chanting of the Hare Krsna maha-mantra, and making them learned scholars
by educating them.
PURPORT
Following in the footsteps of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the Krsna
consciousness movement is distributing the Hare Krsna maha-mantra and
inducing people all over the world to chant. We are giving people an
immense treasury of transcendental literature, translated into all the
important languages of the world, and by the grace of Lord Sri Caitanya
Mahaprabhu this literature is selling profusely, and people are chanting
the Hare Krsna maha-mantra with great delight. This is the preaching
process of the Caitanya cult. Since the Lord wanted this cult preached
all over the world, the International Society of Krishna Consciousness
is acting in a humble way so that the vision of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu
may be fulfilled all over the world, especially in the western countries.
Adi 16.20
TEXT 20
TEXT
ei mata bange prabhu kare nana lila
etha navadvipe laksmi virahe duhkhi haila
SYNONYMS
ei mata -- in this way; bange -- in East Bengal; prabhu -- Lord Sri
Caitanya Mahaprabhu; kare -- does; nana -- various; lila -- pastimes;
etha -- here; navadvipe -- in Navadvipa; laksmi -- the wife of Nimai
Pandita; virahe -- in separation; duhkhi -- unhappy; haila -- became.
TRANSLATION
Because the Lord was engaged in various ways in preaching work in East
Bengal, His wife, Laksmidevi, was very unhappy at home in separation
from her husband.
Adi 16.21
TEXT 21
TEXT
prabhura viraha-sarpa laksmire damsila
viraha-sarpa-vise tanra paraloka haila
SYNONYMS
prabhura -- of the Lord; viraha-sarpa -- the separation snake; laksmire -
- Laksmidevi; damsila -- bit; viraha-sarpa -- of the separation snake;
vise -- by the poison; tanra -- her; paraloka -- next world; haila
-- it so happened.
TRANSLATION
The snake of separation bit Laksmidevi, and its poison caused her death.
Thus she passed to the next world. She went back home, back to Godhead.
PURPORT
As stated in Bhagavad-gita (8.6), yam yam vapi smaran bhavam tyajaty
ante kalevaram: one's practice in thinking throughout his entire life
determines the quality of his thoughts at death, and thus at death one
obtains a suitable body. According to this principle, Laksmidevi, the
goddess of fortune from Vaikuntha, who was absorbed in thought of the
Lord in separation from Him, certainly went back home to Vaikunthaloka
after death.
Adi 16.22
TEXT 22
TEXT
antare janila prabhu, yate antaryami
desere aila prabhu saci-duhkha jani'
SYNONYMS
antare -- within Himself; janila -- knew; prabhu -- the Lord; yate --
because; antaryami -- He is the Supersoul; desere -- to the country;
aila -- returned; prabhu -- the Lord; saci -- of mother Sacidevi; duhkha
-- the unhappiness; jani' -- knowing.
TRANSLATION
Lord Caitanya knew about the disappearance of Laksmidevi because He is
the Supersoul Himself. Thus He returned home to solace His mother,
Sacidevi, who was greatly unhappy about the death of her daughter-in-law.
Adi 16.23
TEXT 23
TEXT
ghare aila prabhu bahu lana dhana-jana
tattva-jnane kaila sacira duhkha vimocana
SYNONYMS
ghare -- home; aila -- returned; prabhu -- the Lord; bahu -- much; lana -
- bringing; dhana -- riches; jana -- followers; tattva-jnane -- by
transcendental knowledge; kaila -- did; sacira -- of Sacimata; duhkha --
the unhappiness; vimocana -- relieving.
TRANSLATION
When the Lord returned home, bringing with Him great wealth and many
followers, He spoke to Sacidevi about transcendental knowledge to
relieve her of the grief she was suffering.
PURPORT
It is stated in Bhagavad-gita:
dehino 'smin yatha dehe
kaumaram yauvanam jara
tatha dehantara-praptir
dhiras tatra na muhyati
"As the embodied soul continually passes, in this body, from boyhood to
youth to old age, the soul similarly passes into another body at death.
The self-realized soul is not bewildered by such a change." (Bg. 2.13)
Such verses from Bhagavad-gita or any other Vedic literature give
valuable instructions on the occasion of someone's passing away. By
discussing such instructions from Bhagavad-gita or Srimad-
Bhagavatam a sober man can certainly understand that the soul never
dies; it passes from one body to another. This is called
transmigration of the soul. A soul comes into this material world and
creates bodily relationships with a father, a mother, sisters, brothers,
a wife and children, but all these relationships pertain to the body,
not the soul. Therefore, as described in Bhagavad-gita, dhiras tatra
na muhyati: one who is sober is not disturbed by such phenomenal changes
within this material world. Such instructions are called tattva-katha,
or real truth.
Adi 16.24
TEXT 24
TEXT
sisya-gana lana punah vidyara vilasa
vidya-bale saba jini' auddhatya prakasa
SYNONYMS
sisya-gana -- disciples; lana -- taking; punah -- again; vidyara -- of
education; vilasa -- pastime; vidya-bale -- by the strength of education;
saba -- everyone; jini' -- conquering; auddhatya -- of pride; prakasa --
manifestation.
TRANSLATION
After coming back from East Bengal, Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu again began
educating others. By the strength of His education He conquered everyone,
and thus He was greatly proud.
Adi 16.25
TEXT 25
TEXT
tabe visnupriya-thakuranira parinaya
tabe ta' karila prabhu digvijayi jaya
SYNONYMS
tabe -- after this; visnupriya -- of the name Visnupriya; thakuranira --
of the goddess of fortune; parinaya -- marriage; tabe ta' -- thereafter;
karila -- did; prabhu -- the Lord; dig-vijayi -- the champion; jaya --
conquer.
TRANSLATION
Then Lord Caitanya married Visnupriya, the goddess of fortune, and
thereafter He conquered a champion of learning named Kesava Kasmiri.
PURPORT
As in the modern day there are many champions in sports, so in bygone
days there were many learned scholars in India who were champions in
learning. One such person was Kesava Kasmiri, who came from the state of
Kashmir. He traveled all over India and at last came to Navadvipa to
challenge the learned scholars there. Unfortunately he could not conquer
the learned scholars in Navadvipa, for he was defeated by the boy
scholar Caitanya Mahaprabhu. Later he understood that Caitanya
Mahaprabhu is none other than the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Thus
he surrendered unto Him and later became a pure Vaisnava in the
sampradaya of Nimbarka. He wrote Kaustubha-prabha, a commentary on the
Vedanta commentary of the Nimbarka-sampradaya, which is known as the
Parijata-bhasya.
The Bhakti-ratnakara mentions Kesava Kasmiri and lists his predecessors
in the disciplic succession of the Nimbarka-sampradaya: (1) Srinivasa
Acarya, (2) Visva Acarya, (3) Purusottama, (4) Vilasa, (5) Svarupa, (6)
Madhava, (7) Balabhadra, (8) Padma, (9) Syama, (10) Gopala, (11) Krpa, (
12) Deva Acarya, (13) Sundara Bhatta, (14) Padmanabha, (15) Upendra, (16)
Ramacandra, (17) Vamana, (18) Krsna, (19) Padmakara, (20) Sravana, (21)
Bhuri, (22) Madhava, (23) Syama, (24) Gopala, (25) Balabhadra, (26)
Gopinatha, (27) Kesava, (28) Gokula and (29) Kesava Kasmiri. It is
stated in the Bhakti-ratnakara that Kesava Kasmiri was a favorite
devotee of mother Sarasvati, the goddess of learning. By her grace he
was an extremely influential scholar, and he was the greatest champion
among all the scholars in the four corners of the country. Therefore he
got the title digvijayi, which means "one who has conquered
everyone in all directions." He belonged to a very respectable brahmana
family of Kashmir. Later, by the order of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, he
gave up the profession of winning championships and became a great
devotee. He joined the Nimbarka-sampradaya, one of the Vaisnava
communities of the Vedic culture.
Adi 16.26
TEXT 26
TEXT
vrndavana-dasa iha kariyachena vistara
sphuta nahi kare dosa-gunera vicara
SYNONYMS
vrndavana-dasa -- Srila Vrndavana dasa Thakura; iha -- this; kariyachena
-- has made; vistara -- elaborate description; sphuta -- what was clear;
nahi -- not; kare -- does; dosa-gunera -- of both the faults and the
virtues; vicara -- analysis.
TRANSLATION
Vrndavana dasa Thakura has previously elaborately described this. That
which is clear need not be scrutinized for qualities and faults.
Adi 16.27
TEXT 27
TEXT
sei amsa kahi, tanre kari' namaskara
ya' suni' digvijayi kaila apana dhik-kara
SYNONYMS
sei -- that; amsa -- portion; kahi -- I mention; tanre -- unto Sri
Vrndavana dasa Thakura; kari' -- making; namaskara -- obeisances; ya' --
of which; suni -- hearing; dig-vijayi -- the conquering pandita; kaila --
did; apana -- his own; dhik-kara -- condemnation.
TRANSLATION
Offering my obeisances to Srila Vrndavana dasa Thakura, I shall try to
describe that portion of the Lord's analysis which, when he heard it,
made the Digvijayi feel himself condemned.
Adi 16.28
TEXT 28
TEXT
jyotsnavati ratri, prabhu sisya-gana sange
vasiyachena gangatire vidyara prasange
SYNONYMS
jyotsnavati -- full moon; ratri -- night; prabhu -- Lord Caitanya
Mahaprabhu; sisya-gana -- disciples; sange -- along with; vasiyachena --
was sitting; ganga-tire -- on the bank of the Ganges; vidyara --
educational; prasange -- in discussion.
TRANSLATION
On one full moon night the Lord was sitting on the bank of the
Ganges with His many disciples and discussing literary topics.
Adi 16.29
TEXT 29
TEXT
hena-kale digvijayi tahani aila
gangare vandana kari' prabhure milila
SYNONYMS
hena-kale -- at this time; dig-vijayi -- Kesava Kasmiri; tahani -- there;
aila -- reached; gangare -- to mother Ganges; vandana -- prayers; kari'
-- offering; prabhure -- the Lord; milila -- met.
TRANSLATION
Coincidently Kesava Kasmiri Pandita also came there. While offering
his prayers to mother Ganges, he met Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
Adi 16.30
TEXT 30
TEXT
vasaila tare prabhu adara kariya
digvijayi kahe mane avajna kariya
SYNONYMS
vasaila -- made seated; tare -- him; prabhu -- the Lord; adara --
adoration; kariya -- offering him; dig-vijayi -- Kesava Kasmiri; kahe --
says; mane -- within his mind; avajna -- disregard; kariya -- doing.
TRANSLATION
The Lord received him with adoration, but because Kesava Kasmiri was
very proud, he talked to the Lord very inconsiderately.
Adi 16.31
TEXT 31
TEXT
vyakarana padaha, nimani pandita tomara nama
balya-sastre loke tomara kahe guna-grama
SYNONYMS
vyakarana -- grammar; padaha -- You teach; nimani pandita -- Nimai
Pandita; tomara -- Your; nama -- name; balya-sastre -- in grammar which
is considered a study for boys; loke -- the people in general; tomara --
of You; kahe -- declare; guna-grama -- very qualified.
TRANSLATION
"I understand that You are a teacher of grammar," he said, "and that
Your name is Nimai Pandita. People speak very highly of Your teaching of
beginners' grammar.
PURPORT
Formerly Sanskrit schools first taught grammar very thoroughly, and this
system continues even now. A student was supposed to study grammar
carefully for twelve years in the beginning of his life, because if one
is expert in the grammar of the Sanskrit language, all the sastras are
open to him. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu was famous for teaching grammar to
students, and therefore Kesava Kasmiri first referred to His position as
a teacher of grammar. He was very proud of his literary
career; he was far above the first lessons of grammar, and so he thought
the position of Nimai Pandita not at all comparable to his own.
Adi 16.32
TEXT 32
TEXT
vyakarana-madhye, jani, padaha kalapa
sunilun phankite tomara sisyera samlapa
SYNONYMS
vyakarana-madhye -- among grammars; jani -- I understand; padaha -- You
teach; kalapa -- the Kalapa-vyakarana; sunilun -- I have heard; phankite
-- in deceitful word jugglery; tomara -- Your; sisyera -- of the
disciples; samlapa -- the specific knowledge.
TRANSLATION
"I understand that You teach Kalapa-vyakarana. I have heard that Your
students are very expert in the word jugglery of this grammar."
PURPORT
There are many schools of grammar in the Sanskrit language, the most
famous of which are the systems of Panini and the Kalapa and Kaumudi
grammars. There were different branches of grammatical knowledge, and a
student of grammar was supposed to study them all in twelve years.
Caitanya Mahaprabhu, who was famous as Nimai Pandita, taught grammar to
His students, who became expert in dealing with the word jugglery of
complicated grammar. Almost anyone expert in studying grammar interprets
the sastras in many ways by changing the root meanings of their words. A
student of grammar can sometimes completely change the meaning of a
sentence by juggling grammatical rules. Kesava Kasmiri indirectly
taunted Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu by implying that although He was a
great teacher of grammar, such grammatical jugglery of root meanings did
not require great expertise. This was a challenge to Sri Caitanya
Mahaprabhu. Because it was prearranged that Kesava Kasmiri would have to
discuss the sastras with Nimai Pandita, from the very beginning he
wanted to bluff the Lord. Thus the Lord replied as follows.
Adi 16.33
TEXT 33
TEXT
prabhu kahe, vyakarana padai -- abhimana kari
sisyete na bujhe, ami bujhaite nari
SYNONYMS
prabhu kahe -- the Lord replied; vyakarana padai -- yes, I teach grammar;
abhimana kari -- I am supposed to do so; sisyete -- amongst My
disciples; na -- do not; bujhe -- understand; ami -- I also; bujhaite --
to make them understand; nari -- am not able.
TRANSLATION
The Lord said: "Yes, I am known as a teacher of grammar, but factually I
cannot impress my students with grammatical knowledge, nor can they
understand Me very well.
PURPORT
Since Kesava Kasmiri was a little puffed-up, the Lord increased his
artificial pride by presenting Himself as subordinate to him. Thus He
flattered him as follows.
Adi 16.34
TEXT 34
TEXT
kahan tumi sarva-sastre kavitve pravina
kahan ami sabe sisu -- paduya navina
SYNONYMS
kahan -- whereas; tumi -- your good self; sarva-sastre -- in all
scriptures; kavitve -- in a literary career; pravina -- very
experienced; kahan -- whereas; ami -- I; sabe -- just; sisu -- a boy;
paduya -- student; navina -- new.
TRANSLATION
"My dear sir, whereas you are a very learned scholar in all sorts of
scriptures and are very experienced in composing poetry, I am only
a boy, a new student and nothing more.
Adi 16.35
TEXT 35
TEXT
tomara kavitva kichu sunite haya mana
krpa kari' kara yadi gangara varnana
SYNONYMS
tomara -- your; kavitva -- poetic integrity; kichu -- something; sunite -
- to hear; haya -- becomes; mana -- mind; krpa -- mercy; kari' --
showing Me; kara -- you do; yadi -- if; gangara -- of mother Ganges;
varnana -- description.
TRANSLATION
"Therefore I desire to hear your skill in composing poetry. We could
hear this if you would mercifully describe the glory of mother Ganges."
Adi 16.36
TEXT 36
TEXT
suniya brahmana garve varnite lagila
ghati eke sata sloka gangara varnila
SYNONYMS
suniya -- hearing this; brahmana -- the pandita, Kesava Kasmiri; garve --
in pride; varnite -- to describe; lagila -- began; ghati -- hour; eke --
one; sata -- hundred; sloka -- verses; gangara -- of the Ganges;
varnila -- described.
TRANSLATION
When the brahmana, Kesava Kasmiri, heard this, he became still more
puffed-up, and within one hour he composed one hundred verses describing
mother Ganges.
Adi 16.37
TEXT 37
TEXT
suniya karila prabhu bahuta satkara
toma sama prthivite kavi nahi ara
SYNONYMS
suniya -- hearing this; karila -- did; prabhu -- the Lord; bahuta --
very much; satkara -- high praise; toma -- you; sama -- like; prthivite -
- in the world; kavi -- poet; nahi -- there is not; ara -- anyone else.
TRANSLATION
The Lord praised him, saying: "Sir, there is no greater poet than you in
the entire world.
Adi 16.38
TEXT 38
TEXT
tomara kavita sloka bujhite kara sakti
tumi bhala jana artha kimva sarasvati
SYNONYMS
tomara -- your; kavita -- poetry; sloka -- verses; bujhite -- to
understand; kara -- whose; sakti -- power; tumi -- you; bhala -- well;
jana -- know; artha -- meaning; kimva -- or; sarasvati -- the goddess of
learning.
TRANSLATION
"Your poetry is so difficult that no one can understand it but you and
mother Sarasvati, the goddess of learning.
PURPORT
Replying to Kesava Kasmiri sarcastically, Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu
indirectly minimized the value of his poetry by saying, "Yes, your
compositions are so nice that no one but you and your worshipable mother,
the goddess of learning, can understand them." Kesava Kasmiri was a
favorite devotee of mother Sarasvati, the goddess of learning, but
Caitanya Mahaprabhu, as the master of the goddess of learning, has the
right to speak sarcastically of her devotees. In other words, although
Kesava Kasmiri was proud of being favored by the goddess of learning, he
did not know that she is controlled by Caitanya Mahaprabhu Himself
because He is the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
Adi 16.39
TEXT 39
TEXT
eka slokera artha yadi kara nija-mukhe
suni' saba loka tabe paiba bada-sukhe
SYNONYMS
eka -- one; slokera -- of a verse; artha -- the meaning; yadi -- if;
kara -- you do; nija-mukhe -- by your own mouth; suni' -- hearing; saba -
- all; loka -- persons; tabe -- thereafter; paiba -- we shall get; bada-
sukhe -- with great happiness.
TRANSLATION
"But if you explain the meaning of one verse, we can all hear it from
your own mouth and thus be very happy."
Adi 16.40
TEXT 40
TEXT
tabe digvijayi vyakhyara sloka puchila
sata slokera eka sloka prabhu ta' padila
SYNONYMS
tabe -- thereafter; dig-vijayi -- Kesava Kasmiri; vyakhyara -- for
explanation; sloka -- a verse; puchila -- inquired about; sata -- one
hundred; slokera -- of the verses; eka -- one; sloka -- verse; prabhu --
the Lord; ta' -- then; padila -- recited.
TRANSLATION
The Digvijayi, Kesava Kasmiri, inquired which verse He wanted explained.
The Lord then recited one of the one hundred verses Kesava Kasmiri had
composed.
Adi 16.41
TEXT 41
TEXT
mahattvam gangayah satatam idam abhati nitaram
yad esa sri-visnos carana-kamalotpatti-subhaga
dvitiya-sri-laksmir iva sura-narair arcya-carana
bhavani-bhartur ya sirasi vibhavaty adbhuta-guna
SYNONYMS
mahattvam -- greatness; gangayah -- of mother Ganges; satatam -- always;
idam -- this; abhati -- shines; nitaram -- without comparison; yat --
because; esa -- she; sri-visnoh -- of Lord Visnu; carana -- feet; kamala
-- lotus flower; utpatti -- generation; subhaga -- fortunate; dvitiya --
second; sri -- beautiful; laksmih -- goddess of fortune; iva -- like;
sura-naraih -- by demigods and human beings; arcya -- worshipable;
carana -- feet; bhavani -- of goddess Durga; bhartuh -- of the husband;
ya -- she; sirasi -- on the head; vibhavati -- flourishes; adbhuta --
wonderful; guna -- qualities.
TRANSLATION
"The greatness of mother Ganges always brilliantly exists. She is the
most fortunate because she emanated from the lotus feet of Sri Visnu,
the Personality of Godhead. She is the second goddess of fortune, and
therefore she is always worshiped both by demigods and by humanity.
Endowed with all wonderful qualities, she flourishes on the head of Lord
Siva."
Adi 16.42
TEXT 42
TEXT
'ei slokera artha kara' -- prabhu yadi baila
vismita hana digvijayi prabhure puchila
SYNONYMS
ei -- this; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- explanation; kara --
kindly do; prabhu -- Lord Caitanya; yadi -- when; baila -- said; vismita
-- struck with wonder; hana -- being; dig-vijayi -- the champion;
prabhure -- unto the Lord; puchila -- inquired.
TRANSLATION
When Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu asked him to explain the meaning of this
verse, the champion, very much astonished, inquired from Him as follows.
Adi 16.43
TEXT 43
TEXT
jhanjhavata-praya ami sloka padila
tara madhye sloka tumi kaiche kanthe kaila
SYNONYMS
jhanjhavata -- the strong wind of a storm; praya -- like; ami -- I;
sloka -- verses; padila -- recited; tara -- of them; madhye -- in the
midst; sloka -- one verse; tumi -- You; kaiche -- how; kanthe -- within
the heart; kaila -- have taken.
TRANSLATION
"I recited all the verses like the blowing wind. How could You
completely learn by heart even one among those verses?"
Adi 16.44
TEXT 44
TEXT
prabhu kahe, devera vare tumi -- 'kavi-vara'
aiche devera vare keho haya 'srutidhara'
SYNONYMS
prabhu -- the Lord; kahe -- replied; devera -- of a superior power; vare
-- by benediction; tumi -- you; kavi-vara -- the most elevated poet;
aiche -- similarly; devera -- of the Lord; vare -- by the benediction;
keho -- someone; haya -- becomes; srutidhara -- one who can
immediately remember.
TRANSLATION
The Lord replied: "By the grace of the Lord someone may become a great
poet, and similarly by His grace someone else may become a great
srutidhara who can memorize anything immediately."
PURPORT
In this connection, srutidhara is a very important word. Sruti
means "hearing," and dhara means "one who can capture." Formerly, before
the beginning of Kali-yuga, almost everyone, especially among the
intelligent men, the brahmanas, was a srutidhara. As soon as a
student heard any of the Vedic wisdom from his master, he would remember
it forever. There was no need to refer to books, and therefore there
were no written books in those days. The spiritual master delivered the
Vedic hymns and their explanations to the student, who would then
remember them forever, without consulting books.
To become a srutidhara, one who can remember simply by hearing, is
a great achievement for a student. In Bhagavad-gita the Lord
says:
yad yad vibhutimat sattvam
srimad urjitam eva va
tat tad evavagaccha tvam
mama tejo 'msa-sambhavam
"Know that all beautiful, glorious and mighty creations spring from
but a spark of My splendor." (Bg. 10.41)
As soon as we find anything extraordinary, we should understand that
such an extraordinary manifestation is the special grace of the Supreme
Personality of Godhead. Therefore Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu replied to
the champion, Kesava Kasmiri, that just as he was greatly proud of being
a favorite devotee of mother Sarasvati, so someone else, like He
Himself, being favored by the Supreme Personality of Godhead,
could become a srutidhara and thus memorize anything immediately
simply by hearing it.
Adi 16.45
TEXT 45
TEXT
slokera artha kaila vipra paiya santosa
prabhu kahe -- kaha slokera kiba guna-dosa
SYNONYMS
slokera -- of the verse; artha -- explanation; kaila -- made; vipra --
the brahmana; paiya -- obtaining; santosa -- satisfaction; prabhu -- the
Lord; kahe -- said; kaha -- kindly speak; slokera -- of the verse; kiba -
- what are; guna -- qualities; dosa -- faults.
TRANSLATION
Satisfied by the statement of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the brahmana [
Kesava Kasmiri] explained the quoted verse. Then the Lord said: "Now
kindly explain the special qualities and faults in the verse."
PURPORT
Not only did Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu pick out this one among the one
hundred verses and remember it although the brahmana had recited them
like the blowing wind, but He also analyzed its qualities and faults.
Not only did He hear the verse, but He immediately made a critical study
of it.
Adi 16.46
TEXT 46
TEXT
vipra kahe sloke nahi dosera abhasa
upamalankara guna, kichu anuprasa
SYNONYMS
vipra kahe -- the brahmana replied; sloke -- in that verse; nahi --
there is not; dosera -- of fault; abhasa -- even a tinge; upama-alankara
-- simile or metaphor; guna -- quality; kichu -- something; anuprasa --
alliteration.
TRANSLATION
The brahmana replied: "There is not a tinge of fault in that verse.
Rather, it has the good qualities of similes and alliteration."
PURPORT
In the last line of the verse quoted by Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the
letter bha is repeated many times, as in the words bhavani, bhartur,
vibhavati and adbhuta. Such repetition is called anuprasa, or
alliteration. The words laksmir iva and visnos carana-kamalotpatti are
instances of upama-alankara, for they exhibit metaphorical beauty. The
Ganges is water, and Laksmi is the goddess of fortune. Since water and a
person are not actually similar, the comparison is metaphorical.
Adi 16.47
TEXT 47
TEXT
prabhu kahena, -- kahi, yadi na karaha rosa
kaha tomara ei sloke kiba ache dosa
SYNONYMS
prabhu kahena -- the Lord replied; kahi -- let Me say; yadi -- if; na --
do not; karaha -- you become; rosa -- angry; kaha -- please tell Me;
tomara -- your; ei sloke -- in this verse; kiba -- what; ache -- there
is; dosa -- fault.
TRANSLATION
The Lord said: "My dear sir, I may say something to you if you will not
become angry. Can you explain the faults in this verse?
Adi 16.48
TEXT 48
TEXT
pratibhara kavya tomara devata santose
bhala-mate vicarile jani guna-dose
SYNONYMS
pratibhara -- of ingenuity; kavya -- poetry; tomara -- your; devata --
the Lord; santose -- satisfies; bhala-mate -- scrutinizingly; vicarile --
on analyzing; jani -- I know; guna-dose -- there are faults and
qualities also.
TRANSLATION
"There is no doubt that your poetry is full of ingenuity, and certainly
it has satisfied the Supreme Lord. Yet if we scrutinizingly consider it
we can find both good qualities and faults."
Adi 16.49
TEXT 49
TEXT
tate bhala kari' sloka karaha vicara
kavi kahe, -- ye kahile sei veda-sara
SYNONYMS
tate -- therefore; bhala -- very carefully; kari' -- doing it; sloka --
the verse; karaha -- do; vicara -- judgment; kavi kahe -- the poet said;
ye kahile -- what You have said; sei -- that is; veda-sara -- exactly
right.
TRANSLATION
The Lord concluded: "Now, therefore, let us carefully scrutinize this
verse." The poet replied: "Yes, the verse You have recited is perfectly
correct.
Adi 16.50
TEXT 50
TEXT
vyakaraniya tumi nahi pada alankara
tumi ki janibe ei kavitvera sara
SYNONYMS
vyakaraniya -- a student of grammar; tumi -- You are; nahi -- do not;
pada -- study; alankara -- poetic ornaments; tumi -- You; ki -- what;
janibe -- will know; ei -- this; kavitvera -- of poetic quality; sara --
review.
TRANSLATION
"You are an ordinary student of grammar. What do You know about literary
embellishments? You cannot review this poetry because You do not know
anything about it."
PURPORT
Kesava Kasmiri first wanted to bluff Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu by saying
that since He was not an advanced student in literary style, He could
not review a verse full of metaphors and literary ornaments. This
argument has some basis in fact. Unless one is a medical man one cannot
criticize a medical man, and unless one is a lawyer he cannot criticize
a lawyer. Therefore Kesava Kasmiri first depreciated the Lord's position.
Because Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu was to the champion a student of
grammar, how could He dare criticize a great poet like him? Lord
Caitanya, therefore, criticized the poet in a different way. He said
that although He was certainly not advanced in a literary career, He had
heard from others how to criticize such poetry, and as a
srutidhara, possessing a complete memory, He could understand the
process for such a review.
Adi 16.51
TEXT 51
TEXT
prabhu kahena -- ataeva puchiye tomare
vicariya guna-dosa bujhaha amare
SYNONYMS
prabhu kahena -- the Lord said; ataeva -- therefore; puchiye -- I am
asking; tomare -- you; vicariya -- completely reviewing; guna --
qualities; dosa -- faults; bujhaha -- teach; amare -- Me.
TRANSLATION
Taking a humble position, Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu said: "Because I am
not of your level, I have asked you to teach Me by explaining the faults
and qualities in your poetry.
Adi 16.52
TEXT 52
TEXT
nahi padi alankara, kariyachi sravana
tate ei sloke dekhi bahu dosa-guna
SYNONYMS
nahi padi -- I do not study; alankara -- the art of literary
embellishment; kariyachi -- I have done; sravana -- hearing; tate -- by
that; ei sloke -- in this verse; dekhi -- I see; bahu -- many; dosa --
faults; guna -- qualities.
TRANSLATION
"Certainly I have not studied the art of literary embellishments. But I
have heard about it from higher circles, and thus I can review this
verse and find in it many faults and many good qualities."
PURPORT
The statement kariyachi sravana ("I have heard it") is very important in
the sense that hearing is more important than directly studying or
perceiving. If one is expert in hearing and hears from the right source,
his knowledge is immediately perfect. This process is called srauta-
pantha, or the acquirement of knowledge by hearing from authorities. All
Vedic knowledge is based on the principle that one must approach a bona
fide spiritual master and hear from the authoritative statements of
the Vedas. It is not necessary for one to be a highly polished literary
man to receive knowledge; to receive perfect knowledge from a perfect
person, one must be expert in hearing. This is called the descending
process of deductive knowledge, or avaroha-pantha.
Adi 16.53
TEXT 53
TEXT
kavi kahe, -- kaha dekhi, kon guna-dosa
prabhu kahena, -- kahi, suna, na kariha rosa
SYNONYMS
kavi kahe -- the poet said; kaha dekhi -- you say "I see"; kon -- what;
guna -- qualities; dosa -- faults; prabhu kahena -- the Lord
replied; kahi -- let Me say; suna -- please hear; na -- do not; kariha --
become; rosa -- angry.
TRANSLATION
The poet said: "All right, let me see what qualities and faults You
have found." The Lord replied: "Let Me speak, and please hear Me without
becoming angry.
Adi 16.54
TEXT 54
TEXT
panca dosa ei sloke panca alankara
krame ami kahi, suna, karaha vicara
SYNONYMS
panca -- five; dosa -- faults; ei sloke -- in this verse; panca -- five;
alankara -- literary embellishments; krame -- one after another; ami --
I; kahi -- say; suna -- kindly hear; karaha -- give; vicara -- judgment.
TRANSLATION
"My dear sir, in this verse there are five faults and five literary
ornaments. I shall state them one after another. Kindly hear Me and then
give your judgment.
PURPORT
In the verse beginning with mahattvam gangayah there are five literary
ornaments and five examples of faulty composition. There are two
examples of the fault called avimrsta-vidheyamsa and one example each of
the faults viruddha-mati, punar-ukti and bhagna-krama.
Vimrsta means "clean," and vidheyamsa means "predicate." It is a general
rule of composition to establish a subject first and then give its
predicate. For example, according to Sanskrit grammar if one says, "This
man is learned," his composition is in order. But if one says, "Learned
is this man," the composition is not in order. Such a flaw is called
avimrsta-vidheyamsa-dosa, or the fault of unclean composition. The
subject matter to be known of the verse is the glorification of the
Ganges, and therefore the word idam ("this") or what is known should
have been placed before instead of after the glorification. The subject
matter already known should be placed before the unknown so that its
meaning will not be misconstrued.
The second instance of avimrsta-vidheyamsa-dosa occurs in the words
dvitiya-srilaksmir iva. In this composition the word dvitiya ("
second") is vidheya, or unknown. Placing the unknown first to make the
compound word dvitiya-srilaksmir is another fault. The words
dvitiya-srilaksmir iva were intended to compare the Ganges to
the goddess of fortune, but because of this fault the meaning of the
compound word was bewildering.
The third fault is that of viruddha-mati, or contradictory conception,
in the words bhavani-bhartuh. The word bhavani refers to the wife of
Bhava, Lord Siva. But since Bhavani is already known as the wife of Lord
Siva, to add the word bharta, "husband," thus forming a compound meaning
"the husband of the wife of Lord Siva," is contradictory, for thus it
appears as if the wife of Lord Siva had another husband.
The fourth fault is punar-ukti, or redundancy, which occurs when the
verb vibhavati ("flourishes"), which should have ended the composition,
is further qualified by the unnecessary adjective adbhuta-guna ("endowed
with wonderful qualities"). The fifth fault is bhagna-krama, which means
"broken order." In the first, third and fourth lines there is anuprasa,
or alliteration, created by the sounds ta, ra and bha, but in the second
line there is no such anuprasa, and therefore the order is broken.
Adi 16.55
TEXT 55
TEXT
'avimrsta-vidheyamsa' -- dui thani cihna
'viruddha-mati', 'bhagna-krama', 'punar-atta', -- dosa tina
SYNONYMS
avimrsta-vidheyamsa -- unclean composition; dui thani -- in two places;
cihna -- symptoms; viruddha-mati -- a contradictory conception; bhagna-
krama -- broken order; punar-atta -- redundancy (also called punar-ukti);
dosa -- faults; tina -- three.
TRANSLATION
"In this verse the fault of avimrsta-vidheyamsa occurs twice, and the
faults of viruddha-mati, bhagna-krama and punar-atta occur once each.
Adi 16.56
TEXT 56
TEXT
'gangara mahattva' -- sloke mula 'vidheya'
idam sabde 'anuvada' -- pache avidheya
SYNONYMS
gangara mahattva -- glorification of mother Ganges; sloke -- in the
verse; mula -- chief; vidheya -- unknown; idam -- this; sabde -- by the
word; anuvada -- the known; pache -- at the end; avidheya -
- improper.
TRANSLATION
"The glorification of the Ganges [mahattvam gangayah] is the principal
unknown subject matter in this verse, and the known subject matter is
indicated by the word 'idam,' which has been placed after the unknown.
Adi 16.57
TEXT 57
TEXT
'vidheya' age kahi' pache kahile 'anuvada'
ei lagi' slokera artha kariyache badha
SYNONYMS
vidheya -- what is unknown; age -- first; kahi' -- after speaking; pache
-- at the end; kahile -- if one speaks; anuvada -- known things; ei lagi'
-- for this reason; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- meaning;
kariyache -- has been made; badha -- objectionable.
TRANSLATION
"Because you have placed the known subject at the end and that which is
unknown at the beginning, the composition is faulty, and the meaning of
the words has become doubtful.
Adi 16.58
TEXT 58
TEXT
anuvadam anuktvaiva na vidheyam udirayet
na hy alabdhaspadam kincit kutracit pratitisthati
SYNONYMS
anuvadam -- things already known; anuktva -- without mentioning; eva --
certainly; na -- not; vidheyam -- unknown subject matters; udirayet --
one should mention; na -- not; hi -- certainly; alabdha-aspadam --
without having achieved a proper place; kincit -- something; kutracit --
anywhere; pratitisthati -- has a position.
TRANSLATION
"Without first mentioning what is known, one should not introduce the
unknown, for that which has no solid basis can never be established
anywhere.
Adi 16.59
TEXT 59
TEXT
'dvitiya sri-laksmi' -- ihan 'dvitiyatva' vidheya
samase gauna haila, sabdartha gela ksaya
SYNONYMS
dvitiya -- a second; sri-laksmi -- the all-
opulent goddess of fortune; ihan -- this word; dvitiyatva -- the
quality of being a second; vidheya -- the unknown, which is to be
explained; samase -- in the compound word; gauna -- secondary; haila --
became; sabda-artha -- the word's intended meaning; gela -- became;
ksaya -- lost.
TRANSLATION
"In the word dvitiya-srilaksmir [the second all-opulent
goddess of fortune], the quality of being a second Laksmi is the
unknown. In making this compound word, the meaning became secondary and
the originally intended meaning was lost.
Adi 16.60
TEXT 60
TEXT
'dvitiya' sabda -- vidheya, taha padila samase
'laksmira samata' artha karila vinase
SYNONYMS
dvitiya -- secondary; sabda -- the word; vidheya --
the unknown; taha -- that; padila -- joined; samase -- in the compound
word; laksmira -- with Laksmi; samata -- equality; artha -- meaning;
karila -- became; vinase -- lost.
TRANSLATION
"Because the word dvitiya [second] is the unknown, in its
combination in this compound word the intended meaning of equality with
Laksmi is lost.
Adi 16.61
TEXT 61
TEXT
'avimrsta-vidheyamsa' -- ei dosera nama
ara eka dosa ache, suna savadhana
SYNONYMS
avimrsta-vidheyamsa -- avimrsta-vidheyamsa; ei -- this; dosera -- of the
fault; nama -- the name; ara -- another; eka -- one; dosa -- fault; ache
-- there is; suna -- hear; savadhana -- carefully.
TRANSLATION
"Not only is there the fault avimrsta-vidheyamsa, but there is also
another fault, which I shall point out to you. Kindly hear Me with great
attention.
Adi 16.62
TEXT 62
TEXT
'bhavani-bhartr'-sabda dile paiya santosa
'viruddha-mati-krt' nama ei maha dosa
SYNONYMS
bhavani-bhartr -- the husband of Bhavani; sabda --
the word; dile -- you have placed; paiya -- getting;
santosa -- very much satisfaction; viruddha-mati-krt -- viruddha-mati-
krt (a statement of opposing elements); nama -- named; ei -- this; maha -
- great; dosa -- fault.
TRANSLATION
"Here is another great fault. You have arranged the word bhavani-
bhartr to your great satisfaction, but this betrays the fault of
contradiction.
Adi 16.63
TEXT 63
TEXT
bhavani-sabde kahe mahadevera grhini
tanra bharta kahile dvitiya bharta jani
SYNONYMS
bhavani -- bhavani; sabde -- by the word; kahe -- is mentioned;
mahadevera -- of Lord Siva; grhini -- the wife; tanra -- her; bharta --
husband; kahile -- if we say; dvitiya -- second; bharta -- husband; jani
-- we understand.
TRANSLATION
"The word bhavani means 'the wife of Lord Siva.' But when we mention
her husband, one might conclude that she has another husband.
Adi 16.64
TEXT 64
TEXT
'siva-patnira bharta' iha sunite viruddha
'viruddha-mati-krt' sabda sastre nahe suddha
SYNONYMS
siva-patnira -- of the wife of Lord Siva; bharta -- husband; iha -- this;
sunite -- to hear; viruddha -- contradiction; viruddha-mati-krt -- that
which creates a contradiction; sabda -- such a word; sastre -- in the
scriptures; nahe -- is not; suddha -- pure.
TRANSLATION
"It is contradictory to hear that Lord Siva's wife has another husband.
The use of such words in literature creates the fault called viruddha-
mati-krt.
Adi 16.65
TEXT 65
TEXT
'brahmana-patnira bhartara haste deha dana'
sabda sunitei haya dvitiya-bharta jnana
SYNONYMS
brahmana-patnira -- of the wife of a brahmana; bhartara -- of the
husband; haste -- in the hand; deha -- give; dana -- charity; sabda --
these words; sunitei -- hearing; haya -- there is; dvitiya-bharta --
another husband; jnana -- knowledge.
TRANSLATION
"If someone says, 'Place this charity in the hand of the husband of the
wife of the brahmana,' when we hear these contradictory words we
immediately understand that the brahmana's wife has another husband.
Adi 16.66
TEXT 66
TEXT
'vibhavati' kriyaya vakya -- sanga, punah visesana
'adbhuta-guna' -- ei punar-atta dusana
SYNONYMS
vibhavati -- vibhavati (flourishes); kriyaya -- by the verb
; vakya -- statement; sanga -- complete; punah -- again;
visesana -- an adjective; adbhuta-guna -- wonderful
qualities; ei -- this; punar-atta -- repetition of the same word;
dusana -- fault.
TRANSLATION
"The statement by the word vibhavati [flourishes] is complete.
Qualifying it with the adjective adbhuta-guna [wonderful qualities]
creates the fault of redundancy.
Adi 16.67
TEXT 67
TEXT
tina pade anuprasa dekhi anupama
eka pade nahi, ei dosa 'bhagna-krama'
SYNONYMS
tina pade -- in three lines; anuprasa -- alliteration; dekhi -- I see;
anupama -- extraordinary; eka pade -- in one line; nahi -- there is not (
alliteration); ei dosa -- this fault; bhagna-krama -- deviation.
TRANSLATION
"There is extraordinary alliteration in three lines of the verse, but in
one line there is no such alliteration. This is the fault of deviation.
Adi 16.68
TEXT 68
TEXT
yadyapi ei sloke ache panca alankara
ei panca-dose sloka kaila charakhara
SYNONYMS
yadyapi -- although; ei sloke -- in this verse; ache -- there are; panca
-- five; alankara -- literary embellishments; ei panca-dose -- by the
above-mentioned five faults; sloka -- the verse; kaila -- has been made;
charakhara -- spoiled.
TRANSLATION
"Although there are five literary ornaments decorating this verse, the
entire verse has been spoiled by these five most faulty presentations.
Adi 16.69
TEXT 69
TEXT
dasa alankare yadi eka sloka haya
eka dose saba alankara haya ksaya
SYNONYMS
dasa alankare -- with ten instances of literary ornamentation; yadi --
if; eka -- one; sloka -- verse; haya -- there is; eka dose -- by one
fault; saba -- all; alankara -- ornaments; haya ksaya -- become null and
void.
TRANSLATION
"If there are ten literary ornaments in a verse but even one faulty
expression, the entire verse is nullified.
Adi 16.70
TEXT 70
TEXT
sundara sarira yaiche bhusane bhusita
eka sveta-kusthe yaiche karaye vigita
SYNONYMS
sundara -- beautiful; sarira -- body; yaiche -- as; bhusane -- with
ornaments; bhusita -- decorated; eka -- one; sveta-kusthe -- with a
white spot of leprosy; yaiche -- as; karaye -- is made; vigita --
abominable.
TRANSLATION
"One's beautiful body may be decorated with jewels, but one spot of
white leprosy makes the entire body abominable.
PURPORT
The great sage Bharata Muni, an authority on poetic metaphor, has given
his opinion in this connection as follows.
Adi 16.71
TEXT 71
TEXT
rasalankaravat kavyam dosa-yuk ced vibhusitam
syad vapuh sundaram api svitrenaikena durbhagam
SYNONYMS
rasa -- with humors; alankaravat -- with ornaments (metaphors,
similes, etc.); kavyam -- poetry; dosa-yuk -- faulty; cet -- if;
vibhusitam -- very nicely decorated; syat -- it becomes so; vapuh -- the
body; sundaram -- beautiful; api -- even though; svitrena -- by a white
spot of leprosy; ekena -- one; durbhagam -- unfortunate.
TRANSLATION
"'As one's body, although well-decorated with ornaments, is made
unfortunate by even one spot of white leprosy, so an entire poem is made
useless by a fault, despite alliteration, similes and metaphors.'
Adi 16.72
TEXT 72
TEXT
panca alankarera ebe sunaha vicara
dui sabdalankara, tina artha-alankara
SYNONYMS
panca -- five; alankarera -- of the literary embellishments; ebe -- now;
sunaha -- just hear; vicara -- description; dui -- two; sabda-alankara --
ornaments of sound or ornaments of words; tina -- three; artha-alankara
-- ornaments of meaning.
TRANSLATION
"Now hear the description of the five literary embellishments. There are
two ornaments of sound and three ornaments of meaning.
Adi 16.73
TEXT 73
TEXT
sabdalankara -- tina-pade ache anuprasa
'sri-laksmi' sabde 'punar-uktavad-abhasa'
SYNONYMS
sabda-alankara -- ornamentation of sound; tina-pade -- in three lines;
ache -- there is; anuprasa -- alliteration; sri-laksmi -- sri-laksmi;
sabde -- in the word; punar-ukta-vat -- of repetition of the
same word; abhasa -- there is a tinge.
TRANSLATION
"There is a sound ornament of alliteration in three lines. And in the
combination of words sri and laksmi there is the ornament of a
tinge of redundancy.
Adi 16.74
TEXT 74
TEXT
prathama-carane panca 'ta'-karera panti
trtiya-carane haya panca 'repha'-sthiti
SYNONYMS
prathama-carane -- in the first line; panca -- five; ta-karera -- of the
letter ta; panti -- very nice composition; trtiya-carane -- in the third
line; haya -- there is; panca -- five; repha -- of the letter ra; sthiti
-- composition.
TRANSLATION
"In the arrangement of the first line the letter ta occurs five times,
and the arrangement of the third line repeats the letter ra five times.
Adi 16.75
TEXT 75
TEXT
caturtha-carane cari 'bha'-kara-prakasa
ataeva sabdalankara anuprasa
SYNONYMS
caturtha-carane -- in the fourth line; cari -- four; bha-kara -- of the
letter bha; prakasa -- manifestations; ataeva -- therefore; sabda-
alankara -- ornamental use of different sounds; anuprasa -- alliteration.
TRANSLATION
"In the fourth line the letter bha occurs four times. This arrangement
of alliteration is a pleasing ornamental use of sounds.
Adi 16.76
TEXT 76
TEXT
'sri-sabde, 'laksmi'-sabde -- eka vastu ukta
punar-ukta-praya bhase, nahe punar-ukta
SYNONYMS
sri-sabde -- by the word sri; laksmi-sabde -- by the word laksmi; eka
vastu -- one thing; ukta -- is indicated; punar-ukta-praya -- almost
repetition; bhase -- appears; nahe -- but actually it is not; punar-ukta
-- repetition.
TRANSLATION
"Although the words sri and laksmi convey the same meaning and are
therefore almost redundant, they are nevertheless not redundant.
Adi 16.77
TEXT 77
TEXT
'sri-yukta laksmi' arthe arthera vibheda
punar-uktavad-abhasa, sabdalankara-bheda
SYNONYMS
sri-yukta laksmi -- Laksmi, possessed of opulence; arthe -- in the sense;
arthera -- of the meaning; vibheda -- difference; punar-ukta-vad-
abhasa -- tinge of punar-ukta-vat; sabda-alankara -- ornamental use of
words; bheda -- different.
TRANSLATION
"Describing Laksmi as possessed of sri [opulence] offers a difference in
meaning with a tinge of repetition. This is the second ornamental use of
words.
Adi 16.78
TEXT 78
TEXT
'laksmir iva' arthalankara -- upama-prakasa
ara arthalankara ache, nama -- 'virodhabhasa'
SYNONYMS
laksmir iva -- like Laksmi; artha-alankara --
ornamental use of the meaning; upama -- analogy; prakasa --
manifestation; ara -- also; artha-alankara -- ornamental use of meaning;
ache -- there is; nama -- which is named; virodha-abhasa -- possibility
of contradiction.
TRANSLATION
"The use of laksmir iva [like Laksmi] manifests the
ornament of meaning called upama [analogy]. There is also the further
ornament of meaning called virodha-abhasa, or a contradictory
indication.
Adi 16.79
TEXT 79
TEXT
'gangate kamala janme' -- sabara subodha
'kamale gangara janma' -- atyanta virodha
SYNONYMS
gangate -- in the River Ganges; kamala -- lotus flower; janme -- grows;
sabara -- of everyone; subodha -- understanding; kamale -- in the lotus
flower; gangara -- of the Ganges; janma -- birth; atyanta -- very much;
virodha -- contradiction.
TRANSLATION
"Everyone knows that lotus flowers grow in the water of the Ganges. But
to say that the Ganges takes birth from a lotus flower seems extremely
contradictory.
Adi 16.80
TEXT 80
TEXT
'ihan visnu-pada-padme gangara utpatti'
virodhalankara iha maha-camatkrti
SYNONYMS
ihan -- in this connection; visnu-pada-padme -- in the lotus feet of
Lord Visnu; gangara -- of mother Ganges; utpatti -- beginning; virodha --
contradiction; alankara -- literary decoration; iha -- it; maha -- very
great; camatkrti -- wonder.
TRANSLATION
"The existence of mother Ganges begins from the lotus feet of the Lord.
Although this statement that water comes from a lotus flower is a
contradiction, in connection with Lord Visnu it is a great wonder.
Adi 16.81
TEXT 81
TEXT
isvara-acintya-saktye gangara prakasa
ihate virodha nahi, virodha-abhasa
SYNONYMS
isvara-acintya-saktye -- by the inconceivable potency of the Supreme
Lord; gangara -- of the Ganges; prakasa -- emanation; ihate -- in this;
virodha nahi -- there is no contradiction; virodha-abhasa -- appears to
be a contradiction.
TRANSLATION
"In this birth of the Ganges, by the inconceivable potency of the Lord,
there is no contradiction although it appears contradictory.
PURPORT
The central point of all Vaisnava philosophy is to accept the
inconceivable potency of Lord Visnu. What sometimes appears
contradictory from a material viewpoint is understandable in connection
with the Supreme Personality of Godhead because He can perform
contradictory activities by dint of His inconceivable potencies. Modern
scientists are puzzled. They cannot even explain how such a large
quantity of chemicals has formed the atmosphere. Scientists explain that
water is a combination of hydrogen and oxygen, but when asked where such
a large quantity of hydrogen and oxygen came from and how they combined
to manufacture the great oceans and seas, they cannot answer because
they are atheists who will not accept that everything comes from life.
Their thesis is that life comes from matter.
Where do all these chemicals come from? The answer is that they are
produced by the inconceivable energy of the Supreme Personality of
Godhead. Living entities are part of the Supreme Godhead, and from their
bodies come many chemicals. For example, the lemon tree is a living
entity that produces many lemons, and within each lemon is a great deal
of citric acid. Therefore, if even an insignificant living entity who is
but a part of the Supreme Lord can produce so much of a chemical, how
much potency there must be in the body of the Supreme Personality of
Godhead.
Scientists cannot perfectly explain where the chemicals of the world are
manufactured, but one can explain this perfectly by accepting the
inconceivable energy of the Supreme Lord. There is no reason for denying
this argument. Since there are potencies in the living entities who are
samples of the Personality of Godhead, how much potency there must be in
the Supreme Godhead Himself. As described in the Vedas, nityo nityanam
cetanas cetananam: "He is the chief eternal of all eternals and the
chief living entity among all living entities." (Katha Upanisad, 2.2.13)
Unfortunately, atheistic science will not accept that matter comes from
life. Scientists insist upon their most illogical and foolish theory
that life comes from matter, although this is quite impossible. They
cannot prove in their laboratories that matter can produce life, yet
there are thousands and thousands of examples illustrating that matter
comes from life. Therefore in Sri Caitanya-caritamrta Krsnadasa Kaviraja
Gosvami says that as soon as one accepts the inconceivable potency of
the Supreme Personality of Godhead, no great philosopher or scientist
can put forward any thesis to contradict the Lord's power. This is
expressed in the following Sanskrit verse.
Adi 16.82
TEXT 82
TEXT
ambujam ambuni jatam kvacid
api na jatam ambujad ambu
mura-bhidi tad-viparitam
padambhojan maha-nadi jata
SYNONYMS
ambujam -- lotus flower; ambuni -- in the water; jatam -- is grown;
kvacit -- at any time; api -- certainly; na -- not; jatam -- grown;
ambujat -- from a lotus flower; ambu -- water; mura-bhidi -- in
the killer of Murasura (Krsna); tat-viparitam -- just the opposite of
that; pada-ambhojat -- from the lotus flower of His feet; maha-nadi --
the great river; jata -- has grown.
TRANSLATION
"Everyone knows that lotus flowers grow in the water but water never
grows from a lotus. All such contradictions, however, are wonderfully
possible in Krsna. The great River Ganges has grown from His lotus feet.
Adi 16.83
TEXT 83
TEXT
gangara mahattva -- sadhya, sadhana tahara
visnu-padotpatti -- 'anumana' alankara
SYNONYMS
gangara -- of the Ganges; mahattva -- opulences; sadhya -- subject
matter; sadhana -- means; tahara -- of that; visnu-pada-utpatti -- her
origin from the lotus feet of the Lord; anumana -- called anumana (
hypothesis); alankara -- an ornament.
TRANSLATION
"The real glory of mother Ganges is that she has grown from the lotus
feet of Lord Visnu. Such a hypothesis is another ornament called
anumana.
Adi 16.84
TEXT 84
TEXT
sthula ei panca dosa, panca alankara
suksma vicariye yadi achaye apara
SYNONYMS
sthula -- gross; ei -- these; panca -- five; dosa -- faults; panca --
five; alankara -- literary ornaments; suksma -- in detail; vicariye --
we consider; yadi -- if; achaye -- there are; apara -- unlimited.
TRANSLATION
"I have simply discussed the five gross faults and five literary
embellishments of this verse, but if we consider it in fine detail we
will find unlimited faults.
Adi 16.85
TEXT 85
TEXT
pratibha, kavitva tomara devata-prasade
avicara kavye avasya pade dosa-vadhe
SYNONYMS
pratibha -- ingenuity; kavitva -- poetic imagination; tomara -- your;
devata -- of a demigod; prasade -- by the grace; avicara -- without good
judgment; kavye -- in the poetry; avasya -- certainly; pade -- there is;
dosa -- fault; vadhe -- obstruction.
TRANSLATION
"You have achieved poetic imagination and ingenuity by the grace of your
worshipable demigod. But poetry not well reviewed is certainly subject
to criticism.
Adi 16.86
TEXT 86
TEXT
vicari' kavitva kaile haya sunirmala
salankara haile artha kare jhalamala
SYNONYMS
vicari' -- with proper consideration; kavitva -- poetic explanation;
kaile -- if done; haya -- it becomes; sunirmala -- very pure; sa-
alankara -- with metaphorical use of words; haile -- if it is; artha --
meaning; kare -- does; jhalamala -- dazzle.
TRANSLATION
"Poetic skill used with due consideration is very pure, and with
metaphors and analogies it is dazzling."
Adi 16.87
TEXT 87
TEXT
suniya prabhura vyakhya digvijayi vismita
mukhe na nihsare vakya, pratibha stambhita
SYNONYMS
suniya -- hearing; prabhura -- of the Lord; vyakhya -- explanation; dig-
vijayi -- the champion; vismita -- struck with wonder; mukhe -- in the
mouth; na -- did not; nihsare -- come out; vakya -- words; pratibha --
ingenuity; stambhita -- choked up.
TRANSLATION
After hearing the explanation of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the champion
poet, struck with wonder, his cleverness stunned, could not say
anything.
Adi 16.88
TEXT 88
TEXT
kahite cahaye kichu, na aise uttara
tabe vicaraye mane ha-iya phanphara
SYNONYMS
kahite -- to speak; cahaye -- wants; kichu -- something; na -- not; aise
-- comes; uttara -- any reply; tabe -- thereafter; vicaraye -- considers;
mane -- within the mind; ha-iya -- becoming; phanphara -- puzzled.
TRANSLATION
He wanted to say something, but no reply could come from his mouth. He
then began to consider this puzzle within his mind.
Adi 16.89
TEXT 89
TEXT
paduya balaka kaila mora buddhi lopa
jani -- sarasvati more kariyachena kopa
SYNONYMS
paduya -- student; balaka -- a boy; kaila -- made; mora -- my; buddhi --
intelligence; lopa -- lost; jani -- I can understand; sarasvati --
mother Sarasvati; more -- with me; kariyachena -- must have been; kopa --
angry.
TRANSLATION
"This mere boy has blocked my intelligence. I can therefore understand
that mother Sarasvati has become angry with me.
PURPORT
In Bhagavad-gita it is clearly said that all intelligence comes from
the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is situated in everyone's heart
as Paramatma. The Paramatma gave the pandita the intelligence to
understand that because he was proud of his learning and wanted to
defeat even the Supreme Lord, by the will of the Lord and through the
agency of mother Sarasvati he had been defeated. One should not,
therefore, be too proud of one's position. Even if one is a greatly
learned scholar, if he commits an offense to the lotus feet of the Lord
he will not be able to speak properly, in spite of his learning. In
every respect, we are controlled. Our only duty, therefore, is to
surrender always to the lotus feet of the Lord and not be falsely proud.
Mother Sarasvati created this situation to favor the champion pandita so
that he might surrender unto Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
Adi 16.90
TEXT 90
TEXT
ye vyakhya karila, se manusyera nahe sakti
nimani-mukhe rahi' bale apane sarasvati
SYNONYMS
ye vyakhya -- which explanation; karila -- He has made; se -- that;
manusyera -- of any human being; nahe -- there is not; sakti -- power;
nimani-mukhe -- in the mouth of this boy Nimai; rahi' -- remaining; bale
-- speaks; apane -- personally; sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati.
TRANSLATION
"The wonderful explanation the boy has given could not have been
possible for a human being. Therefore mother Sarasvati must have spoken
personally through His mouth."
Adi 16.91
TEXT 91
TEXT
eta bhavi' kahe -- suna, nimani pandita
tava vyakhya suni' ami ha-ilan vismita
SYNONYMS
eta bhavi -- thinking like this; kahe -- the pandita says; suna -- hear;
nimani pandita -- O Nimai Pandita; tava -- your; vyakhya -- explanations;
suni' -- hearing; ami -- I; ha-ilan -- have become; vismita -- struck
with wonder.
TRANSLATION
Thinking thus, the pandita said: "My dear Nimai Pandita, please hear me.
Hearing Your explanation, I am simply struck with wonder.
Adi 16.92
TEXT 92
TEXT
alankara nahi pada, nahi sastrabhyasa
kemane e saba artha karile prakasa
SYNONYMS
alankara -- the literary use of words; nahi pada -- You never read; nahi
-- nor is there; sastra-abhyasa -- long practice in the discussion of
the sastras; kemane -- by which method; e saba -- all these; artha --
explanations; karile -- You have made; prakasa -- manifestation.
TRANSLATION
"I am surprised. You are not a literary student and do not have long
experience in studying the sastras. How have You been able to explain
all these critical points?"
Adi 16.93
TEXT 93
TEXT
iha suni' mahaprabhu ati bada rang
tanhara hrdaya jani' kahe kari' bhangi
SYNONYMS
iha suni' -- hearing this; mahaprabhu -- Caitanya Mahaprabhu; ati --
very; bada -- much; rangi -- funny; tanhara -- his; hrdaya -- heart;
jani' -- understanding; kahe -- says; kari' -- doing; bhangi --
indication.
TRANSLATION
Hearing this and understanding the pandita's heart, Sri Caitanya
Mahaprabhu replied in a humorous way.
Adi 16.94
TEXT 94
TEXT
sastrera vicara bhala-manda nahi jani
sarasvati ye balaya, sei bali vani
SYNONYMS
sastrera vicara -- discussion of sastra; bhala-manda -- good or bad;
nahi jani -- do not know; sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati; ye balaya --
whatever she speaks; sei -- those; bali -- I say; vani -- words.
TRANSLATION
"My dear sir, I do not know what is good composition and what is bad.
But whatever I have spoken must be understood to have been spoken by
mother Sarasvati."
Adi 16.95
TEXT 95
TEXT
iha suni' digvijayi karila niscaya
sisu-dvare devi more kaila parajaya
SYNONYMS
iha suni' -- hearing this; dig-vijayi -- the champion; karila --
admitted; niscaya -- decision; sisu-dvare -- through this boy; devi --
mother Sarasvati; more -- unto me; kaila -- has done; parajaya -- defeat.
TRANSLATION
When he heard this judgment from Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the pandita
sorrowfully wondered why mother Sarasvati wanted to defeat him through a
small boy.
Adi 16.96
TEXT 96
TEXT
aji tanre nivediba, kari' japa-dhyana
sisu-dvare kaila more eta apamana
SYNONYMS
aji -- today; tanre -- unto her; nivediba -- I shall offer my prayers;
kari' -- performing; japa -- chanting; dhyana -- meditation; sisu-dvare -
- through a boy; kaila -- has done; more -- unto me; eta -- so much;
apamana -- insult.
TRANSLATION
"I shall offer prayers and meditation to the goddess of learning," the
champion concluded, "and ask her why she has insulted me so greatly
through this boy."
Adi 16.97
TEXT 97
TEXT
vastutah sarasvati asuddha sloka karaila
vicara-samaya tanra buddhi acchadila
SYNONYMS
vastutah -- in fact; sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati; asuddha -- impure;
sloka -- verse; karaila -- caused him to compose; vicara-samaya -- at
the time of reviewing; tanra -- his; buddhi -- intelligence; acchadila --
covered.
TRANSLATION
Sarasvati had in fact induced the champion to compose his verse in an
impure way. Furthermore, when it was discussed she covered his
intelligence, and thus the Lord's intelligence was triumphant.
Adi 16.98
TEXT 98
TEXT
tabe sisya-gana saba hasite lagila
ta'-saba nisedhi' prabhu kavire kahila
SYNONYMS
tabe -- at that time; sisya-gana -- the disciples; saba -- all; hasite --
to laugh; lagila -- began; ta' -- saba -- all of them; nisedhi' --
forbidding; prabhu -- the Lord; kavire -- unto the poet; kahila --
addressed.
TRANSLATION
When the poetic champion was thus defeated, all the Lord's disciples
sitting there began to laugh loudly. But Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu asked
them not to do so, and He addressed the poet as follows.
Adi 16.99
TEXT 99
TEXT
tumi bada pandita, mahakavi-siromani
yanra mukhe bahiraya aiche kavya-vani
SYNONYMS
tumi -- you; bada pandita -- greatly learned scholar; maha-kavi -- of
all great poets; siromani -- the topmost; yanra -- of whom; mukhe -- in
the mouth; bahiraya -- emanates; aiche -- such; kavya-vani -- poetic
language.
TRANSLATION
"You are the most learned scholar and the topmost of all great poets,
for otherwise how could such fine poetry come from your mouth?
Adi 16.100
TEXT 100
TEXT
tomara kavitva yena ganga-jala-dhara
toma-sama kavi kotha nahi dekhi ara
SYNONYMS
tomara -- your; kavitva -- poetic ingenuity; yena -- like; ganga-jala-
dhara -- the flowing of the waters of the Ganges; toma-sama -- like you;
kavi -- poet; kotha -- anywhere; nahi -- not; dekhi -- I see; ara --
anyone else.
TRANSLATION
"Your poetic skill is like the constant flow of the waters of the Ganges.
I find no one in the world who can compete with you.
Adi 16.101
TEXT 101
TEXT
bhavabhuti, jayadeva, ara kalidasa
tan-sabara kavitve ache dosera prakasa
SYNONYMS
bhavabhuti -- of the name Bhavabhuti; jayadeva -- of the name Jayadeva;
ara -- and; kalidasa -- of the name Kalidasa; tan-sabara -- of all of
them; kavitve -- in the poetic power; ache -- there is; dosera -- of
faults; prakasa -- manifestation.
TRANSLATION
"Even in the poetic compositions of such great poets as Bhavabhuti,
Jayadeva and Kalidasa there are many examples of faults.
Adi 16.102
TEXT 102
TEXT
dosa-guna-vicara -- ei alpa kari' mani
kavitva-karane sakti, tanha se vakhani
SYNONYMS
dosa-guna-vicara -- therefore to criticize one's poetry as good or bad;
ei -- this; alpa -- negligible; kari' -- making; mani -- I consider;
kavitva -- poetic ingenuity; karane -- in performing; sakti -- power;
tanha -- that; se -- we; vakhani -- describe.
TRANSLATION
"Such mistakes should be considered negligible. One should see only how
such poets have displayed their poetic power.
PURPORT
In Srimad-Bhagavatam it is said:
tad-vag-visargo janatagha-viplavo
yasmin prati-slokam abaddhavaty api
namany anantasya yaso 'nkitani yat
srnvanti gayanti grnanti sadhavah
"In explaining the glories of the Lord, inexperienced men may compose
poetry with many faults, but because it contains glorification of the
Lord, great personalities read it, hear it and chant it." (Bhag. 1.5.11)
Despite its minute literary discrepancies, one must study poetry on the
merit of its subject matter. According to Vaisnava philosophy, any
literature that glorifies the Lord, whether properly written or not, is
first class. There need be no other considerations. The poetic
compositions of Bhavabhuti, or Sri Kantha, include Malati-madhava,
Uttara-carita, Vira-carita and many other similar Sanskrit dramas. This
great poet was born during the time of Bhojaraja as the son of
Nilakantha, a brahmana. Kalidasa flourished during the time of Maharaja
Vikramaditya, and he became the state poet. He composed some thirty or
forty Sanskrit dramas, including Kumara-sambhava, Abhijnana-sakuntala
and Megha-duta. His drama Raghu-vamsa is especially famous. We have
already described Jayadeva in Chapter Thirteen of this Adi-lila.
Adi 16.103
TEXT 103
TEXT
saisava-capalya kichu na labe amara
sisyera samana muni na han tomara
SYNONYMS
saisava -- childish; capalya -- impudence; kichu -- anything; na -- do
not; labe -- please take; amara -- My; sisyera -- of disciples; samana --
the equal; muni -- I; na -- not; han -- am; tomara -- your.
TRANSLATION
"I am not even fit to be your disciple. Therefore kindly do not take
seriously whatever childish impudence I have shown.
Adi 16.104
TEXT 104
TEXT
aji vasa' yaha, kali miliba abara
suniba tomara mukhe sastrera vicara
SYNONYMS
aji -- today; vasa' -- resting place; yaha -- go back; kali -- tomorrow;
miliba -- we will meet; abara -- again; suniba -- I shall hear; tomara
mukhe -- from your mouth; sastrera -- on the sastras; vicara --
discussion.
TRANSLATION
"Please go back home, and tomorrow we may meet again so that I may hear
discourses on the sastras from your mouth."
Adi 16.105
TEXT 105
TEXT
ei-mate nija ghare gela dui jana
kavi ratre kaila sarasvati-aradhana
SYNONYMS
ei-mate -- in this way; nija ghare -- to their respective homes; gela --
went back; dui jana -- both of them; kavi -- poet; ratre -- at night;
kaila -- performed; sarasvati -- of mother Sarasvati; aradhana --
worship.
TRANSLATION
In this way both the poet and Caitanya Mahaprabhu went back to their
homes, and at night the poet worshiped mother Sarasvati.
Adi 16.106
TEXT 106
TEXT
sarasvatisvapne tanre upadesa kaila
saksat isvara kari' prabhuke janila
SYNONYMS
sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati; svapne -- in a dream; tanre -- unto him;
upadesa -- advice; kaila -- gave; saksat -- directly; isvara -- the
Supreme Person; kari' -- accepting; prabhuke -- the Lord; janila -- he
understood.
TRANSLATION
In a dream the goddess informed him of the Lord's position, and the
poetic champion could understand that Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu is the
Supreme Personality of Godhead Himself.
Adi 16.107
TEXT 107
TEXT
prate asi' prabhu-pade la-ila sarana
prabhu krpa kaila, tanra khandila bandhana
SYNONYMS
prate -- in the morning; asi' -- coming back; prabhu-pade -- at the
lotus feet of the Lord; la-ila -- took; sarana -- shelter; prabhu -- the
Lord; krpa -- mercy; kaila -- showed; tanra -- his; khandila -- cut off;
bandhana -- all bondage.
TRANSLATION
On the next morning the poet came to Lord Caitanya and surrendered unto
His lotus feet. The Lord bestowed His mercy upon him and cut off all his
bondage to material attachment.
PURPORT
The same process advocated by Lord Sri Krsna in His teachings of
Bhagavad-gita as it is -- "Surrender unto Me in all instances" -- was
advocated by Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu. The champion surrendered unto the
Lord, and the Lord favored him. One who is favored by the Lord is freed
from material bondage, as stated in Bhagavad-gita (tyaktva
deham punar janma naiti mam eti so 'rjuna).
Adi 16.108
TEXT 108
TEXT
bhagyavanta digvijayi saphala-jivana
vidya-bale paila mahaprabhura carana
SYNONYMS
bhagyavanta -- very fortunate; dig-vijayi -- the poetic champion; sa-
phala -- successful; jivana -- life; vidya-bale -- by the strength of
learning; paila -- got; maha-prabhura -- of Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu;
carana -- lotus feet.
TRANSLATION
The poetic champion was certainly most fortunate. His life was
successful by dint of his vast learning and erudite scholarship, and
thus he attained the shelter of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
PURPORT
Sri Narottama dasa Thakura has sung that the best qualification for
taking shelter of the lotus feet of Lord Caitanya is to be the most
fallen because the Lord came specifically to deliver the fallen souls.
In this age there are very few scholars. Almost everyone is a fallen
meat-eater, drunkard, woman-hunter or gambler. Such persons are never
considered learned scholars, even if they pose as such. Because these so-
called scholars superficially see that Caitanya Mahaprabhu associates
with the fallen souls, they think that He is meant for a lower class of
men but that they do not need Him. Thus such scholars do not take to the
Krsna consciousness movement. To be puffed-up with false learning,
therefore, is a disqualification for accepting the Krsna consciousness
movement. But here is a special example, for although the poetic
champion was a greatly learned scholar, the Lord also favored him
because of his humble submission.
Adi 16.109
TEXT 109
TEXT
e-saba lila varniyachena vrndavana-dasa
ye kichu visesa ihan karila prakasa
SYNONYMS
e-saba -- all these; lila -- pastimes; varniyachena -- has described;
vrndavana-dasa -- Vrndavana dasa Thakura; ye kichu -- whatever; visesa --
specifics; ihan -- in this connection; karila -- I have made; prakasa --
presentation.
TRANSLATION
Srila Vrndavana dasa Thakura has described all these incidents
elaborately. I have only presented the specific incidents he has not
described.
Adi 16.110
TEXT 110
TEXT
caitanya-gosanira lila -- amrtera dhara
sarvendriya trpta haya sravane yahara
SYNONYMS
caitanya-gosanira lila -- the pastimes of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu;
amrtera dhara -- drops of nectar; sarva-indriya -- all senses; trpta --
satisfied; haya -- become; sravane -- by hearing; yahara -- of them all.
TRANSLATION
The nectarean drops of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu's pastimes can satisfy
the senses of everyone who hears them.
Adi 16.111
TEXT 111
TEXT
srirupa-raghunatha-pade yara asa
caitanya-caritamrta kahe krsnadasa
SYNONYMS
sri-rupa -- Srila Rupa Gosvami; raghunatha -- Srila Raghunatha dasa
Gosvami; pade -- at the lotus feet; yara -- whose; asa -- expectation;
caitanya-caritamrta -- the book named Caitanya-caritamrta; kahe --
describes; krsnadasa -- Srila Krsnadasa Kaviraja Gosvami.
TRANSLATION
Praying at the lotus feet of Sri Rupa and Sri Raghunatha, always
desiring their mercy, I, Krsnadasa, narrate Sri Caitanya-caritamrta,
following in their footsteps.
Thus end the Bhaktivedanta purports of the Sri Caitanya-caritamrta,
Adi-lila, Sixteenth Chapter, describing the pastimes of the Lord in His
childhood and youth.
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Adi 16: The Pastimes of the Lord in His Childhood and Youth
Chapter 16:
The Pastimes of the Lord in His Childhood and Youth
This chapter fully describes Lord Caitanya's kaisora-lila, or the
activities He performed just before attaining youth. During this time He
studied deeply and was victorious over greatly learned scholars. During
His kaisora-lila the Lord also sported in the water. He went to East
Bengal to secure financial assistance, cultivate knowledge and introduce
the sankirtana movement, and there He met Tapana Misra, whom He
instructed about spiritual advancement and ordered to go to Varanasi.
While Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu was touring East Bengal, His wife,
Laksmidevi, was bitten by a serpent or by the serpent of separation, and
thus she left this world. When the Lord returned home, He saw that His
mother was overwhelmed with grief because of Laksmidevi's death.
Therefore at her request He later married His second wife, Visnupriya-
devi. This chapter also describes the Lord's argument with Kesava
Kasmiri, the celebrated scholar, and the Lord's criticism of his prayer
glorifying mother Ganges. In this prayer the Lord found five kinds of
literary ornaments and five kinds of literary faults, thus defeating the
pandita. Later the Kasmiri Pandita, who was known to have been
victorious all over the country, submitted himself to the goddess of
learning, and by her order he met Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu on the
morning of the next day and surrendered unto Him.
Adi 16.1
TEXT 1
TEXT
krpa-sudha-sarid yasya
visvam aplavayanty api
nica-gaiva sada bhati
tam caitanya-prabhum bhaje
SYNONYMS
krpa-sudha -- of the nectar of the mercy; sarit -- river; yasya -- whose;
visvam -- the whole universe; aplavayanti -- inundating; api --
although; nica-ga eva -- more inclined to the poor and fallen; sada --
always; bhati -- is manifest; tam -- Him; caitanya -- prabhum -- Lord
Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu; bhaje -- I worship.
TRANSLATION
I worship Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, whose nectarean mercy flows like
a great river, inundating the entire universe. Just as a river flows
downstream, Lord Caitanya especially extends Himself to the fallen.
PURPORT
Narottama dasa Thakura has sung, sri-krsna-caitanya prabhu daya kara
more. He prays for Lord Caitanya's mercy because He is the mercy
incarnation, having appeared especially to reclaim the fallen souls. The
more fallen one is, the greater one's claim to the favor of Lord Sri
Caitanya Mahaprabhu. One must only be very sincere and serious. Despite
being contaminated by all the bad qualities of this Kali-yuga, if one
surrenders unto the lotus feet of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the Lord will
surely and certainly deliver him. The best example is Jagai and Madhai.
In this Age of Kali practically everyone is like Jagai and Madhai, but
the sankirtana movement inaugurated by Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu is still
flowing like a great river, inundating the entire world, and thus the
International Society for Krishna Consciousness is successfully claiming
all fallen souls to free them from contamination.
Adi 16.2
TEXT 2
TEXT
jaya jaya sri-caitanya jaya nityananda
jayadvaitacandra jaya gaura-bhakta-vrnda
SYNONYMS
jaya jaya sri-caitanya -- all glories to Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu;
jaya -- all glories; nityananda -- to Lord Nityananda Prabhu; jaya
advaitacandra -- all glories to Advaitacandra; jaya -- all glories;
gaura-bhakta-vrnda -- to all the devotees of the Lord.
TRANSLATION
All glories to Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu! All glories to Lord
Nityananda! All glories to Advaitacandra! And all glories to all the
devotees of the Lord!
Adi 16.3
TEXT 3
TEXT
jiyat kaisora-caitanyo
murti-matya grhasramat
laksmyarcito ‘tha vag-devya
disam jayi-jaya-cchalat
SYNONYMS
jiyat -- long live; kaisora -- situated in the kaisora age; caitanyah --
Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; murti-matya -- having accepted such a
body; grha-asramat -- from a householder's life; laksmya -- by Laksmi;
arcitah -- being worshiped; atha -- then; vak-devya -- by the goddess of
learning; disam -- of all directions; jayi -- the conqueror; jaya-chalat
-- on the plea of conquering.
TRANSLATION
Long live Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu in His kaisora age! Both the goddess
of fortune and the goddess of learning worshiped Him. The goddess of
learning, Sarasvati, worshiped Him in His victory over the scholar who
had conquered all the world, and the goddess of fortune, Laksmidevi,
worshiped Him at home. Since He is therefore the husband or Lord of both
goddesses, I offer my obeisances unto Him.
Adi 16.4
TEXT 4
TEXT
ei ta' kaisora-lilara sutra-anubandha
sisya-gana padaite karila arambha
SYNONYMS
ei ta' -- thus; kaisora -- the age of kaisora (the age between the
eleventh and fifteenth years); lilara -- of the pastimes; sutra --
anubandha -- chronological synopsis; sisya-gana -- students; padaite --
to teach; karila -- did; arambha -- begin.
TRANSLATION
At the age of eleven Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu began to teach students.
This marks the beginning of His kaisora age.
Adi 16.5
TEXT 5
TEXT
sata sata sisya sange sada adhyapana
vyakhya suni sarva-lokera camakita mana
SYNONYMS
sata sata -- very many; sisya -- disciples; sange -- along with Him;
sada -- always; adhyapana -- studying; vyakhya -- explanation; suni --
hearing; sarva-lokera -- of all people; camakita -- astonished; mana --
minds.
TRANSLATION
As soon as the Lord became a teacher, many, many students came to Him,
every one of them astonished to hear His mode of explanation.
Adi 16.6
TEXT 6
TEXT
sarva-sastre sarva pandita paya parajaya
vinaya-bhangite karo duhkha nahi haya
SYNONYMS
sarva-sastre -- in all scriptures; sarva -- all; pandita -- learned
scholars; paya -- obtain; parajaya -- defeat; vinaya -- gentle; bhangite
-- by behavior; karo -- anyone's; duhkha -- unhappiness; nahi -- does
not; haya -- become.
TRANSLATION
The Lord defeated all kinds of scholars in discourses about all the
scriptures, yet because of His gentle behavior, none of them were
unhappy.
Adi 16.7
TEXT 7
TEXT
vividha auddhatya kare sisya-gana-sange
jahnavite jala-keli kare nana range
SYNONYMS
vividha -- various; auddhatya -- impudences; kare -- does; sisya-gana --
His disciples; sange -- with; jahnavite -- in the water of the Ganges;
jala-keli -- sporting in the water; kare -- does; nana -- in various;
range -- jokes.
TRANSLATION
The Lord, as a teacher, performed various kinds of pranks in His
sporting pastimes in the water of the Ganges.
Adi 16.8
TEXT 8
TEXT
kata dine kaila prabhu bangete gamana
yahan yaya, tahan laoyaya nama-sankirtana
SYNONYMS
kata dine -- after a few days; kaila -- did; prabhu -- the Lord; bangete
-- in East Bengal; gamana -- touring; yahan yaya -- wherever He goes;
tahan -- there; laoyaya -- induces; nama-sankirtana -- the sankirtana
movement.
TRANSLATION
After some days the Lord went to East Bengal, and wherever He went He
introduced the sankirtana movement.
PURPORT
Although Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu and His devotees in disciplic
succession can defeat all kinds of learned scholars, scientists and
philosophers in arguments, thus establishing the supremacy of the
Personality of Godhead, their main business as preachers is to introduce
sankirtana everywhere. Simply to defeat scholars and philosophers is not
the occupation of a preacher. Preachers must simultaneously introduce
the sankirtana movement, for that is the mission of the Caitanya cult.
Adi 16.9
TEXT 9
TEXT
vidyara prabhava dekhi camatkara cite
sata sata paduya asi lagila padite
SYNONYMS
vidyara -- of His learning; prabhava -- the influence; dekhi -- seeing;
camatkara -- wonder; cite -- within the heart; sata sata -- many
hundreds; paduya -- disciples or students; asi -- coming there; lagila --
began; padite -- to study.
TRANSLATION
Struck with wonder by the influence of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu's
intellectual prowess, many hundreds of students came to the Lord and
began studying under His direction.
Adi 16.10
TEXT 10
TEXT
sei dese vipra, nama -- misra tapana
niscaya karite nare sadhya-sadhana
SYNONYMS
sei dese -- in that region of East Bengal; vipra -- a brahmana; nama --
named; misra tapana -- Tapana Misra; niscaya karite -- to ascertain;
nare -- not able; sadhya -- objective; sadhana -- process.
TRANSLATION
In East Bengal there was a brahmana named Tapana Misra, who could not
ascertain the objective of life or how to attain it.
PURPORT
One must first ascertain the object of life and then understand how to
attain it. The Krsna consciousness movement is pointing out to everyone
that the object of life is to understand Krsna, and to attain that goal
of life one must practice Krsna consciousness, following the methods
prescribed by the Gosvamis with reference to the authoritative sastras
and Vedas.
Adi 16.11
TEXT 11
TEXT
bahu-sastre bahu-vakye citte bhrama haya
sadhya-sadhana srestha na haya niscaya
SYNONYMS
bahu-sastre -- by many books or scriptures; bahu-vakye -- by many
versions of many persons; citte -- within the heart; bhrama -- doubt;
haya -- there is; sadhya-sadhana -- objective and means; srestha --
about the best; na -- not; haya -- there is; niscaya -- certainty.
TRANSLATION
If one becomes a bookworm, reading many books and scriptures and hearing
many commentaries and the instructions of many men, this will produce
doubt within his heart. One cannot in this way ascertain the real goal
of life.
PURPORT
In Srimad-Bhagavatam (7.13.8) it is said, granthan naivabhyased bahun na
vyakhyam upayunjita: "One should not read many books, nor should one try
to make a profession of reciting many books, especially if one is a
devotee." One must give up the ambition to be a learned scholar and in
this way earn a worldly reputation and financial facilities. If one
diverts his attention to studying many books, he cannot fix his mind in
devotional service, nor can he understand many scriptures, for they are
full of grave statements and meanings. In this connection Srila
Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura gives his opinion that those who are
attracted to studying many kinds of literature concerning various
subject matters, especially fruitive activities and philosophical
speculation, are deprived of unalloyed devotional service because of
their splayed attention.
Man has a general tendency toward fruitive activities, religious
ritualistic ceremonies and philosophical speculation. A living entity
thus bewildered since time immemorial does not understand the real goal
of life, and thus his activities in life are wasted. Innocent persons
misled in this way are deprived of unalloyed krsna-bhakti, devotional
service to the Lord. Tapana Misra is a vivid example of such a person.
He was a learned scholar, but he could not ascertain what the goal of
life is. Therefore he was given a chance to hear Lord Caitanya
Mahaprabhu instructing Sanatana Gosvami. Lord Caitanya's instruction to
Tapana Misra is especially significant for persons who loiter here and
there collecting books and reading none of them, thus becoming
bewildered regarding the aim of life.
Adi 16.12
TEXT 12
TEXT
svapne eka vipra kahe, -- sunaha tapana
nimani-pandita pase karaha gamana
SYNONYMS
svapne -- in a dream; eka -- one; vipra -- brahmana; kahe -- says;
sunaha -- just hear; tapana -- Tapana Misra; nimani-pandita --
Nimai Pandita; pase -- unto Him; karaha gamana -- go.
TRANSLATION
Tapana Misra, being thus bewildered, was directed by a brahmana in a
dream to go to Nimai Pandita [Caitanya Mahaprabhu].
Adi 16.13
TEXT 13
TEXT
tenho tomara sadhya-sadhana karibe niscaya
saksat isvara tenho, -- nahika samsaya
SYNONYMS
tenho -- He; tomara -- your; sadhya -- objective of life; sadhana --
process; karibe -- will do; niscaya -- ascertain; saksat -- direct;
isvara -- the Lord; tenho -- He is; nahika -- there is no; samsaya --
doubt.
TRANSLATION
"Because He is the Lord [isvara]," the brahmana told him, "undoubtedly
He can give you proper direction."
Adi 16.14
TEXT 14
TEXT
svapna dekhi' misra asi' prabhura carane
svapnera vrttanta saba kaila nivedane
SYNONYMS
svapna dekhi' -- by seeing the dream; misra -- Tapana Misra; asi' --
coming; prabhura -- of Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu; carane -- at the
shelter of the lotus feet; svapnera -- of the dream; vrttanta -- details;
saba -- all; kaila -- did; nivedane -- inform Him.
TRANSLATION
After seeing the dream, Tapana Misra came to the shelter of Lord
Caitanya's lotus feet, and he described all the details of the dream to
the Lord.
Adi 16.15
TEXT 15
TEXT
prabhu tusta hana sadhya-sadhana kahila
nama-sankirtana kara, -- upadesa kaila
SYNONYMS
prabhu -- the Lord; tusta -- satisfied; hana -- becoming; sadhya-sadhana
-- the objective and the process; kahila -- described; nama-sankirtana --
chanting of the Hare Krsna mantra; kara -- practice; upadesa kaila --
gave him the instruction.
TRANSLATION
The Lord, being satisfied, instructed him about the object of life and
the process for attaining it. He instructed him that the basic principle
of success is to chant the holy name of the Lord [the Hare Krsna maha-
mantra].
PURPORT
The Krsna consciousness movement is based upon this instruction of Lord
Caitanya Mahaprabhu that one must chant the Hare Krsna maha-mantra
regularly and according to the prescribed principles. We simply ask our
Western students to chant at least sixteen rounds a day, but sometimes
we find that they fail to chant even these sixteen rounds, and instead
they bring many austere books and a worshiping method that diverts their
attention in so many ways. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu's cult is based upon
the chanting of the Hare Krsna mantra. Lord Caitanya first advised
Tapana Misra to fix his mind on this chanting. We, the members of the
Krsna consciousness movement, must strictly follow this advice of
Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
Adi 16.16
TEXT 16
TEXT
tanra iccha, -- prabhu-sange navadvipe vasi
prabhu ajna dila, -- tumi yao varanasi
SYNONYMS
tanra iccha -- his desire; prabhu-sange -- with the Lord; navadvipe --
in Navadvipa; vasi -- I live there; prabhu ajna dila -- but the Lord
advised him; tumi -- you; yao -- go; varanasi -- to Benares.
TRANSLATION
Tapana Misra desired to live with the Lord in Navadvipa, but the
Lord asked him to go to Varanasi [Benares].
Adi 16.17
TEXT 17
TEXT
tahan ama-sange tomara habe darasana
ajna pana misra kaila kasite gamana
SYNONYMS
tahan -- there; ama-sange -- with Me; tomara -- your; habe -- there will
be; darasana -- meeting; ajna pana -- receiving this order; misra --
Tapana Misra; kaila -- did; kasite -- to Benares; gamana -- going.
TRANSLATION
The Lord assured Tapana Misra that they would meet again in Varanasi.
Receiving this order, Tapana Misra went there.
Adi 16.18
TEXT 18
TEXT
prabhura atarkya-lila bujhite na pari
sva-sanga chadana kene pathaya kasipuri
SYNONYMS
prabhura -- Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu's; atarkya-lila -- inconceivable
pastimes; bujhite -- to understand; na -- not; pari -- able; sva-sanga --
personal association; chadana -- avoiding; kene -- why; pathaya --
sends; kasi-puri -- to Benares.
TRANSLATION
I cannot understand the inconceivable pastimes of Lord Caitanya
Mahaprabhu, for although Tapana Misra wanted to live with Him in
Navadvipa, the Lord advised him to go to Varanasi.
PURPORT
When Tapana Misra met Him, Caitanya Mahaprabhu was
living in household life, and there was no indication that in the future
He would accept the sannyasa order. But by asking Tapana Misra to go to
Varanasi, He indicated that in the future He would accept sannyasa and
that when He would teach Sanatana Gosvami, Tapana Misra would take
advantage of the opportunity to learn the object of life and the real
process for attaining it.
Adi 16.19
TEXT 19
TEXT
ei mata bangera lokera kaila maha hita
nama' diya bhakta kaila, padana pandita
SYNONYMS
ei mata -- in this way; bangera -- of East Bengal; lokera -- of the
people; kaila -- contributed; maha -- great; hita -- benefit; nama --
the holy name of the Lord; diya -- giving them; bhakta -- devotees;
kaila -- made them; padana -- by educating them; pandita -- learned
scholars.
TRANSLATION
In this way Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu contributed the greatest benefit to
the people of East Bengal by initiating them into hari-nama, the
chanting of the Hare Krsna maha-mantra, and making them learned scholars
by educating them.
PURPORT
Following in the footsteps of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the Krsna
consciousness movement is distributing the Hare Krsna maha-mantra and
inducing people all over the world to chant. We are giving people an
immense treasury of transcendental literature, translated into all the
important languages of the world, and by the grace of Lord Sri Caitanya
Mahaprabhu this literature is selling profusely and people are chanting
the Hare Krsna maha-mantra with great delight. This is the preaching
process of the Caitanya cult. Since the Lord wanted this cult preached
all over the world, the International Society for Krishna Consciousness
is acting in a humble way so that the vision of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu
may be fulfilled all over the world, especially in the Western countries.
Adi 16.20
TEXT 20
TEXT
ei mata bange prabhu kare nana lila
etha navadvipe laksmi virahe duhkhi haila
SYNONYMS
ei mata -- in this way; bange -- in East Bengal; prabhu -- Lord Sri
Caitanya Mahaprabhu; kare -- does; nana -- various; lila -- pastimes;
etha -- here; navadvipe -- in Navadvipa; laksmi -- the wife of Nimai
Pandita; virahe -- in separation; duhkhi -- unhappy; haila -- became.
TRANSLATION
Because the Lord was engaged in various ways in preaching work in East
Bengal, His wife, Laksmidevi, was very unhappy at home in separation
from her husband.
Adi 16.21
TEXT 21
TEXT
prabhura viraha-sarpa laksmire damsila
viraha-sarpa-vise tanra paraloka haila
SYNONYMS
prabhura -- of the Lord; viraha-sarpa -- the separation snake; laksmire -
- Laksmidevi; damsila -- bit; viraha -- sarpa -- of the separation snake;
vise -- by the poison; tanra -- her; para-loka -- next world; haila
-- it so happened.
TRANSLATION
The snake of separation bit Laksmidevi, and its poison caused her death.
Thus she passed to the next world. She went back home, back to Godhead.
PURPORT
As stated in the Bhagavad-gita (8.6), yam yam vapi smaran bhavam tyajaty
ante kalevaram: one's practice in thinking throughout his entire life
determines the quality of his thoughts at death, and thus at death one
obtains a suitable body. According to this principle, Laksmidevi, the
goddess of fortune from Vaikuntha, who was absorbed in thought of the
Lord in separation from Him, certainly went back home to Vaikunthaloka
after death.
Adi 16.22
TEXT 22
TEXT
antare janila prabhu, yate antaryami
desere aila prabhu saci-duhkha jani'
SYNONYMS
antare -- within Himself; janila -- knew; prabhu -- the Lord; yate --
because; antaryami -- He is the Supersoul; desere -- to the country;
aila -- returned; prabhu -- the Lord; saci -- of mother Sacidevi; duhkha
-- the unhappiness; jani' -- knowing.
TRANSLATION
Lord Caitanya knew about the disappearance of Laksmidevi because He is
the Supersoul Himself. Thus He returned home to solace His mother,
Sacidevi, who was greatly unhappy about the death of her daughter-in-law.
Adi 16.23
TEXT 23
TEXT
ghare aila prabhu bahu lana dhana-jana
tattva-jnane kaila sacira duhkha vimocana
SYNONYMS
ghare -- home; aila -- returned; prabhu -- the Lord; bahu -- much; lana -
- bringing; dhana -- riches; jana -- followers; tattva-jnane -- by
transcendental knowledge; kaila -- did; sacira -- of Sacimata; duhkha --
the unhappiness; vimocana -- relieving.
TRANSLATION
When the Lord returned home, bringing with Him great wealth and many
followers, He spoke to Sacidevi about transcendental knowledge to
relieve her of the grief she was suffering.
PURPORT
It is stated in the Bhagavad-gita (2.13):
dehino 'smin yatha dehe kaumaram yauvanam jara
tatha dehantara-praptir dhiras tatra na muhyati
"As the embodied soul continuously passes, in this body, from boyhood to
youth to old age, the soul similarly passes into another body at death.
The self-realized soul is not bewildered by such a change."
Such verses from the Bhagavad-gita or any other Vedic literature give
valuable instructions on the occasion of someone's passing away. By
discussing such instructions from the Bhagavad-gita or Srimad-Bhagavatam,
a sober man can certainly understand that the soul never dies but
rather passes from one body to another. This is called transmigration of
the soul. A soul comes into this material world and creates bodily
relationships with a father, a mother, sisters, brothers, a wife and
children, but all these relationships pertain to the body, not the soul.
Therefore, as described in the Bhagavad-gita, dhiras tatra na muhyati:
one who is sober is not disturbed by such phenomenal changes within this
material world. Such instructions are called tattva-katha, or real truth.
Adi 16.24
TEXT 24
TEXT
sisya-gana lana punah vidyara vilasa
vidya-bale saba jini' auddhatya prakasa
SYNONYMS
sisya-gana -- disciples; lana -- taking; punah -- again; vidyara -- of
education; vilasa -- pastime; vidya-bale -- by the strength of education;
saba -- everyone; jini' -- conquering; auddhatya -- of pride; prakasa --
manifestation.
TRANSLATION
After coming back from East Bengal, Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu again began
educating others. By the strength of His education He conquered everyone,
and thus He was greatly proud.
Adi 16.25
TEXT 25
TEXT
tabe visnupriya-thakuranira parinaya
tabe ta' karila prabhu digvijayi jaya
SYNONYMS
tabe -- after this; visnupriya -- Visnupriya; thakuranira --
of the goddess of fortune; parinaya -- marriage; tabe ta' -- thereafter;
karila -- did; prabhu -- the Lord; dig-vijayi -- the champion; jaya --
conquer.
TRANSLATION
Then Lord Caitanya married Visnupriya, the goddess of fortune, and
thereafter He conquered a champion of learning named Kesava Kasmiri.
PURPORT
As in the modern day there are many champions in sports, so in bygone
days there were many learned scholars in India who were champions in
learning. One such person was Kesava Kasmiri, who came from the state of
Kashmir. He traveled all over India and at last came to Navadvipa to
challenge the learned scholars there. Unfortunately he could not conquer
the learned scholars in Navadvipa, for he was defeated by the boy
scholar Caitanya Mahaprabhu. Later he understood that Caitanya
Mahaprabhu is none other than the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Thus
he surrendered unto Him and later became a pure Vaisnava in the
sampradaya of Nimbarka. He wrote Kaustubha-prabha, a commentary on the
Vedanta commentary of the Nimbarka-sampradaya, which is known as the
Parijata-bhasya.
The Bhakti-ratnakara mentions Kesava Kasmiri and lists his predecessors
in the disciplic succession of the Nimbarka-sampradaya: (1) Srinivasa
Acarya, (2) Visva Acarya, (3) Purusottama, (4) Vilasa, (5) Svarupa, (6)
Madhava, (7) Balabhadra, (8) Padma, (9) Syama, (10) Gopala, (11) Krpa, (
12) Deva Acarya, (13) Sundara Bhatta, (14) Padmanabha, (15) Upendra, (16)
Ramacandra, (17) Vamana, (18) Krsna, (19) Padmakara, (20) Sravana, (21)
Bhuri, (22) Madhava, (23) Syama, (24) Gopala, (25) Balabhadra, (26)
Gopinatha, (27) Kesava, (28) Gokula and (29) Kesava Kasmiri. It is
stated in the Bhakti-ratnakara that Kesava Kasmiri was a favorite
devotee of mother Sarasvati, the goddess of learning. By her grace he
was an extremely influential scholar, and he was the greatest champion
among all the scholars in the four corners of the country. Therefore he
got the title dig-vijayi, which means "one who has conquered
everyone in all directions." He belonged to a very respectable brahmana
family of Kashmir. Later, by the order of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, he
gave up the profession of winning championships and became a great
devotee. He joined the Nimbarka-sampradaya, one of the Vaisnava
communities of the Vedic culture.
Adi 16.26
TEXT 26
TEXT
vrndavana-dasa iha kariyachena vistara
sphuta nahi kare dosa-gunera vicara
SYNONYMS
vrndavana-dasa -- Srila Vrndavana dasa Thakura; iha -- this; kariyachena
-- has made; vistara -- elaborate description ; sphuta -- what was clear;
nahi -- not; kare -- does; dosa -- gunera -- of both the faults and the
virtues; vicara -- analysis.
TRANSLATION
Vrndavana dasa Thakura has previously elaborately described this. That
which is clear need not be scrutinized for good qualities and faults.
Adi 16.27
TEXT 27
TEXT
sei amsa kahi, tanre kari' namaskara
ya' suni' digvijayi kaila apana dhik-kara
SYNONYMS
sei -- that; amsa -- portion; kahi -- I mention; tanre -- unto Sri
Vrndavana dasa Thakura; kari'-making; namaskara -- obeisances; ya' --
of which; suni -- hearing; dig-vijayi -- the conquering pandita; kaila --
did; apana -- his own; dhik-kara -- condemnation.
TRANSLATION
Offering my obeisances to Srila Vrndavana dasa Thakura, I shall try to
describe that portion of the Lord's analysis which, when he heard it,
made the Digvijayi feel himself condemned.
Adi 16.28
TEXT 28
TEXT
jyotsnavati ratri, prabhu sisya-gana sange
vasiyachena gangatire vidyara prasange
SYNONYMS
jyotsnavati -- full moon; ratri -- night; prabhu -- Lord Caitanya
Mahaprabhu; sisya-gana -- disciples; sange -- along with; vasiyachena --
was sitting; ganga-tire -- on the bank of the Ganges; vidyara --
educational; prasange -- in discussion.
TRANSLATION
Once on a full moon night the Lord was sitting on the bank of the
Ganges with His many disciples and discussing literary topics.
Adi 16.29
TEXT 29
TEXT
hena-kale digvijayi tahani aila
gangare vandana kari' prabhure milila
SYNONYMS
hena-kale -- at this time; dig-vijayi -- Kesava Kasmiri; tahani -- there;
aila -- reached; gangare -- to mother Ganges; vandana -- prayers; kari'
-- offering; prabhure -- the Lord; milila -- met.
TRANSLATION
Coincidentally, Kesava Kasmiri Pandita came there. While offering
his prayers to mother Ganges, he met Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
Adi 16.30
TEXT 30
TEXT
vasaila tare prabhu adara kariya
digvijayi kahe mane avajna kariya
SYNONYMS
vasaila -- made seated; tare -- him; prabhu -- the Lord; adara --
adoration; kariya -- offering him; dig-vijayi -- Kesava Kasmiri; kahe --
says; mane -- within his mind; avajna -- disregard; kariya -- doing.
TRANSLATION
The Lord received him with adoration, but because Kesava Kasmiri was
very proud, he talked to the Lord very inconsiderately.
Adi 16.31
TEXT 31
TEXT
vyakarana padaha, nimani pandita tomara nama
balya-sastre loke tomara kahe guna-grama
SYNONYMS
vyakarana -- grammar; padaha -- You teach; nimani pandita -- Nimai
Pandita; tomara -- Your; nama -- name; balya-sastre -- in grammar, which
is considered a study for boys; loke -- the people in general; tomara --
of You; kahe -- declare; guna-grama -- very much qualified.
TRANSLATION
"I understand that You are a teacher of grammar," he said, "and that
Your name is Nimai Pandita. People speak very highly of Your teaching of
beginners' grammar.
PURPORT
Formerly Sanskrit schools first taught grammar very thoroughly, and this
system continues even now. A student was supposed to study grammar
carefully for twelve years in the beginning of his life, because if one
is expert in the grammar of the Sanskrit language, all the sastras are
open to him. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu was famous for teaching grammar to
students, and therefore Kesava Kasmiri first referred to His position as
a teacher of grammar. Kesava Kasmiri was very proud of his literary
career; he was far above the first lessons of grammar, and so he thought
the position of Nimai Pandita not at all comparable to his own.
Adi 16.32
TEXT 32
TEXT
vyakarana-madhye, jani, padaha kalapa
sunilun phankite tomara sisyera samlapa
SYNONYMS
vyakarana-madhye -- among grammars; jani -- I understand; padaha -- You
teach; kalapa -- the Kalapa-vyakarana; sunilun -- I have heard; phankite
-- in deceitful word jugglery; tomara -- Your; sisyera -- of the
disciples; samlapa -- the specific knowledge.
TRANSLATION
"I understand that You teach Kalapa-vyakarana. I have heard that Your
students are very expert in the word jugglery of this grammar."
PURPORT
There are many schools of grammar in the Sanskrit language, the most
famous of which are the systems of Panini and the Kalapa and Kaumudi
grammars. There were different branches of grammatical knowledge, and a
student of grammar was supposed to study them all in twelve years.
Caitanya Mahaprabhu, who was famous as Nimai Pandita, taught grammar to
His students, who became expert in dealing with the word jugglery of
complicated grammar. Almost anyone expert in studying grammar interprets
the sastras in many ways by changing the root meanings of their words. A
student of grammar can sometimes completely change the meaning of a
sentence by juggling grammatical rules. Kesava Kasmiri indirectly
taunted Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu by implying that although He was a
great teacher of grammar, such grammatical jugglery of root meanings did
not require great expertise. This was a challenge to Sri Caitanya
Mahaprabhu. Because it was prearranged that Kesava Kasmiri would have to
discuss the sastras with Nimai Pandita, from the very beginning he
wanted to bluff the Lord. Thus the Lord replied as follows.
Adi 16.33
TEXT 33
TEXT
prabhu kahe, vyakarana padai -- abhimana kari
sisyete na bujhe, ami bujhaite nari
SYNONYMS
prabhu kahe -- the Lord replied; vyakarana padai -- yes, I teach grammar;
abhimana kari -- I am supposed to do so; sisyete -- amongst My
disciples; na -- do not; bujhe -- understand; ami -- I also; bujhaite --
to make them understand; nari -- am not able.
TRANSLATION
The Lord said, "Yes, I am known as a teacher of grammar, but factually I
cannot impress My students with grammatical knowledge, nor can they
understand Me very well.
PURPORT
Since Kesava Kasmiri was a little puffed up, the Lord increased his
artificial pride by presenting Himself as subordinate to him. Thus He
flattered him as follows.
Adi 16.34
TEXT 34
TEXT
kahan tumi sarva-sastre kavitve pravina
kahan ami sabe sisu -- paduya navina
SYNONYMS
kahan-whereas; tumi-your good self; sarva-sastre-in all
scriptures; kavitve-in a literary career; pravina-very much
experienced; kahan-whereas; ami-I; sabe-just; sisu-a boy;
paduya-student; navina-new.
TRANSLATION
"My dear sir, whereas you are a very learned scholar in all sorts of
scriptures and are very much experienced in composing poetry, I am only
a boy -- a new student and nothing more.
Adi 16.35
TEXT 35
TEXT
tomara kavitva kichu sunite haya mana
krpa kari' kara yadi gangara varnana
SYNONYMS
tomara -- your; kavitva -- poetic integrity; kichu -- something; sunite -
- to hear; haya -- becomes; mana -- mind; krpa -- mercy; kari'-
showing Me; kara -- you do; yadi -- if; gangara -- of mother Ganges;
varnana -- description.
TRANSLATION
"Therefore I desire to hear your skill in composing poetry. We could
hear this if you would mercifully describe the glory of mother Ganges."
Adi 16.36
TEXT 36
TEXT
suniya brahmana garve varnite lagila
ghati eke sata sloka gangara varnila
SYNONYMS
suniya -- hearing this; brahmana -- the pandita, Kesava Kasmiri; garve --
in pride; varnite -- to describe; lagila -- began; ghati -- hour; eke --
one; sata -- hundred; sloka -- verses; gangara -- of the Ganges;
varnila -- described.
TRANSLATION
When the brahmana, Kesava Kasmiri, heard this, he became still more
puffed up, and within one hour he composed one hundred verses describing
mother Ganges.
Adi 16.37
TEXT 37
TEXT
suniya karila prabhu bahuta satkara
toma sama prthivite kavi nahi ara
SYNONYMS
suniya -- hearing this; karila -- did; prabhu -- the Lord; bahuta --
very much; satkara -- high praise; toma -- you; sama -- like; prthivite -
- in the world; kavi -- poet; nahi -- there is not; ara -- anyone else.
TRANSLATION
The Lord praised him, saying, "Sir, there is no greater poet than you in
the entire world.
Adi 16.38
TEXT 38
TEXT
tomara kavita sloka bujhite kara sakti
tumi bhala jana artha kimva sarasvati
SYNONYMS
tomara -- your; kavita -- poetry; sloka -- verses; bujhite -- to
understand; kara -- whose; sakti -- power; tumi -- you; bhala -- well;
jana -- know; artha -- meaning; kimva -- or; sarasvati -- the goddess of
learning.
TRANSLATION
"Your poetry is so difficult that no one can understand it but you and
mother Sarasvati, the goddess of learning.
PURPORT
Replying to Kesava Kasmiri sarcastically, Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu
indirectly minimized the value of his poetry by saying, "Yes, your
compositions are so nice that no one but you and your worshipable mother,
the goddess of learning, can understand them." Kesava Kasmiri was a
favorite devotee of mother Sarasvati, the goddess of learning, but
Caitanya Mahaprabhu, as the master of the goddess of learning, has the
right to speak sarcastically of her devotees. In other words, although
Kesava Kasmiri was proud of being favored by the goddess of learning, he
did not know that she is controlled by Caitanya Mahaprabhu Himself
because He is the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
Adi 16.39
TEXT 39
TEXT
eka slokera artha yadi kara nija-mukhe
suni' saba loka tabe paiba bada-sukhe
SYNONYMS
eka -- one; slokera -- of a verse; artha -- the meaning; yadi -- if;
kara -- you do; nija-mukhe -- by your own mouth; suni' -- hearing; saba -
- all; loka -- persons; tabe -- thereafter; paiba -- we shall get; bada -
- sukhe -- with great happiness.
TRANSLATION
"But if you explain the meaning of one verse, we can all hear it from
your own mouth and thus be very happy."
Adi 16.40
TEXT 40
TEXT
tabe digvijayi vyakhyara sloka puchila
sata slokera eka sloka prabhu ta' padila
SYNONYMS
tabe -- thereafter; dig-vijayi -- Kesava Kasmiri; vyakhyara -- for
explanation; sloka -- a verse; puchila -- inquired about; sata -- one
hundred; slokera -- of the verses; eka -- one; sloka -- verse; prabhu --
the Lord; ta' -- then; padila -- recited.
TRANSLATION
The Digvijayi, Kesava Kasmiri, inquired which verse He wanted explained.
The Lord then recited one of the one hundred verses Kesava Kasmiri had
composed.
Adi 16.41
TEXT 41
TEXT
mahattvam gangayah satatam idam abhati nitaram
yad esa sri-visnos carana-kamalotpatti-subhaga
dvitiya-sri-laksmir iva sura-narair arcya-carana
bhavani-bhartur ya sirasi vibhavaty adbhuta-guna
SYNONYMS
mahattvam -- greatness; gangayah -- of mother Ganges; satatam -- always;
idam -- this; abhati -- shines; nitaram -- without comparison; yat --
because; esa -- she; sri-visnoh -- of Lord Visnu; carana -- feet; kamala
-- lotus flower; utpatti -- generation; subhaga -- fortunate; dvitiya --
second; sri -- beautiful; laksmih -- goddess of fortune; iva -- like;
sura-naraih -- by demigods and human beings; arcya -- worshipable;
carana -- feet; bhavani -- of goddess Durga; bhartuh -- of the husband;
ya -- she; sirasi -- on the head; vibhavati -- flourishes; adbhuta --
wonderful; guna -- qualities.
TRANSLATION
"The greatness of mother Ganges always brilliantly exists. She is the
most fortunate because she emanated from the lotus feet of Sri Visnu,
the Personality of Godhead. She is a second goddess of fortune, and
therefore she is always worshiped both by demigods and by humanity.
Endowed with all wonderful qualities, she flourishes on the head of Lord
Siva.'"
Adi 16.42
TEXT 42
TEXT
ei slokera artha kara' -- prabhu yadi baila
vismita hana digvijayi prabhure puchila
SYNONYMS
ei -- this; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- explanation; kara --
kindly do; prabhu -- Lord Caitanya; yadi -- when; baila -- said; vismita
-- struck with wonder; hana -- being; dig-vijayi -- the champion;
prabhure -- unto the Lord; puchila -- inquired.
TRANSLATION
When Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu asked him to explain the meaning of this
verse, the champion, very much astonished, inquired from Him as follows.
Adi 16.43
TEXT 43
TEXT
jhanjhavata-praya ami sloka padila
tara madhye sloka tumi kaiche kanthe kaila
SYNONYMS
jhanjha-vata -- the strong wind of a storm; praya -- like; ami -- I;
sloka -- verses; padila -- recited; tara -- of them; madhye -- in the
midst; sloka -- one verse; tumi -- You; kaiche -- how; kanthe -- within
the heart; kaila -- have taken.
TRANSLATION
"I recited all the verses like the blowing wind. How could You
completely learn by heart even one among those verses?"
Adi 16.44
TEXT 44
TEXT
prabhu kahe, devera vare tumi -- kavi-vara'
aiche devera vare keho haya srutidhara'
SYNONYMS
prabhu -- the Lord; kahe -- replied; devera -- of a superior power; vare
-- by benediction; tumi -- you; kavi-vara -- the most elevated poet;
aiche -- similarly; devera -- of the Lord; vare -- by the benediction;
keho -- someone; haya -- becomes; sruti-dhara -- one who can
immediately remember.
TRANSLATION
The Lord replied, "By the grace of the Lord someone may become a great
poet, and similarly by His grace someone else may become a great
sruti-dhara who can memorize anything immediately."
PURPORT
In this connection, sruti-dhara is a very important word. Sruti
means "hearing," and dhara means "one who can capture." Formerly, before
the beginning of Kali-yuga, almost everyone, especially among the
intelligent men, the brahmanas, was a sruti-dhara. As soon as a
student heard any of the Vedic wisdom from his master, he would remember
it forever. There was no need to refer to books, and therefore there
were no written books in those days. The spiritual master delivered the
Vedic hymns and their explanations to the student, who would then
remember them forever, without consulting books.
To become a sruti-dhara, one who can remember simply by hearing, is
a great achievement for a student. In the Bhagavad-gita (10.41) the Lord
says:
yad yad vibhutimat sattvam srimad urjitam eva va
tat tad evavagaccha tvam mama tejo-'msa-sambhavam
"Know that all opulent, beautiful and glorious creations spring from
but a spark of My splendor."
As soon as we find anything extraordinary, we should understand that
such an extraordinary manifestation is the special grace of the Supreme
Personality of Godhead. Therefore Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu replied to
the champion, Kesava Kasmiri, that just as he was greatly proud of being
a favorite devotee of mother Sarasvati, so someone else, like Caitanya
Mahaprabhu Himself, being favored by the Supreme Personality of Godhead,
could become a sruti-dhara and thus memorize anything immediately
simply by hearing it.
Adi 16.45
TEXT 45
TEXT
slokera artha kaila vipra paiya santosa
prabhu kahe -- kaha slokera kiba guna-dosa
SYNONYMS
slokera -- of the verse; artha -- explanation; kaila -- made; vipra --
the brahmana; paiya -- obtaining; santosa -- satisfaction; prabhu -- the
Lord; kahe -- said; kaha -- kindly speak; slokera -- of the verse; kiba -
- what are; guna -- qualities; dosa -- faults.
TRANSLATION
Satisfied by the statement of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the brahmana [
Kesava Kasmiri] explained the quoted verse. Then the Lord said, "Now
kindly explain the special qualities and faults in the verse."
PURPORT
Not only did Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu pick out this one among the one
hundred verses and remember it although the brahmana had recited them
like the blowing wind, but He also analyzed its qualities and faults.
Not only did He hear the verse, but He immediately made a critical study
of it.
Adi 16.46
TEXT 46
TEXT
vipra kahe sloke nahi dosera abhasa
upamalankara guna, kichu anuprasa
SYNONYMS
vipra kahe -- the brahmana replied; sloke -- in that verse; nahi --
there is not; dosera -- of fault; abhasa -- even a tinge; upama-alankara
-- simile or metaphor; guna -- quality; kichu -- something; anuprasa --
alliteration.
TRANSLATION
The brahmana replied, "There is not a tinge of fault in that verse.
Rather, it has the good qualities of similes and alliteration."
PURPORT
In the last line of the verse quoted by Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the
letter bha is repeated many times, as in the words bhavani, bhartur,
vibhavati and adbhuta. Such repetition is called anuprasa, or
alliteration. The words laksmir iva and visnos carana-kamalotpatti are
instances of upama-alankara, for they exhibit metaphorical beauty. The
Ganges is water, and Laksmi is the goddess of fortune. Since water and a
person are not actually similar, the comparison is metaphorical.
Adi 16.47
TEXT 47
TEXT
prabhu kahena, -- kahi, yadi na karaha rosa
kaha tomara ei sloke kiba ache dosa
SYNONYMS
prabhu kahena -- the Lord replied; kahi -- let Me say; yadi -- if; na --
do not; karaha -- you become; rosa -- angry; kaha -- please tell Me;
tomara -- your; ei sloke -- in this verse; kiba -- what; ache -- there
is; dosa -- fault.
TRANSLATION
The Lord said, "My dear sir, I may say something to you if you will not
become angry. Can you explain the faults in this verse?
Adi 16.48
TEXT 48
TEXT
pratibhara kavya tomara devata santose
bhala-mate vicarile jani guna-dose
SYNONYMS
pratibhara -- of ingenuity; kavya -- poetry; tomara -- your; devata --
the Lord; santose -- satisfies; bhala-mate -- scrutinizingly; vicarile --
on analyzing; jani -- I know; guna-dose -- there are faults and good
qualities also.
TRANSLATION
"There is no doubt that your poetry is full of ingenuity, and certainly
it has satisfied the Supreme Lord. Yet if we scrutinizingly consider it
we can find both good qualities and faults."
Adi 16.49
TEXT 49
TEXT
tate bhala kari' sloka karaha vicara
kavi kahe, -- ye kahile sei veda-sara
SYNONYMS
tate -- therefore; bhala -- very carefully; kari' -- doing it; sloka --
the verse; karaha -- do; vicara -- judgment; kavi kahe -- the poet said;
ye kahile -- what You have said; sei -- that is; veda-sara -- exactly
right.
TRANSLATION
The Lord concluded, "Now, therefore, let us carefully scrutinize this
verse."
The poet replied, "Yes, the verse You have recited is perfectly correct.
Adi 16.50
TEXT 50
TEXT
vyakaraniya tumi nahi pada alankara
tumi ki janibe ei kavitvera sara
SYNONYMS
vyakaraniya -- a student of grammar; tumi -- You are; nahi -- do not;
pada -- study; alankara -- poetic ornaments; tumi -- You; ki -- what;
janibe -- will know; ei -- this; kavitvera -- of poetic quality; sara --
review.
TRANSLATION
"You are an ordinary student of grammar. What do You know about literary
embellishments? You cannot review this poetry because You do not know
anything about it."
PURPORT
Kesava Kasmiri first wanted to bluff Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu by saying
that since He was not an advanced student in literary style, He could
not review a verse full of metaphors and literary ornaments. This
argument has some basis in fact. Unless one is a medical man he cannot
criticize a medical man, and unless one is a lawyer he cannot criticize
a lawyer. Therefore Kesava Kasmiri first depreciated the Lord's position.
Because Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu was to the champion a student of
grammar, how could He dare criticize a great poet like him? Lord
Caitanya, therefore, criticized the poet in a different way. He said
that although He was certainly not advanced in a literary career, He had
heard from others how to criticize such poetry, and as a sruti-
dhara, possessing a complete memory, He could understand the process for
such a review.
Adi 16.51
TEXT 51
TEXT
prabhu kahena -- ataeva puchiye tomare
vicariya guna-dosa bujhaha amare
SYNONYMS
prabhu kahena -- the Lord said; ataeva -- therefore; puchiye -- I am
asking; tomare -- you; vicariya -- completely reviewing; guna --
qualities; dosa -- faults; bujhaha -- teach; amare -- Me.
TRANSLATION
Taking a humble position, Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu said, "Because I am
not on your level, I have asked you to teach Me by explaining the faults
and good qualities in your poetry.
Adi 16.52
TEXT 52
TEXT
nahi padi alankara, kariyachi sravana
tate ei sloke dekhi bahu dosa-guna
SYNONYMS
nahi padi -- I do not study; alankara -- the art of literary
embellishment; kariyachi -- I have done; sravana -- hearing; tate -- by
that; ei sloke -- in this verse; dekhi -- I see; bahu -- many; dosa --
faults; guna -- good qualities.
TRANSLATION
"Certainly I have not studied the art of literary embellishments. But I
have heard about it from higher circles, and thus I can review this
verse and find in it many faults and many good qualities."
PURPORT
The statement kariyachi sravana ("I have heard it") is very important in
the sense that hearing is more important than directly studying or
perceiving. If one is expert in hearing and hears from the right source,
his knowledge is immediately perfect. This process is called srauta-
pantha, or the acquisition of knowledge by hearing from authorities. All
Vedic knowledge is based on the principle that one must approach a bona
fide spiritual master and hear from him the authoritative statements of
the Vedas. It is not necessary for one to be a highly polished literary
man to receive knowledge; to receive perfect knowledge from a perfect
person, one must be expert in hearing. This is called the descending
process of deductive knowledge, or avaroha-pantha.
Adi 16.53
TEXT 53
TEXT
kavi kahe, -- kaha dekhi, kon guna-dosa
prabhu kahena, -- kahi, suna, na kariha rosa
SYNONYMS
kavi kahe -- the poet said; kaha dekhi -- You say "I see"; kon -- what;
guna -- good qualities; dosa -- faults; prabhu kahena -- the Lord
replied; kahi -- let Me say; suna -- please hear; na -- do not; kariha --
become; rosa -- angry.
TRANSLATION
The poet said, "All right, let me see what good qualities and faults You
have found."
The Lord replied, "Let Me speak, and please hear Me without becoming
angry.
Adi 16.54
TEXT 54
TEXT
panca dosa ei sloke panca alankara
krame ami kahi, suna, karaha vicara
SYNONYMS
panca -- five; dosa -- faults; ei sloke -- in this verse; panca -- five;
alankara -- literary embellishments; krame -- one after another; ami --
I; kahi -- say; suna -- kindly hear; karaha -- give; vicara -- judgment.
TRANSLATION
"My dear sir, in this verse there are five faults and five literary
ornaments. I shall state them one after another. Kindly hear Me and then
give your judgment.
PURPORT
In the verse beginning with mahattvam gangayah there are five literary
ornaments and five examples of faulty composition. There are two
examples of the fault called avimrsta-vidheyamsa and one example each of
the faults viruddha-mati, punar-ukti and bhagna-krama.
Vimrsta means "clean," and vidheyamsa means "predicate." It is a general
rule of composition to establish a subject first and then give its
predicate. For example, according to Sanskrit grammar if one says, "This
man is learned," his composition is in order. But if one says, "Learned
is this man," the composition is not in order. Such a flaw is called
avimrsta-vidheyamsa-dosa, or the fault of unclean composition. The
subject matter to be known of the verse is the glorification of the
Ganges, and therefore the word idam ("this"), or what is known, should
have been placed before instead of after the glorification. The subject
matter already known should be placed before the unknown so that its
meaning will not be misconstrued.
The second instance of avimrsta-vidheyamsa-dosa occurs in the words
dvitiya-sri-laksmir iva. In this composition the word dvitiya ("
second") is vidheya, or unknown. Placing the unknown first to make the
compound word dvitiya-sri-laksmir is another fault. The words
dvitiya-sri-laksmir iva were intended to compare the Ganges to
the goddess of fortune, but because of this fault the meaning of the
compound word was bewildering.
The third fault is that of viruddha-mati, or contradictory conception,
in the words bhavani-bhartuh. The word bhavani refers to the wife of
Bhava, Lord Siva. But since Bhavani is already known as the wife of Lord
Siva, to add the word bharta, "husband," thus forming a compound meaning
"the husband of the wife of Lord Siva," is contradictory, for thus it
appears as if the wife of Lord Siva had another husband.
The fourth fault is punar-ukti, or redundancy, which occurs when the
verb vibhavati ("flourishes"), which should have ended the composition,
is further qualified by the unnecessary adjective adbhuta-guna ("endowed
with wonderful qualities"). The fifth fault is bhagna-krama, which means
"broken order." In the first, third and fourth lines there is anuprasa,
or alliteration, created by the sounds ta, ra and bha, but in the second
line there is no such anuprasa, and therefore the order is broken.
Adi 16.55
TEXT 55
TEXT
avimrsta-vidheyamsa' -- dui thani cihna
viruddha-mati', bhagna-krama', punar-atta', -- dosa tina
SYNONYMS
avimrsta-vidheyamsa -- unclean composition; dui thani -- in two places;
cihna -- symptoms; viruddha-mati -- a contradictory conception; bhagna-
krama -- broken order; punar-atta -- redundancy (also called punar-ukti);
dosa -- faults; tina -- three.
TRANSLATION
"In this verse the fault of avimrsta-vidheyamsa occurs twice, and the
faults of viruddha-mati, bhagna-krama and punar-atta occur once each.
Adi 16.56
TEXT 56
TEXT
gangara mahattva' -- sloke mula vidheya'
idam sabde anuvada' -- pache avidheya
SYNONYMS
gangara mahattva -- glorification of mother Ganges; sloke -- in the
verse; mula -- chief; vidheya -- unknown; idam sabde -- by the
word idam ("this"); anuvada -- the known; pache -- at the end; avidheya -
- improper.
TRANSLATION
"The glorification of the Ganges [mahattvam gangayah] is the principal
unknown subject matter in this verse, and the known subject matter is
indicated by the word idam,' which has been placed after the unknown.
Adi 16.57
TEXT 57
TEXT
vidheya' age kahi' pache kahile anuvada'
ei lagi' slokera artha kariyache badha
SYNONYMS
vidheya -- what is unknown; age -- first; kahi' -- after speaking; pache
-- at the end; kahile -- if one speaks; anuvada -- known things; ei lagi'
-- for this reason; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- meaning;
kariyache -- has been made; badha -- objectionable.
TRANSLATION
"Because you have placed the known subject at the end and that which is
unknown at the beginning, the composition is faulty, and the meaning of
the words has become doubtful.
Adi 16.58
TEXT 58
TEXT
anuvadam anuktvaiva
na vidheyam udirayet
na hy alabdhaspadam kincit
kutracit pratitisthati
SYNONYMS
anuvadam -- things already known; anuktva -- without mentioning; eva --
certainly; na -- not; vidheyam -- unknown subject matters; udirayet --
one should mention; na -- not; hi -- certainly; alabdha-aspadam --
without having achieved a proper place; kincit -- something; kutracit --
anywhere; pratitisthati -- has a position.
TRANSLATION
"Without first mentioning what is known, one should not introduce the
unknown, for that which has no solid basis can never be established
anywhere.'
PURPORT
This is a verse from the Ekadasi-tattva.
Adi 16.59
TEXT 59
TEXT
dvitiya sri-laksmi' -- ihan dvitiyatva' vidheya
samase gauna haila, sabdartha gela ksaya
SYNONYMS
dvitiya sri-laksmi -- the word dvitiya-sri-laksmi ("a second all-
opulent goddess of fortune"); ihan -- this; dvitiyatva -- the
quality of being a second; vidheya -- the unknown, which is to be
explained; samase -- in the compound word; gauna -- secondary; haila --
became; sabda -- artha -- the word's intended meaning; gela -- became;
ksaya -- lost.
TRANSLATION
"In the word dvitiya-sri-laksmi' [a second all-opulent
goddess of fortune'], the quality of being a second Laksmi is the
unknown. In making this compound word, the meaning became secondary and
the originally intended meaning was lost.
Adi 16.60
TEXT 60
TEXT
dvitiya' sabda -- vidheya taha padila samase
laksmira samata' artha karila vinase
SYNONYMS
dvitiya sabda -- the word dvitiya ("second"); vidheya --
the unknown; taha -- that; padila -- joined; samase -- in the compound
word; laksmira -- with Laksmi; samata -- equality; artha -- meaning;
karila -- became; vinase -- lost.
TRANSLATION
"Because the word dvitiya' [second'] is the unknown, in its
combination in this compound word the intended meaning of equality with
Laksmi is lost.
Adi 16.61
TEXT 61
TEXT
avimrsta-vidheyamsa' -- ei dosera nama
ara eka dosa ache, suna savadhana
SYNONYMS
avimrsta-vidheyamsa -- avimrsta-vidheyamsa; ei -- this; dosera -- of the
fault; nama -- the name; ara -- another; eka -- one; dosa -- fault; ache
-- there is; suna -- hear; savadhana -- carefully.
TRANSLATION
"Not only is there the fault avimrsta-vidheyamsa, but there is also
another fault, which I shall point out to you. Kindly hear Me with great
attention.
Adi 16.62
TEXT 62
TEXT
bhavani-bhartr'-sabda dile paiya santosa
viruddha-mati-krt' nama ei maha dosa
SYNONYMS
bhavani-bhartr sabda -- the word bhavani-bhartr ("
the husband of Bhavani"); dile -- you have placed; paiya -- getting;
santosa -- very much satisfaction; viruddha-mati-krt --
a statement of opposing elements; nama -- named; ei -
- this; maha -- great; dosa -- fault.
TRANSLATION
"Here is another great fault. You have arranged the word bhavani-bhartr'
to your great satisfaction, but this betrays the fault of contradiction.
Adi 16.63
TEXT 63
TEXT
bhavani-sabde kahe mahadevera grhini
tanra bharta kahile dvitiya bharta jani
SYNONYMS
bhavani sabde -- by the word bhavani; kahe -- is mentioned;
mahadevera -- of Lord Siva; grhini -- the wife; tanra -- her; bharta --
husband; kahile -- if we say; dvitiya -- second; bharta -- husband; jani
-- we understand.
TRANSLATION
"The word bhavani' means ‘the wife of Lord Siva.' But when we mention
her husband, one might conclude that she has another husband.
Adi 16.64
TEXT 64
TEXT
siva-patnira bharta' iha sunite viruddha
viruddha-mati-krt' sabda sastre nahe suddha
SYNONYMS
siva-patnira -- of the wife of Lord Siva; bharta -- husband; iha -- this;
sunite -- to hear; viruddha -- contradiction; viruddha-mati-krt -- that
which creates a contradiction; sabda -- such a word; sastre -- in the
scriptures; nahe -- is not; suddha -- pure.
TRANSLATION
"It is contradictory to hear that Lord Siva's wife has another husband.
The use of such words in literature creates the fault called viruddha-
mati-krt.
Adi 16.65
TEXT 65
TEXT
brahmana-patnira bhartara haste deha dana'
sabda sunitei haya dvitiya-bharta jnana
SYNONYMS
brahmana-patnira -- of the wife of a brahmana; bhartara -- of the
husband; haste -- in the hand; deha -- give; dana -- charity; sabda --
these words; sunitei -- hearing; haya -- there is; dvitiya-bharta --
another husband; jnana -- knowledge.
TRANSLATION
"If someone says, Place this charity in the hand of the husband of the
wife of the brahmana,' when we hear these contradictory words we
immediately understand that the brahmana's wife has another husband.
Adi 16.66
TEXT 66
TEXT
vibhavati' kriyaya vakya -- sanga, punah visesana
adbhuta-guna' -- ei punar-atta dusana
SYNONYMS
vibhavati kriyaya -- by the verb vibhavati ("
flourishes"); vakya -- statement; sanga -- complete; punah -- again;
visesana adbhuta-guna -- the adjective adbhuta-guna ("wonderful
qualities"); ei -- this; punar-atta -- repetition of the same word;
dusana -- fault.
TRANSLATION
"The statement by the word vibhavati' [flourishes'] is complete.
Qualifying it with the adjective adbhuta-guna' [wonderful qualities']
creates the fault of redundancy.
Adi 16.67
TEXT 67
TEXT
tina pade anuprasa dekhi anupama
eka pade nahi, ei dosa bhagna-krama'
SYNONYMS
tina pade -- in three lines; anuprasa -- alliteration; dekhi -- I see;
anupama -- extraordinary; eka pade -- in one line; nahi -- there is not (
alliteration); ei dosa -- this fault; bhagna-krama -- deviation.
TRANSLATION
"There is extraordinary alliteration in three lines of the verse, but in
one line there is no such alliteration. This is the fault of deviation.
Adi 16.68
TEXT 68
TEXT
yadyapi ei sloke ache panca alankara
ei panca-dose sloka kaila charakhara
SYNONYMS
yadyapi -- although; ei sloke -- in this verse; ache -- there are; panca
-- five; alankara -- literary embellishments; ei panca -- dose -- by the
above-mentioned five faults; sloka -- the verse; kaila -- has been made;
charakhara -- spoiled.
TRANSLATION
"Although there are five literary ornaments decorating this verse, the
entire verse has been spoiled by these five most faulty presentations.
Adi 16.69
TEXT 69
TEXT
dasa alankare yadi eka sloka haya
eka dose saba alankara haya ksaya
SYNONYMS
dasa alankare -- with ten instances of literary ornamentation; yadi --
if; eka -- one; sloka -- verse; haya -- there is; eka dose -- by one
fault; saba -- all; alankara -- ornaments; haya ksaya -- become null and
void.
TRANSLATION
"If there are ten literary ornaments in a verse but even one faulty
expression, the entire verse is nullified.
Adi 16.70
TEXT 70
TEXT
sundara sarira yaiche bhusane bhusita
eka sveta-kusthe yaiche karaye vigita
SYNONYMS
sundara -- beautiful; sarira -- body; yaiche -- as; bhusane -- with
ornaments; bhusita -- decorated; eka -- one; sveta-kusthe -- with a
white spot of leprosy; yaiche -- as; karaye -- is made; vigita --
abominable.
TRANSLATION
"One's beautiful body may be decorated with jewels, but one spot of
white leprosy makes the entire body abominable.
PURPORT
The great sage Bharata Muni, an authority on poetic metaphor, has given
his opinion in this connection as follows.
Adi 16.71
TEXT 71
TEXT
rasalankara-vat kavyam
dosa-yuk ced vibhusitam
syad vapuh sundaram api
svitrenaikena durbhagam
SYNONYMS
rasa -- with humors; alankara-vat -- with ornaments (metaphors,
similes, etc.); kavyam -- poetry; dosa-yuk -- faulty; cet -- if;
vibhusitam -- very nicely decorated; syat -- it becomes so; vapuh -- the
body; sundaram -- beautiful; api -- even though; svitrena -- by a white
spot of leprosy; ekena -- one; durbhagam -- unfortunate.
TRANSLATION
"As one's body, although well-decorated with ornaments, is made
unfortunate by even one spot of white leprosy, so an entire poem is made
useless by a fault, despite alliteration, similes and metaphors.'
Adi 16.72
TEXT 72
TEXT
panca alankarera ebe sunaha vicara
dui sabdalankara, tina artha-alankara
SYNONYMS
panca -- five; alankarera -- of the literary embellishments; ebe -- now;
sunaha -- just hear; vicara -- description; dui -- two; sabda-alankara --
ornaments of sound or ornaments of words; tina -- three; artha-alankara
-- ornaments of meaning.
TRANSLATION
"Now hear the description of the five literary embellishments. There are
two ornaments of sound and three ornaments of meaning.
Adi 16.73
TEXT 73
TEXT
sabdalankara -- tina-pade ache anuprasa
sri-laksmi' sabde punar-uktavad-abhasa'
SYNONYMS
sabda-alankara -- ornamentation of sound; tina-pade -- in three lines;
ache -- there is; anuprasa -- alliteration; sri-laksmi --
sabde -- in the words sri-laksmi; punar-ukta-vat -- of repetition of the
same word; abhasa -- there is a tinge.
TRANSLATION
"There is a sound ornament of alliteration in three lines. And in the
combination of the words sri' and laksmi' there is the ornament of a
tinge of redundancy.
Adi 16.74
TEXT 74
TEXT
prathama-carane panca ta'-karera panti
trtiya-carane haya panca repha'-sthiti
SYNONYMS
prathama-carane -- in the first line; panca -- five; ta-karera -- of the
letter ta; panti -- very nice composition; trtiya-carane -- in the third
line; haya -- there is; panca -- five; repha -- of the letter ra; sthiti
-- composition.
TRANSLATION
"In the arrangement of the first line the letter ta' occurs five times,
and the arrangement of the third line repeats the letter ra' five times.
Adi 16.75
TEXT 75
TEXT
caturtha-carane cari bha'-kara-prakasa
ataeva sabdalankara anuprasa
SYNONYMS
caturtha-carane -- in the fourth line; cari -- four; bha-kara -- of the
letter bha; prakasa -- manifestations; ataeva -- therefore; sabda-
alankara -- ornamental use of different sounds; anuprasa -- alliteration.
TRANSLATION
"In the fourth line the letter bha' occurs four times. This arrangement
of alliteration is a pleasing ornamental use of sounds.
Adi 16.76
TEXT 76
TEXT
sri'-sabde, laksmi'-sabde -- eka vastu ukta
punar-ukta-praya bhase, nahe punar-ukta
SYNONYMS
sri-sabde -- by the word sri; laksmi-sabde -- by the word laksmi; eka
vastu -- one thing; ukta -- is indicated; punar-ukta-praya -- almost
repetition; bhase -- appears; nahe -- but actually it is not; punar-ukta
-- repetition.
TRANSLATION
"Although the words sri' and laksmi' convey the same meaning and are
therefore almost redundant, they are nevertheless not redundant.
Adi 16.77
TEXT 77
TEXT
sri-yukta laksmi' arthe arthera vibheda
punar-uktavad-abhasa, sabdalankara-bheda
SYNONYMS
sri-yukta laksmi -- Laksmi, possessed of opulence; arthe -- in the sense;
arthera -- of the meaning; vibheda -- difference; punar -- ukta-vad-
abhasa -- tinge of punar-ukta-vat; sabda-alankara -- ornamental use of
words; bheda -- different.
TRANSLATION
"Describing Laksmi as possessed of sri [opulence] offers a difference in
meaning with a tinge of repetition. This is the second ornamental use of
words.
Adi 16.78
TEXT 78
TEXT
laksmir iva' arthalankara -- upama-prakasa
ara arthalankara ache, nama -- virodhabhasa'
SYNONYMS
laksmir iva -- the words laksmir iva ("like Laksmi"); artha-alankara --
ornamental use of the meaning; upama -- analogy; prakasa --
manifestation; ara -- also; artha-alankara -- ornamental use of meaning;
ache -- there is; nama -- which is named; virodha-abhasa -- possibility
of contradiction.
TRANSLATION
"The use of the words ‘laksmir iva' [like Laksmi'] manifests the
ornament of meaning called upama [analogy]. There is also the further
ornament of meaning called virodhabhasa, or a contradictory
indication.
Adi 16.79
TEXT 79
TEXT
gangate kamala janme' -- sabara subodha
kamale gangara janma' -- atyanta virodha
SYNONYMS
gangate -- in the river Ganges; kamala -- lotus flower; janme -- grows;
sabara -- of everyone; subodha -- understanding; kamale -- in the lotus
flower; gangara -- of the Ganges; janma -- birth; atyanta -- very much;
virodha -- contradiction.
TRANSLATION
"Everyone knows that lotus flowers grow in the water of the Ganges. But
to say that the Ganges takes birth from a lotus flower seems extremely
contradictory.
Adi 16.80
TEXT 80
TEXT
ihan visnu-pada-padme gangara utpatti'
virodhalankara iha maha-camatkrti
SYNONYMS
ihan -- in this connection; visnu-pada-padme -- in the lotus feet of
Lord Visnu; gangara -- of mother Ganges; utpatti -- beginning; virodha --
contradiction; alankara -- literary decoration; iha -- it; maha -- very
great; camatkrti -- wonder.
TRANSLATION
"The existence of mother Ganges begins from the lotus feet of the Lord.
Although this statement that water comes from a lotus flower is a
contradiction, in connection with Lord Visnu it is a great wonder.
Adi 16.81
TEXT 81
TEXT
isvara-acintya-saktye gangara prakasa
ihate virodha nahi, virodha-abhasa
SYNONYMS
isvara-acintya-saktye -- by the inconceivable potency of the Supreme
Lord; gangara -- of the Ganges; prakasa -- emanation; ihate -- in this;
virodha nahi -- there is no contradiction; virodha-abhasa -- appears to
be a contradiction.
TRANSLATION
"In this birth of the Ganges by the inconceivable potency of the Lord,
there is no contradiction although it appears contradictory.
PURPORT
The central point of all Vaisnava philosophy is to accept the
inconceivable potency of Lord Visnu. What sometimes appears
contradictory from a material viewpoint is understandable in connection
with the Supreme Personality of Godhead because He can perform
contradictory activities by dint of His inconceivable potencies. Modern
scientists are puzzled. They cannot even explain how such a large
quantity of chemicals has formed the atmosphere. Scientists explain that
water is a combination of hydrogen and oxygen, but when asked where such
a large quantity of hydrogen and oxygen came from and how they combined
to manufacture the great oceans and seas, they cannot answer because
they are atheists who will not accept that everything comes from life.
Their thesis is that life comes from matter.
Where do all these chemicals come from? The answer is that they are
produced by the inconceivable energy of the Supreme Personality of
Godhead. Living entities are part of the Supreme Godhead, and from their
bodies come many chemicals. For example, the lemon tree is a living
entity that produces many lemons, and within each lemon is a great deal
of citric acid. Therefore, if even an insignificant living entity who is
but a part of the Supreme Lord can produce so much of a chemical, how
much potency there must be in the body of the Supreme Personality of
Godhead.
Scientists cannot perfectly explain where the chemicals of the world are
manufactured, but one can explain this perfectly by accepting the
inconceivable energy of the Supreme Lord. There is no reason for denying
this argument. Since there are potencies in the living entities who are
samples of the Personality of Godhead, how much potency there must be in
the Supreme Godhead Himself. As described in the Vedas, nityo nityanam
cetanas cetananam: "He is the chief eternal of all eternals and the
chief living entity among all living entities." (Katha Upanisad, 2.2.13)
Unfortunately, atheistic science will not accept that matter comes from
life. Scientists insist upon their most illogical and foolish theory
that life comes from matter, although this is quite impossible. They
cannot prove in their laboratories that matter can produce life, yet
there are thousands and thousands of examples illustrating that matter
comes from life. Therefore in Sri Caitanya-caritamrta Krsnadasa Kaviraja
Gosvami says that as soon as one accepts the inconceivable potency of
the Supreme Personality of Godhead, no great philosopher or scientist
can put forward any thesis to contradict the Lord's power. This is
expressed in the following Sanskrit verse.
Adi 16.82
TEXT 82
TEXT
ambujam ambuni jatam
kvacid api na jatam ambujad ambu
mura-bhidi tad-viparitam
padambhojan maha-nadi jata
SYNONYMS
ambujam -- lotus flower; ambuni -- in the water; jatam -- is grown;
kvacit -- at any time; api -- certainly; na -- not; jatam -- grown;
ambujat -- from a lotus flower; ambu -- water; mura-bhidi -- in Krsna,
the killer of Murasura; tat-viparitam -- just the opposite of
that; pada-ambhojat -- from the lotus flower of His feet; maha-nadi --
the great river; jata -- has grown.
TRANSLATION
"Everyone knows that lotus flowers grow in the water but water never
grows from a lotus. All such contradictions, however, are wonderfully
possible in Krsna: the great river Ganges has grown from His lotus feet.'
Adi 16.83
TEXT 83
TEXT
gangara mahattva -- sadhya, sadhana tahara
visnu-padotpatti -- anumana' alankara
SYNONYMS
gangara -- of the Ganges; mahattva -- opulences; sadhya -- subject
matter; sadhana -- means; tahara -- of that; visnu-pada-utpatti -- her
origin from the lotus feet of the Lord; anumana -- called anumana (
hypothesis); alankara -- an ornament.
TRANSLATION
"The real glory of mother Ganges is that she has grown from the lotus
feet of Lord Visnu. Such a hypothesis is another ornament, called
anumana.
Adi 16.84
TEXT 84
TEXT
sthula ei panca dosa, panca alankara
suksma vicariye yadi achaye apara
SYNONYMS
sthula -- gross; ei -- these; panca -- five; dosa -- faults; panca --
five; alankara -- literary ornaments; suksma -- in detail; vicariye --
we consider; yadi -- if; achaye -- there are; apara -- unlimited.
TRANSLATION
"I have simply discussed the five gross faults and five literary
embellishments of this verse, but if we consider it in fine detail we
will find unlimited faults.
Adi 16.85
TEXT 85
TEXT
pratibha, kavitva tomara devata-prasade
avicara kavye avasya pade dosa-badhe
SYNONYMS
pratibha -- ingenuity; kavitva -- poetic imagination; tomara -- your;
devata -- of a demigod; prasade -- by the grace; avicara -- without good
judgment; kavye -- in the poetry; avasya -- certainly; pade -- there is;
dosa -- fault; badhe -- obstruction.
TRANSLATION
"You have achieved poetic imagination and ingenuity by the grace of your
worshipable demigod. But poetry not well reviewed is certainly subject
to criticism.
Adi 16.86
TEXT 86
TEXT
vicari' kavitva kaile haya sunirmala
salankara haile artha kare jhalamala
SYNONYMS
vicari' -- with proper consideration; kavitva -- poetic explanation;
kaile -- if done; haya -- it becomes; sunirmala -- very pure; sa-
alankara -- with metaphorical use of words; haile -- if it is; artha --
meaning; kare -- does; jhalamala -- dazzle.
TRANSLATION
"Poetic skill used with due consideration is very pure, and with
metaphors and analogies it is dazzling."
Adi 16.87
TEXT 87
TEXT
suniya prabhura vyakhya digvijayi vismita
mukhe na nihsare vakya, pratibha stambhita
SYNONYMS
suniya -- hearing; prabhura -- of the Lord; vyakhya -- explanation; dig-
vijayi -- the champion; vismita -- struck with wonder; mukhe -- in the
mouth; na -- did not; nihsare -- come out; vakya -- words; pratibha --
ingenuity; stambhita -- choked up.
TRANSLATION
After hearing the explanation of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the champion
poet was struck with wonder. His cleverness stunned, he could not say
anything.
Adi 16.88
TEXT 88
TEXT
kahite cahaye kichu, na aise uttara
tabe vicaraye mane ha-iya phanphara
SYNONYMS
kahite -- to speak; cahaye -- wants; kichu -- something; na -- not; aise
-- comes; uttara -- any reply; tabe -- thereafter; vicaraye -- considers;
mane -- within the mind; ha-iya -- becoming; phanphara -- puzzled.
TRANSLATION
He wanted to say something, but no reply would come from his mouth. He
then began to consider this puzzle within his mind.
Adi 16.89
TEXT 89
TEXT
paduya balaka kaila mora buddhi lopa
jani -- sarasvati more kariyachena kopa
SYNONYMS
paduya -- student; balaka -- a boy; kaila -- made; mora -- my; buddhi --
intelligence; lopa -- lost; jani -- I can understand; sarasvati --
mother Sarasvati; more -- with me; kariyachena -- must have been; kopa --
angry.
TRANSLATION
"This mere boy has blocked my intelligence. I can therefore understand
that mother Sarasvati has become angry with me.
PURPORT
In the Bhagavad-gita it is clearly said that all intelligence comes from
the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is situated in everyone's heart
as the Paramatma. The Paramatma gave the pandita the intelligence to
understand that because he was proud of his learning and wanted to
defeat even the Supreme Lord, by the will of the Lord and through the
agency of mother Sarasvati he had been defeated. One should not,
therefore, be too proud of one's position. Even if one is a greatly
learned scholar, if he commits an offense to the lotus feet of the Lord
he will not be able to speak properly, in spite of his learning. In
every respect, we are controlled. Our only duty, therefore, is to
surrender always to the lotus feet of the Lord and not be falsely proud.
Mother Sarasvati created this situation to favor the champion pandita so
that he might surrender unto Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
Adi 16.90
TEXT 90
TEXT
ye vyakhya karila, se manusyera nahe sakti
nimani-mukhe rahi' bale apane sarasvati
SYNONYMS
ye vyakhya -- which explanation; karila -- He has made; se -- that;
manusyera -- of any human being; nahe -- there is not; sakti -- power;
nimani-mukhe -- in the mouth of this boy Nimai; rahi' -- remaining; bale
-- speaks; apane -- personally; sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati.
TRANSLATION
"The wonderful explanation the boy has given could not have been
possible for a human being. Therefore mother Sarasvati must have spoken
personally through His mouth."
Adi 16.91
TEXT 91
TEXT
eta bhavi' kahe -- suna, nimani pandita
tava vyakhya suni' ami ha-ilan vismita
SYNONYMS
eta bhavi -- thinking like this; kahe -- the pandita says; suna -- hear;
nimani pandita -- O Nimai Pandita; tava -- Your; vyakhya -- explanations;
suni' -- hearing; ami -- I; ha-ilan -- have become; vismita -- struck
with wonder.
TRANSLATION
Thinking thus, the pandita said, "My dear Nimai Pandita, please hear me.
Hearing Your explanation, I am simply struck with wonder.
Adi 16.92
TEXT 92
TEXT
alankara nahi pada, nahi sastrabhyasa
kemane e saba artha karile prakasa
SYNONYMS
alankara -- the literary use of words; nahi pada -- You never read; nahi
-- nor is there; sastra-abhyasa -- long practice in the discussion of
the sastras; kemane -- by which method; e saba -- all these; artha --
explanations; karile -- You have made; prakasa -- manifestation.
TRANSLATION
"I am surprised. You are not a literary student and do not have long
experience in studying the sastras. How have You been able to explain
all these critical points?"
Adi 16.93
TEXT 93
TEXT
iha suni' mahaprabhu ati bada rangi
tanhara hrdaya jani' kahe kari' bhangi
SYNONYMS
iha suni' -- hearing this; mahaprabhu -- Caitanya Mahaprabhu; ati --
very; bada -- much; rangi -- funny; tanhara -- his; hrdaya -- heart;
jani' -- understanding; kahe -- says; kari' -- doing; bhangi --
indication.
TRANSLATION
Hearing this and understanding the pandita's heart, Sri Caitanya
Mahaprabhu replied in a humorous way.
Adi 16.94
TEXT 94
TEXT
sastrera vicara bhala-manda nahi jani
sarasvati ye balaya, sei bali vani
SYNONYMS
sastrera vicara -- discussion of sastra; bhala-manda -- good or bad;
nahi jani -- do not know; sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati; ye balaya --
whatever she speaks; sei -- those; bali -- I say; vani -- words.
TRANSLATION
"My dear sir, I do not know what is good composition and what is bad.
But whatever I have spoken must be understood to have been spoken by
mother Sarasvati."
Adi 16.95
TEXT 95
TEXT
iha suni' digvijayi karila niscaya
sisu-dvare devi more kaila parajaya
SYNONYMS
iha suni' -- hearing this; dig-vijayi -- the champion; karila --
admitted; niscaya -- decision; sisu-dvare -- through this boy; devi --
mother Sarasvati; more -- unto me; kaila -- has done; parajaya -- defeat.
TRANSLATION
When he heard this judgment from Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the pandita
sorrowfully wondered why mother Sarasvati wanted to defeat him through a
small boy.
Adi 16.96
TEXT 96
TEXT
aji tanre nivediba, kari' japa-dhyana
sisu-dvare kaila more eta apamana
SYNONYMS
aji -- today; tanre -- unto her; nivediba -- I shall offer my prayers;
kari' -- performing; japa -- chanting; dhyana -- meditation; sisu-dvare -
- through a boy; kaila -- has done; more -- unto me; eta -- so much;
apamana -- insult.
TRANSLATION
"I shall offer prayers and meditation to the goddess of learning," the
champion concluded, "and ask her why she has insulted me so greatly
through this boy."
Adi 16.97
TEXT 97
TEXT
vastutah sarasvati asuddha sloka karaila
vicara-samaya tanra buddhi acchadila
SYNONYMS
vastutah -- in fact; sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati; asuddha -- impure;
sloka -- verse; karaila -- caused him to compose; vicara-samaya -- at
the time of reviewing; tanra -- his; buddhi -- intelligence; acchadila --
covered.
TRANSLATION
Sarasvati had in fact induced the champion to compose his verse in an
impure way. Furthermore, when it was discussed she covered his
intelligence, and thus the Lord's intelligence was triumphant.
Adi 16.98
TEXT 98
TEXT
tabe sisya-gana saba hasite lagila
ta'-saba nisedhi' prabhu kavire kahila
SYNONYMS
tabe -- at that time; sisya-gana -- the disciples; saba -- all; hasite --
to laugh; lagila -- began; ta'-saba -- all of them; nisedhi' --
forbidding; prabhu -- the Lord; kavire -- unto the poet; kahila --
addressed.
TRANSLATION
When the poetic champion was thus defeated, all the Lord's disciples
sitting there began to laugh loudly. But Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu asked
them not to do so, and He addressed the poet as follows.
Adi 16.99
TEXT 99
TEXT
tumi bada pandita, mahakavi-siromani
yanra mukhe bahiraya aiche kavya-vani
SYNONYMS
tumi -- you; bada pandita -- greatly learned scholar; maha-kavi -- of
all great poets; siromani -- the topmost; yanra -- of whom; mukhe -- in
the mouth; bahiraya -- emanates; aiche -- such; kavya-vani -- poetic
language.
TRANSLATION
"You are the most learned scholar and the topmost of all great poets,
for otherwise how could such fine poetry come from your mouth?
Adi 16.100
TEXT 100
TEXT
tomara kavitva yena ganga-jala-dhara
toma-sama kavi kotha nahi dekhi ara
SYNONYMS
tomara -- your; kavitva -- poetic ingenuity; yena -- like; ganga-jala-
dhara -- the flowing of the waters of the Ganges; toma-sama -- like you;
kavi -- poet; kotha -- anywhere; nahi -- not; dekhi -- I see; ara --
anyone else.
TRANSLATION
"Your poetic skill is like the constant flow of the waters of the Ganges.
I find no one in the world who can compete with you.
Adi 16.101
TEXT 101
TEXT
bhavabhuti, jayadeva, ara kalidasa
tan-sabara kavitve ache dosera prakasa
SYNONYMS
bhavabhuti -- Bhavabhuti; jayadeva -- Jayadeva;
ara -- and; kalidasa -- Kalidasa; tan-sabara -- of all of
them; kavitve -- in the poetic power; ache -- there is; dosera -- of
faults; prakasa -- manifestation.
TRANSLATION
"Even in the poetic compositions of such great poets as Bhavabhuti,
Jayadeva and Kalidasa there are many examples of faults.
Adi 16.102
TEXT 102
TEXT
dosa-guna-vicara -- ei alpa kari' mani
kavitva-karane sakti, tanha se vakhani
SYNONYMS
dosa-guna-vicara -- therefore to criticize one's poetry as good or bad;
ei -- this; alpa -- negligible; kari' -- making; mani -- I consider;
kavitva -- poetic ingenuity; karane -- in performing; sakti -- power;
tanha -- that; se -- we; vakhani -- describe.
TRANSLATION
"Such mistakes should be considered negligible. One should see only how
such poets have displayed their poetic power.
PURPORT
In Srimad-Bhagavatam (1.5.11) it is said:
tad-vag-visargo janatagha-viplavo
yasmin prati-slokam abaddhavaty api
namany anantasya yaso 'nkitani yat
srnvanti gayanti grnanti sadhavah
"In explaining the glories of the Lord, inexperienced men may compose
poetry with many faults, but because it contains glorification of the
Lord, great personalities read it, hear it and chant it."
Despite its minute literary discrepancies, one must study poetry on the
merit of its subject matter. According to Vaisnava philosophy, any
literature that glorifies the Lord, whether properly written or not, is
first class. There need be no other considerations. The poetic
compositions of Bhavabhuti, or Srikantha, include Malati-madhava,
Uttara-carita, Vira-carita and many similar Sanskrit dramas. This
great poet was born during the time of Bhojaraja as the son of
Nilakantha, a brahmana. Kalidasa flourished during the time of Maharaja
Vikramaditya, and he became the state poet. He composed some thirty or
forty Sanskrit dramas, including Kumara-sambhava, Abhijnana-sakuntala
and Megha-duta. His drama Raghu-vamsa is especially famous. We have
already described Jayadeva in Chapter Thirteen of the Adi-lila.
Adi 16.103
TEXT 103
TEXT
saisava-capalya kichu na labe amara
sisyera samana muni na han tomara
SYNONYMS
saisava -- childish; capalya -- impudence; kichu -- anything; na -- do
not; labe -- please take; amara -- My; sisyera -- of disciples; samana --
the equal; muni -- I; na -- not; han -- am; tomara -- your.
TRANSLATION
"I am not even fit to be your disciple. Therefore kindly do not take
seriously whatever childish impudence I have shown.
Adi 16.104
TEXT 104
TEXT
aji vasa' yaha, kali miliba abara
suniba tomara mukhe sastrera vicara
SYNONYMS
aji -- today; vasa' -- resting place; yaha -- go back; kali -- tomorrow;
miliba -- we will meet; abara -- again; suniba -- I shall hear; tomara
mukhe -- from your mouth; sastrera -- on the sastras; vicara --
discussion.
TRANSLATION
"Please go back home, and tomorrow we may meet again so that I may hear
discourses on the sastras from your mouth."
Adi 16.105
TEXT 105
TEXT
ei-mate nija ghare gela dui jana
kavi ratre kaila sarasvati-aradhana
SYNONYMS
ei-mate -- in this way; nija ghare -- to their respective homes; gela --
went back; dui jana -- both of them; kavi -- poet; ratre -- at night;
kaila -- performed; sarasvati -- of mother Sarasvati; aradhana --
worship.
TRANSLATION
In this way both the poet and Caitanya Mahaprabhu went back to their
homes, and at night the poet worshiped mother Sarasvati.
Adi 16.106
TEXT 106
TEXT
sarasvati svapne tanre upadesa kaila
saksat isvara kari' prabhuke janila
SYNONYMS
sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati; svapne -- in a dream; tanre -- unto him;
upadesa -- advice; kaila -- gave; saksat -- directly; isvara -- the
Supreme Person; kari'-accepting; prabhuke -- the Lord; janila -- he
understood.
TRANSLATION
In a dream the goddess informed him of the Lord's position, and the
poetic champion could understand that Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu is the
Supreme Personality of Godhead Himself.
Adi 16.107
TEXT 107
TEXT
prate asi' prabhu-pade la-ila sarana
prabhu krpa kaila, tanra khandila bandhana
SYNONYMS
prate -- in the morning; asi' -- coming back; prabhu-pade -- at the
lotus feet of the Lord; la-ila -- took; sarana -- shelter; prabhu -- the
Lord; krpa -- mercy; kaila -- showed; tanra -- his; khandila -- cut off;
bandhana -- all bondage.
TRANSLATION
The next morning the poet came to Lord Caitanya and surrendered unto
His lotus feet. The Lord bestowed His mercy upon him and cut off all his
bondage to material attachment.
PURPORT
The same process advocated by Lord Sri Krsna in His teachings of the
Bhagavad-gita as it is -- "Surrender unto Me in all instances" -- was
advocated by Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu. The champion surrendered unto the
Lord, and the Lord favored him. One who is favored by the Lord is freed
from material bondage, as stated in the Bhagavad-gita (4.9): tyaktva
deham punar janma naiti mam eti so 'rjuna.
Adi 16.108
TEXT 108
TEXT
bhagyavanta digvijayi saphala-jivana
vidya-bale paila mahaprabhura carana
SYNONYMS
bhagyavanta -- very fortunate; dig-vijayi -- the poetic champion; sa-
phala -- successful; jivana -- life; vidya-bale -- by the strength of
learning; paila -- got; maha-prabhura -- of Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu;
carana -- lotus feet.
TRANSLATION
The poetic champion was certainly most fortunate. His life was
successful by dint of his vast learning and erudite scholarship, and
thus he attained the shelter of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
PURPORT
Sri Narottama dasa Thakura has sung that the best qualification for
taking shelter of the lotus feet of Lord Caitanya is to be the most
fallen because the Lord came specifically to deliver the fallen souls.
In this age there are very few scholars. Almost everyone is a fallen
meat-eater, drunkard, woman-hunter or gambler. Such persons are never
considered learned scholars, even if they pose as such. Because these so-
called scholars superficially see that Caitanya Mahaprabhu associates
with the fallen souls, they think that He is meant for a lower class of
men but that they do not need Him. Thus such scholars do not take to the
Krsna consciousness movement. To be puffed up with false learning,
therefore, is a disqualification for accepting the Krsna consciousness
movement. But here is a special example, for although the poetic
champion was a greatly learned scholar, the Lord also favored him
because of his humble submission.
Adi 16.109
TEXT 109
TEXT
e-saba lila varniyachena vrndavana-dasa
ye kichu visesa ihan karila prakasa
SYNONYMS
e-saba -- all these; lila -- pastimes; varniyachena -- has described;
vrndavana-dasa -- Vrndavana dasa Thakura; ye kichu -- whatever; visesa --
specifics; ihan -- in this connection; karila -- I have made; prakasa --
presentation.
TRANSLATION
Srila Vrndavana dasa Thakura has described all these incidents
elaborately. I have only presented the specific incidents he has not
described.
Adi 16.110
TEXT 110
TEXT
caitanya-gosanira lila -- amrtera dhara
sarvendriya trpta haya sravane yahara
SYNONYMS
caitanya-gosanira lila -- the pastimes of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu;
amrtera dhara -- drops of nectar; sarva-indriya -- all senses; trpta --
satisfied; haya -- become; sravane -- by hearing; yahara -- of them all.
TRANSLATION
The nectarean drops of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu's pastimes can satisfy
the senses of everyone who hears them.
Adi 16.111
TEXT 111
TEXT
sri-rupa-raghunatha-pade yara asa
caitanya-caritamrta kahe krsnadasa
SYNONYMS
sri-rupa -- Srila Rupa Gosvami; raghunatha -- Srila Raghunatha dasa
Gosvami; pade -- at the lotus feet; yara -- whose; asa -- expectation;
Caitanya-caritamrta -- the book named Caitanya-caritamrta; kahe --
describes; krsnadasa -- Srila Krsnadasa Kaviraja Gosvami.
TRANSLATION
Praying at the lotus feet of Sri Rupa and Sri Raghunatha, always
desiring their mercy, I, Krsnadasa, narrate Sri Caitanya-caritamrta,
following in their footsteps.
Thus end the Bhaktivedanta purports to Sri Caitanya-caritamrta,
Adi-lila, Sixteenth Chapter, describing the pastimes of the Lord in His
childhood and youth.
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