\\psf\Home\Desktop\Cc-2003\adi 3--2003.TXT
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Adi 3: The External Reasons for the Appearance of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu
Chapter 3:
The External Reasons for the Appearance of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu
In this chapter the author has fully discussed the external reasons for
the descent of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu. The Supreme Personality of
Godhead, Lord Sri Krsna, after displaying His pastimes as Lord Krsna,
thought it wise to make His advent in the form of a devotee to explain
personally the transcendental mellows of reciprocal service and love
exchanged between Himself and His servants, friends, parents and
fiancies. According to the Vedic literature, the foremost occupational
duty for humanity in this Age of Kali is nama-sankirtana, or
congregational chanting of the holy name of the Lord. The incarnation
for this age especially preaches this process, but only Krsna Himself
can explain the confidential loving service performed in the four
principal varieties of loving affairs between the Supreme Lord and His
devotees. Lord Krsna therefore personally appeared, with His plenary
portions, as Lord Caitanya. As stated in this chapter, it was for this
purpose that Lord Krsna appeared personally in Navadvipa in the form of
Sri Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
Krsnadasa Kaviraja has herein presented much authentic evidence from
Srimad-Bhagavatam and other scriptures to substantiate the identity of
Lord Caitanya with Sri Krsna Himself. He has described bodily symptoms
in Lord Caitanya that are visible only in the person of the Supreme Lord,
and he has proved that Lord Caitanya appeared with His personal
associates-Sri Nityananda, Advaita, Gadadhara, Srivasa and other
devotees-to preach the special significance of chanting Hare Krsna. The
appearance of Lord Caitanya is both significant and confidential. He can
be appreciated only by pure devotees and only through the process of
devotional service. The Lord tried to conceal His identity as the
Supreme Personality of Godhead by representing Himself as a devotee, but
His pure devotees could recognize Him by His special features. The Vedas
and Puranas foretell the appearance of Lord Caitanya, but still He is
sometimes called, significantly, the concealed descent of the Supreme
Personality of Godhead.
Advaita Acarya was a contemporary of Lord Caitanya's father. He felt
sorry for the condition of the world because even after Lord Krsna's
appearance, no one had interest in devotional service to Krsna. This
forgetfulness was so overwhelming that Advaita Prabhu was convinced that
no one but Lord Krsna Himself could enlighten people about devotional
service to the Supreme Lord. Therefore Advaita requested Lord Krsna to
appear as Lord Caitanya. Offering tulasi leaves and Ganges water, He
cried for the Lord's appearance. The Lord, being satisfied by His pure
devotees, descends to satisfy them. As such, being pleased by Advaita
Acarya, Lord Caitanya appeared.
Adi 3.1
TEXT 1
TEXT
sri-caitanya-prabhum vande
yat-padasraya-viryatah
sangrhnaty akara-vratad
ajnah siddhanta-san-manin
SYNONYMS
sri-caitanya-prabhum -- to Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; vande -- I offer my
respectful obeisances; yat -- of whom; pada-asraya -- of the shelter of
the lotus feet; viryatah -- from the power; sangrhnati -- collects;
akara-vratat -- from the multitude of mines in the form of scriptures;
ajnah -- a fool; siddhanta -- of conclusion; sat-manin -- the best
jewels.
TRANSLATION
I offer my respectful obeisances to Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu. By the
potency of the shelter of His lotus feet, even a fool can collect the
valuable jewels of conclusive truth from the mines of the revealed
scriptures.
Adi 3.2
TEXT 2
TEXT
jaya jaya sri-caitanya jaya nityananda
jayadvaita-candra jaya gaura-bhakta-vrnda
SYNONYMS
jaya jaya -- all glories; sri-caitanya -- to Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu;
jaya -- all glories; nityananda -- to Lord Nityananda; jaya -- all
glories; advaita-candra -- to Advaita Acarya; jaya -- all glories; gaura-
bhakta-vrnda -- to all the devotees of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
TRANSLATION
All glories to Lord Caitanya! All glories to Lord Nityananda! All
glories to Advaitacandra! And all glories to all the devotees of Lord
Caitanya!
Adi 3.3
TEXT 3
TEXT
trtiya slokera artha kaila vivarana
caturtha slokera artha suna bhakta-gana
SYNONYMS
trtiya -- third; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- meaning; kaila --
there was; vivarana -- description; caturtha -- fourth; slokera -- of
the verse; artha -- meaning; suna -- please hear; bhakta-gana -- O
devotees.
TRANSLATION
I have given the purport of the third verse. Now, O devotees, please
listen to the meaning of the fourth with full attention.
Adi 3.4
TEXT 4
TEXT
anarpita-carim cirat karunayavatirnah kalau
samarpayitum unnatojjvala-rasam sva-bhakti-sriyam
harih purata-sundara-dyuti-kadamba-sandipitah
sada hrdaya-kandare sphuratu vah saci-nandanah
SYNONYMS
anarpita -- not bestowed; carim -- having been formerly; cirat -- for a
long time; karunaya -- by causeless mercy; avatirnah -- descended; kalau
-- in the Age of Kali; samarpayitum -- to bestow; unnata -- elevated;
ujjvala-rasam -- the conjugal mellow; sva-bhakti -- of His own service;
sriyam -- the treasure; harih -- the Supreme Lord; purata -- than gold;
sundara -- more beautiful; dyuti -- of splendor; kadamba -- with a
multitude; sandipitah -- illuminated; sada -- always; hrdaya-kandare --
in the cavity of the heart; sphuratu -- let Him be manifest; vah -- your;
saci-nandanah -- the son of mother Saci.
TRANSLATION
"May the Supreme Lord who is known as the son of Srimati Saci-devi be
transcendentally situated in the innermost core of your heart.
Resplendent with the radiance of molten gold, He has descended in the
Age of Kali by His causeless mercy to bestow what no incarnation has
ever offered before: the most elevated mellow of devotional service, the
mellow of conjugal love."
PURPORT
This is a quotation from the Vidagdha-madhava (1.2), a drama compiled
and edited by Srila Rupa Gosvami.
Adi 3.5
TEXT 5
TEXT
purna bhagavan krsna vrajendra-kumara
goloke vrajera saha nitya vihara
SYNONYMS
purna -- full; bhagavan -- the Supreme Personality of Godhead; krsna --
Lord Krsna; vrajendra-kumara -- the son of the King of Vraja; goloke --
in Goloka; vrajera saha -- along with Vrajadhama; nitya -- eternal;
vihara -- pastimes.
TRANSLATION
Lord Krsna, the son of the King of Vraja, is the Supreme Lord. He
eternally enjoys transcendental pastimes in His eternal abode, Goloka,
which includes Vrajadhama.
PURPORT
In the previous chapter it has been established that Krsna, the son of
Vrajendra (the King of Vraja), is the Supreme Personality of Godhead,
with six opulences. He eternally enjoys transcendentally variegated
opulences on His planet, which is known as Goloka. The eternal pastimes
of the Lord in the spiritual planet Krsnaloka are called aprakata, or
unmanifested, pastimes because they are beyond the purview of the
conditioned souls. Lord Krsna is always present everywhere, but when He
is not present before our eyes, He is said to be aprakata, or
unmanifested.
Adi 3.6
TEXT 6
TEXT
brahmara eka dine tinho eka-bara
avatirna hana karena prakata vihara
SYNONYMS
brahmara -- of Lord Brahma; eka -- one; dine -- in the day; tinho -- He;
eka-bara -- one time; avatirna -- descended; hana -- being; karena --
performs; prakata -- manifest; vihara -- pastimes.
TRANSLATION
Once in a day of Brahma, He descends to this world to manifest His
transcendental pastimes.
Adi 3.7
TEXT 7
TEXT
satya, treta, dvapara, kali, cari-yuga jani
sei cari-yuge divya eka-yuga mani
SYNONYMS
satya -- Satya; treta -- Treta; dvapara -- Dvapara; kali -- Kali; cari-
yuga -- four ages; jani -- we know; sei -- these; cari-yuge -- in the
four ages; divya -- divine; eka-yuga -- one age; mani -- we consider.
TRANSLATION
We know that there are four ages [yugas], namely Satya, Treta, Dvapara
and Kali. These four together constitute one divya-yuga.
Adi 3.8
TEXT 8
TEXT
ekattara catur-yuge eka manv-antara
caudda manv-antara brahmara divasa bhitara
SYNONYMS
ekattara -- seventy-one; catuh-yuge -- in cycles of four ages; eka --
one; manu-antara -- period of a Manu; caudda -- fourteen; manu-antara --
periods of Manu; brahmara -- of Lord Brahma; divasa -- a day; bhitara --
within.
TRANSLATION
Seventy-one divya-yugas constitute one manv-antara. There are fourteen
manv-antaras in one day of Brahma.
PURPORT
A manv-antara is the period controlled by one Manu. The reign of
fourteen Manus equals the length of one day (twelve hours) in the life
of Brahma, and the night of Brahma is of the same duration. These
calculations are given in the authentic astronomy book known as the
Surya-siddhanta. A Bengali translation of this book was
compiled by the great professor of astronomy and mathematics Bimal
Prasad Datta, later known as Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Gosvami, who was
our merciful spiritual master. He was honored with the title Siddhanta
Sarasvati for translating the Surya-siddhanta, and the title Gosvami
Maharaja was added when he accepted sannyasa, the renounced order of
life.
Adi 3.9
TEXT 9
TEXT
‘vaivasvata'-nama ei saptama manv-antara
sataisa catur-yuga tahara antara
SYNONYMS
vaivasvata-nama -- named Vaivasvata; ei -- this; saptama -- seventh;
manu-antara -- period of Manu; sataisa -- twenty-seven; catuh-yuga --
cycles of four ages; tahara -- of that; antara -- period.
TRANSLATION
The present Manu, who is the seventh, is called Vaivasvata [the son of
Vivasvan]. Twenty-seven divya-yugas [27 x 4,320,000 solar years] of his
age have now passed.
PURPORT
The names of the fourteen Manus are as follows: (1) Svayambhuva, (2)
Svarocisa, (3) Uttama, (4) Tamasa, (5) Raivata, (6) Caksusa, (7)
Vaivasvata, (8) Savarni, (9) Daksa-savarni, (10) Brahma-savarni, (11)
Dharma-savarni, (12) Rudraputra (Rudra-savarni), (13) Raucya, or Deva-
savarni, (14) and Bhautyaka, or Indra-savarni.
Adi 3.10
TEXT 10
TEXT
astavimsa catur-yuge dvaparera sese
vrajera sahite haya krsnera prakase
SYNONYMS
astavimsa -- twenty-eighth; catuh-yuge -- in the cycle of four ages;
dvaparera -- of the Dvapara-yuga; sese -- at the end; vrajera sahite --
along with Vraja; haya -- is; krsnera -- of Lord Krsna; prakase --
manifestation.
TRANSLATION
At the end of the Dvapara-yuga of the twenty-eighth divya-yuga, Lord
Krsna appears on earth with the full paraphernalia of His eternal Vraja-
dhama.
PURPORT
Now is the term of Vaivasvata Manu, during which Lord Caitanya appears.
First Lord Krsna appears at the close of the Dvapara-yuga of the twenty-
eighth divya-yuga, and then Lord Caitanya appears in the Kali-yuga of
the same divya-yuga. Lord Krsna and Lord Caitanya appear once in each
day of Brahma, or once in fourteen manv-antaras, each of seventy-one
divya-yugas in duration.
From the beginning of Brahma's day of 4,320,000,000 years, six Manus
appear and disappear before Lord Krsna appears. Thus 1,975,320,000 years
of the day of Brahma elapse before the appearance of Lord Krsna. This is
an astronomical calculation according to solar years.
Adi 3.11
TEXT 11
TEXT
dasya, sakhya, vatsalya, srngara -- cari rasa
cari bhavera bhakta yata krsna tara vasa
SYNONYMS
dasya -- servitude; sakhya -- friendship; vatsalya -- parental affection;
srngara -- conjugal love; cari -- four; rasa -- mellows; cari -- four;
bhavera -- of the sentiments; bhakta -- devotees; yata -- as many as
there are; krsna -- Lord Krsna; tara -- by them; vasa -- subdued.
TRANSLATION
Servitude [dasya], friendship [sakhya], parental affection [vatsalya]
and conjugal love [srngara] are the four transcendental mellows [rasas].
By the devotees who cherish these four mellows, Lord Krsna is subdued.
PURPORT
Dasya, sakhya, vatsalya and srngara are the transcendental modes of
loving service to the Lord. Santa-rasa, or the neutral stage, is not
mentioned in this verse because although in santa-rasa one considers the
Absolute Truth the sublime great, one does not go beyond that conception.
Santa-rasa is a very grand idea for materialistic philosophers, but
such idealistic appreciation is only the beginning; it is the lowest
among the relationships in the spiritual world. Santa-rasa is not given
much importance because as soon as there is a slight understanding
between the knower and the known, active loving transcendental
reciprocations and exchanges begin. Dasya-rasa is the basic relationship
between Krsna and His devotees; therefore this verse considers dasya the
first stage of transcendental devotional service.
Adi 3.12
TEXT 12
TEXT
dasa-sakha-pita-mata-kanta-gana lana
vraje krida kare krsna premavista hana
SYNONYMS
dasa -- servants; sakha -- friends; pita-mata -- father and mother;
kanta-gana -- lovers; lana -- taking; vraje -- in Vraja; krida kare --
plays; krsna -- Lord Krsna; prema-avista -- absorbed in love; hana --
being.
TRANSLATION
Absorbed in such transcendental love, Lord Sri Krsna enjoys in Vraja
with His devoted servants, friends, parents and conjugal lovers.
PURPORT
The descent of Sri Krsna, the Absolute Personality of Godhead, is very
purposeful. In the Bhagavad-gita it is said that one who knows the truth
about Sri Krsna's descent and His various activities is at once
liberated and does not have to fall again to this existence of birth and
death after he leaves his present material body. In other words, one who
factually understands Krsna makes his life perfect. Imperfect life is
realized in material existence, in five different relationships we share
with everyone within the material world: neutrality, servitorship,
friendship, filial love and amorous love between husband and wife or
lover and beloved. These five enjoyable relationships within the
material world are perverted reflections of relationships with the
Absolute Personality of Godhead in the transcendental nature. That
Absolute Personality, Sri Krsna, descends to revive the five eternally
existing relationships. Thus He manifests His transcendental pastimes in
Vraja so that people may be attracted into that sphere of activities and
leave aside their imitation relationships with the mundane. Then, after
fully exhibiting all such activities, the Lord disappears.
Adi 3.13
TEXT 13
TEXT
yathesta vihari' krsna kare antardhana
antardhana kari' mane kare anumana
SYNONYMS
yatha-ista -- as much as He wishes; vihari' -- enjoying; krsna -- Lord
Krsna; kare -- makes; antardhana -- disappearance; antardhana kari' --
disappearing; mane -- in the mind; kare -- He makes; anumana --
consideration.
TRANSLATION
Lord Krsna enjoys His transcendental pastimes as long as He wishes, and
then He disappears. After disappearing, however, He thinks thus:
Adi 3.14
TEXT 14
TEXT
cira-kala nahi kari prema-bhakti dana
bhakti vina jagatera nahi avasthana
SYNONYMS
cira-kala -- for a long time; nahi kari -- I have not done; prema-bhakti
-- loving devotional service; dana -- giving; bhakti -- devotional
service; vina -- without; jagatera -- of the universe; nahi -- not;
avasthana -- existence.
TRANSLATION
"For a long time I have not bestowed unalloyed loving service to Me upon
the inhabitants of the world. Without such loving attachment, the
existence of the material world is useless.
PURPORT
The Lord seldom awards pure transcendental love, but without such pure
love of God, freed from fruitive activities and empiric speculation, one
cannot attain perfection in life.
Adi 3.15
TEXT 15
TEXT
sakala jagate more kare vidhi-bhakti
vidhi-bhaktye vraja-bhava paite nahi sakti
SYNONYMS
sakala -- all; jagate -- in the universe; more -- to Me; kare -- they do;
vidhi-bhakti -- regulative devotional service; vidhi-bhaktye -- by
regulative devotional service; vraja-bhava -- the feelings of those in
Vraja; paite -- to obtain; nahi -- not; sakti -- the power.
TRANSLATION
"Everywhere in the world people worship Me according to scriptural
injunctions. But simply by following such regulative principles one
cannot attain the loving sentiments of the devotees in Vrajabhumi.
Adi 3.16
TEXT 16
TEXT
aisvarya-jnanete saba jagat misrita
aisvarya-sithila-preme nahi mora prita
SYNONYMS
aisvarya-jnanete -- with knowledge of the opulences; saba -- all; jagat -
- the world; misrita -- mixed; aisvarya-sithila-preme -- to love
enfeebled by opulence; nahi -- there is not; mora -- My; prita --
attraction.
TRANSLATION
"Knowing My opulences, the whole world looks upon Me with awe and
veneration. But devotion made feeble by such reverence does not attract
Me.
PURPORT
After His appearance, Lord Krsna thought that He had not distributed the
transcendental personal dealings with His devotees in dasya, sakhya,
vatsalya and madhurya. One may understand the science of the Supreme
Personality of Godhead from the Vedic literatures and thus become a
devotee of the Lord and worship Him within the regulative principles
described in the scriptures, but one will not know in this way how Krsna
is served by the residents of Vrajabhumi. One cannot understand the
dealings of the Lord in Vrndavana simply by executing the ritualistic
regulative principles mentioned in the scriptures. By following
scriptural injunctions one may enhance his appreciation for the glories
of the Lord, but there is no chance for one to enter into personal
dealings with Him. Giving too much attention to understanding the
exalted glories of the Lord reduces the chance of one's entering into
personal loving affairs with the Lord. To teach the principles of such
loving dealings, the Lord decided to appear as Lord Caitanya.
Adi 3.17
TEXT 17
TEXT
aisvarya-jnane vidhi-bhajana kariya
vaikunthake yaya catur-vidha mukti pana
SYNONYMS
aisvarya-jnane -- in knowledge of the opulences; vidhi -- according to
rules and regulations; bhajana -- worship; kariya -- doing; vaikunthake -
- to Vaikuntha; yaya -- they go; catuh-vidha -- four kinds; mukti --
liberation; pana -- achieving.
TRANSLATION
"By performing such regulated devotional service in awe and veneration,
one may go to Vaikuntha and attain the four kinds of liberation.
Adi 3.18
TEXT 18
TEXT
sarsti, sarupya, ara samipya, salokya
sayujya na laya bhakta yate brahma-aikya
SYNONYMS
sarsti -- opulences equal with the Lord's; sarupya -- the same form as
the Lord's; ara -- and; samipya -- personal association with the Lord;
salokya -- residence on a Vaikuntha planet; sayujya -- oneness with the
Lord; na laya -- they do not accept; bhakta -- devotees; yate -- since;
brahma-aikya -- oneness with Brahman.
TRANSLATION
"These liberations are sarsti [achieving opulences equal to those of the
Lord], sarupya [having a form the same as the Lord's], samipya [living
as a personal associate of the Lord] and salokya [living on a Vaikuntha
planet]. Devotees never accept sayujya, however, since that is oneness
with Brahman.
PURPORT
Those engaged in devotional service according to the ritualistic
principles mentioned in the scriptures attain these different kinds of
liberation. But although such devotees can attain sarsti, sarupya,
samipya and salokya, they are not concerned with these liberations, for
such devotees are satisfied only in rendering transcendental loving
service to the Lord. The fifth kind of liberation, sayujya, is never
accepted even by devotees who perform only ritualistic worship. To
attain sayujya, or merging into the Brahman effulgence of the Supreme
Personality of Godhead, is the aspiration of the impersonalists. A
devotee never cares for sayujya liberation.
Adi 3.19
TEXT 19
TEXT
yuga-dharma pravartaimu nama-sankirtana
cari bhava-bhakti diya nacamu bhuvana
SYNONYMS
yuga-dharma -- the religion of the age; pravartaimu -- I shall
inaugurate; nama-sankirtana -- chanting of the holy name; cari -- four;
bhava -- of the moods; bhakti -- devotion; diya -- giving; nacamu -- I
shall cause to dance; bhuvana -- the world.
TRANSLATION
"I shall personally inaugurate the religion of the age -- nama-
sankirtana, the congregational chanting of the holy name. I shall make
the world dance in ecstasy, realizing the four mellows of loving
devotional service.
Adi 3.20
TEXT 20
TEXT
apani karimu bhakta-bhava angikare
apani acari' bhakti sikhaimu sabare
SYNONYMS
apani -- personally; karimu -- I shall make; bhakta-bhava -- the
position of a devotee; angikare -- acceptance; apani -- personally;
acari' -- practicing; bhakti -- devotional service; sikhaimu -- I shall
teach; sabare -- to all.
TRANSLATION
"I shall accept the role of a devotee, and I shall teach devotional
service by practicing it Myself.
PURPORT
When one associates with a pure devotee, he becomes so elevated that he
does not aspire even for sarsti, sarupya, samipya or salokya, because he
feels that such liberation is a kind of sense gratification. Pure
devotees do not ask anything from the Lord for their personal benefit.
Even if offered personal benefits, pure devotees do not accept them,
because their only desire is to satisfy the Supreme Personality of
Godhead by transcendental loving service. No one but the Lord Himself
can teach this highest form of devotional service. Therefore, when the
Lord took the place of the incarnation of Kali-yuga to spread the
glories of chanting Hare Krsna -- the system of worship recommended in
this age -- He also distributed the process of devotional service
performed on the platform of transcendental spontaneous love. To teach
the highest principles of spiritual life, the Lord Himself appeared as a
devotee in the form of Lord Caitanya.
Adi 3.21
TEXT 21
TEXT
apane na kaile dharma sikhana na yaya
ei ta' siddhanta gita-bhagavate gaya
SYNONYMS
apane -- personally; na kaile -- if not practiced; dharma -- religion;
sikhana -- the teaching; na yaya -- does not advance; ei -- this; ta' --
certainly; siddhanta -- conclusion; gita -- in the Bhagavad-gita;
bhagavate -- in Srimad-Bhagavatam; gaya -- they sing.
TRANSLATION
"Unless one practices devotional service himself, he cannot teach it to
others. This conclusion is indeed confirmed throughout the Gita and
Bhagavatam.
Adi 3.22
TEXT 22
TEXT
yada yada hi dharmasya
glanir bhavati bharata
abhyutthanam adharmasya
tadatmanam srjamy aham
SYNONYMS
yada yada -- whenever; hi -- certainly; dharmasya -- of religious
principles; glanih -- decrease; bhavati -- there is; bharata -- O
descendant of Bharata; abhyutthanam -- increase; adharmasya -- of
irreligion; tada -- then; atmanam -- Myself; srjami -- manifest; aham --
I.
TRANSLATION
"‘Whenever and wherever there is a decline in religious practice, O
descendant of Bharata, and a predominant rise of irreligion -- at that
time I descend Myself.
Adi 3.23
TEXT 23
TEXT
paritranaya sadhunam
vinasaya ca duskrtam
dharma-samsthapanarthaya
sambhavami yuge yuge
SYNONYMS
paritranaya -- for the deliverance; sadhunam -- of the devotees;
vinasaya -- for the destruction; ca -- and; duskrtam -- of the
miscreants; dharma -- religious principles; samsthapana-arthaya -- for
the purpose of establishing; sambhavami -- I appear; yuge yuge -- in
every age.
TRANSLATION
"‘To deliver the pious and to annihilate the miscreants, as well as to
reestablish the principles of religion, I Myself appear, millennium
after millennium.'
PURPORT
Texts 22 and 23 were spoken by Lord Krsna in the Bhagavad-gita (4.7–8).
Texts 24 and 25, which follow, are also from the Bhagavad-gita (3.24, 3.
21).
Adi 3.24
TEXT 24
TEXT
utsideyur ime loka
na kuryam karma ced aham
sankarasya ca karta syam
upahanyam imah prajah
SYNONYMS
utsideyuh -- would fall into ruin; ime -- these; lokah -- worlds; na
kuryam -- did not perform; karma -- action; cet -- if; aham -- I;
sankarasya -- of unwanted population; ca -- and; karta -- the creator;
syam -- would become; upahanyam -- would spoil; imah -- these; prajah --
living entities.
TRANSLATION
"‘If I did not show the proper principles of religion, all these worlds
would fall into ruin. I would be the cause of unwanted population and
would spoil all these living beings.'
Adi 3.25
TEXT 25
TEXT
yad yad acarati sresthas
tat tad evetaro janah
sa yat pramanam kurute
lokas tad anuvartate
SYNONYMS
yat yat -- however; acarati -- behaves; sresthah -- the best man; tat
tat -- that; eva -- certainly; itarah -- the lesser; janah -- man; sah --
he; yat -- which; pramanam -- standard; kurute -- shows; lokah -- the
people; tat -- that; anuvartate -- follow.
TRANSLATION
"‘Whatever actions a great man performs, common people follow. And
whatever standards he sets by exemplary acts, all the world pursues.'
Adi 3.26
TEXT 26
TEXT
yuga-dharma-pravartana haya amsa haite
ama vina anye nare vraja-prema dite
SYNONYMS
yuga-dharma -- of the religion of the age; pravartana -- the
inauguration; haya -- is; amsa -- the plenary portion; haite -- from;
ama -- for Me; vina -- except; anye -- another; nare -- is not able;
vraja-prema -- love like that of the residents of Vraja; dite -- to
bestow.
TRANSLATION
"My plenary portions can establish the principles of religion for each
age. No one but Me, however, can bestow the kind of loving service
performed by the residents of Vraja.
Adi 3.27
TEXT 27
TEXT
santv avatara bahavah
pankaja-nabhasya sarvato-bhadrah
krsnad anyah ko va latasv
api prema-do bhavati
SYNONYMS
santu -- let there be; avatarah -- incarnations; bahavah -- many;
pankaja-nabhasya -- of the Lord, from whose navel grows a lotus flower;
sarvatah -- bhadrah -- completely auspicious; krsnat -- than Lord Krsna;
anyah -- other; kah va -- who possibly; latasu -- on the surrendered
souls; api -- also; prema-dah -- the bestower of love; bhavati -- is.
TRANSLATION
"‘There may be many all-auspicious incarnations of the Personality of
Godhead, but who other than Lord Sri Krsna can bestow love of God upon
the surrendered souls?'
PURPORT
This quotation from the writings of Bilvamangala Thakura is found in the
Laghu-bhagavatamrta (1.5.37).
Adi 3.28
TEXT 28
TEXT
tahate apana bhakta-gana kari' sange
prthivite avatari' karimu nana range
SYNONYMS
tahate -- in that; apana -- My own; bhakta-gana -- with devotees; kari' -
- doing; sange -- in association; prthivite -- on the earth; avatari' --
descending; karimu -- I shall perform; nana -- various; range --
colorful pastimes.
TRANSLATION
"Therefore in the company of My devotees I shall appear on earth and
perform various colorful pastimes."
Adi 3.29
TEXT 29
TEXT
eta bhavi' kali-kale prathama sandhyaya
avatirna haila krsna apani nadiyaya
SYNONYMS
eta -- thus; bhavi' -- thinking; kali-kale -- in the Age of Kali;
prathama -- first; sandhyaya -- in the junction; avatirna haila --
descended; krsna -- Lord Krsna; apani -- Himself; nadiyaya -- in Nadia.
TRANSLATION
Thinking thus, the Personality of Godhead, Sri Krsna Himself, descended
at Nadia early in the Age of Kali.
PURPORT
The prathama-sandhya is the beginning of the age. According to
astronomical calculation, the age is divided into twelve parts. The
first of these twelve divisions is known as the prathama-sandhya. The
prathama-sandhya and sesa-sandhya, the last division of the preceding
age, form the junction of the two ages. According to the Surya-siddhanta,
the prathama-sandhya of Kali-yuga lasts 36,000 solar years. Lord
Caitanya appeared in the prathama-sandhya after 4,586 solar years of
Kali-yuga had passed.
Adi 3.30
TEXT 30
TEXT
caitanya-simhera navadvipe avatara
simha-griva, simha-virya, simhera hunkara
SYNONYMS
caitanya-simhera -- of the lionlike Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; navadvipe -
- at Navadvipa; avatara -- the incarnation; simha-griva -- having the
neck of a lion; simha-virya -- the strength of a lion; simhera hunkara --
the roar of a lion.
TRANSLATION
Thus the lionlike Lord Caitanya has appeared in Navadvipa. He has the
shoulders of a lion, the powers of a lion, and the loud voice of a lion.
Adi 3.31
TEXT 31
TEXT
sei simha vasuk jivera hrdaya-kandare
kalmasa-dvirada nase yanhara hunkare
SYNONYMS
sei -- that; simha -- lion; vasuk -- let Him sit; jivera -- of the
living entities; hrdaya -- of the heart; kandare -- in the cavern;
kalmasa -- of sins; dvi-rada -- the elephant; nase -- destroys; yanhara -
- of whom; hunkare -- the roar.
TRANSLATION
May that lion be seated in the core of the heart of every living being.
Thus with His resounding roar may He drive away one's elephantine vices.
Adi 3.32
TEXT 32
TEXT
prathama lilaya tanra ‘visvambhara' nama
bhakti-rase bharila, dharila bhuta-grama
SYNONYMS
prathama -- first; lilaya -- in the pastimes; tanra -- of Him;
visvambhara nama -- the name Visvambhara; bhakti-rase -- with the mellow
of devotional service; bharila -- He filled; dharila -- saved; bhuta-
grama -- all the living entities.
TRANSLATION
In His early pastimes He is known as Visvambhara because He floods the
world with the nectar of devotion and thus saves the living beings.
Adi 3.33
TEXT 33
TEXT
dubhrn dhatura artha -- posana, dharana
pusila, dharila prema diya tri-bhuvana
SYNONYMS
dubhrn -- known as dubhrn (bhr); dhatura -- of the verbal root; artha --
the meaning; posana -- nourishing; dharana -- maintaining; pusila --
nourished; dharila -- maintained; prema diya -- distributing love of God;
tri-bhuvana -- in the three worlds.
TRANSLATION
The verbal root "dubhrn" [which is the root of the word "visvambhara"]
indicates nourishing and maintaining. He [Lord Caitanya] nourishes and
maintains the three worlds by distributing love of God.
Adi 3.34
TEXT 34
TEXT
sesa-lilaya dhare nama ‘sri-krsna-caitanya'
sri-krsna janaye saba visva kaila dhanya
SYNONYMS
sesa-lilaya -- in His final pastimes; dhare -- He held; nama -- the name;
sri-krsna-caitanya -- Sri Krsna Caitanya; sri-krsna -- about Lord Krsna;
janaye -- He taught; saba -- all; visva -- the world; kaila -- made;
dhanya -- fortunate.
TRANSLATION
In His later pastimes He is known as Lord Sri Krsna Caitanya. He blesses
the whole world by teaching about the name and fame of Lord Sri Krsna.
PURPORT
Lord Caitanya remained a householder only until His twenty-fourth year
had passed. Then He entered the renounced order and remained manifest in
this material world until His forty-eighth year. Therefore His sesa-lila,
or the final portion of His activities, lasted twenty-four years.
Some so-called Vaisnavas say that the renounced order of life was not
accepted in the Vaisnava sampradaya, or disciplic succession, until Lord
Caitanya. This is not a very intelligent proposition. Sri Caitanya
Mahaprabhu took the sannyasa order from Sripada Kesava Bharati, who
belonged to the Sankara sect, which approves of only ten names for
sannyasis. Long before the advent of Sripada Sankaracarya, however, the
sannyasa order existed in the Vaisnava line of Visnu Svami. In the Visnu
Svami Vaisnava sampradaya, there are ten different kinds of sannyasa
names and 108 different names for sannyasis who accept the tri-danda,
the triple staff of sannyasa. This is approved by the Vedic rules.
Therefore Vaisnava sannyasa was existent even before the appearance of
Sankaracarya, although those who know nothing about Vaisnava sannyasa
unnecessarily declare that there is no sannyasa in the Vaisnava
sampradaya.
During the time of Lord Caitanya, the influence of Sankaracarya in
society was very strong. People thought that one could accept sannyasa
only in the disciplic succession of Sankaracarya. Lord Caitanya could
have performed His missionary activities as a householder, but He found
householder life an obstruction to His mission. Therefore He decided to
accept the renounced order, sannyasa. Since His acceptance of sannyasa
was also designed to attract public attention, Lord Caitanya, not
wishing to disturb the social convention, took the renounced order of
life from a sannyasi in the disciplic succession of Sankaracarya,
although sannyasa was also sanctioned in the Vaisnava sampradaya.
In the Sankara-sampradaya there are ten different names awarded to
sannyasis: (1) Tirtha, (2) Asrama, (3) Vana, (4) Aranya, (5) Giri, (6)
Parvata, (7) Sagara, (8) Sarasvati, (9) Bharati and (10) Puri. Before
one enters sannyasa, he has one of the various names for a brahmacari,
the assistant to a sannyasi. Sannyasis with the titles Tirtha and Asrama
generally stay at Dvaraka, and their brahmacari name is Svarupa. Those
known by the names Vana and Aranya stay at Purusottama, or Jagannatha
Puri, and their brahmacari name is Prakasa. Those with the names Giri,
Parvata and Sagara generally stay at Badarikasrama, and their brahmacari
name is Ananda. Those with the titles Sarasvati, Bharati and Puri
usually live at Srngeri in South India, and their brahmacari name is
Caitanya.
Sripada Sankaracarya established four monasteries in India, in the four
directions (north, south, east and west), and he entrusted them to four
sannyasis who were his disciples. Now there are hundreds of branch
monasteries under these four principal monasteries, and although there
is an official symmetry among them, there are many differences in their
dealings. The four different sects of these monasteries are known as
Anandavara, Bhogavara, Kitavara and Bhumivara, and in course of time
they have developed different ideas and different slogans.
According to the regulation of the disciplic succession, one who wishes
to enter the renounced order in Sankara's sect must first be trained as
a brahmacari under a bona fide sannyasi, The brahmacari's name is
ascertained according to the group to which the sannyasi belongs. Lord
Caitanya accepted sannyasa from Kesava Bharati. When He first approached
Kesava Bharati, He was accepted as a brahmacari with the name Sri Krsna
Caitanya Brahmacari. After He took sannyasa, He preferred to keep the
name Krsna Caitanya.
The great authorities in the disciplic succession had not offered to
explain why Lord Caitanya refused to take the name Bharati after He took
sannyasa from a Bharati, until Srila Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Gosvami
Maharaja volunteered the explanation that because a sannyasi in the
Sankara-sampradaya thinks that he has become the Supreme, Lord Caitanya,
wanting to avoid such a misconception, kept the name Sri Krsna Caitanya,
placing Himself as an eternal servitor. A brahmacari is supposed to
serve the spiritual master; therefore He did not negate that
relationship of servitude to His spiritual master. Accepting such a
position is favorable for the relationship between the disciple and the
spiritual master.
The authentic biographies also mention that Lord Caitanya accepted the
danda (rod) and begging pot, symbolic of the sannyasa order, at the time
He took sannyasa.
Adi 3.35
TEXT 35
TEXT
tanra yugavatara jani' garga mahasaya
krsnera nama-karane kariyache nirnaya
SYNONYMS
tanra -- of Him; yuga-avatara -- incarnation for the age; jani' --
knowing; garga -- Garga Muni; mahasaya -- the great personality; krsnera
-- of Lord Krsna; nama-karane -- in the name-giving ceremony; kariyache -
- made; nirnaya -- ascertainment.
TRANSLATION
Knowing Him [Lord Caitanya] to be the incarnation for Kali-yuga, Garga
Muni, during the naming ceremony of Krsna, predicted His appearance.
Adi 3.36
TEXT 36
TEXT
asan varnas trayo hy asya
grhnato 'nu-yugam tanuh
suklo raktas tatha pita
idanim krsnatam gatah
SYNONYMS
asan -- were; varnah -- colors; trayah -- three; hi -- certainly; asya --
of this one; grhnatah -- who is manifesting; anu-yugam -- according to
the age; tanuh -- bodies; suklah -- white; raktah -- red; tatha -- thus;
pitah -- yellow; idanim -- now; krsnatam -- blackness; gatah -- obtained.
TRANSLATION
"This boy [Krsna] has three other colors -- white, red and yellow -- as
He appears in different ages. Now He has appeared in a transcendental
blackish color."
PURPORT
This is a verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.8.13).
Adi 3.37
TEXT 37
TEXT
sukla, rakta, pita-varna -- ei tina dyuti
satya-treta-kali-kale dharena sri-pati
SYNONYMS
sukla -- white; rakta -- red; pita-varna -- the color yellow; ei --
these; tina -- three; dyuti -- lusters; satya -- in Satya-yuga; treta --
in Treta-yuga; kali-kale -- in the Age of Kali; dharena -- manifests;
sri-pati -- the husband of the goddess of fortune.
TRANSLATION
White, red and yellow -- these are the three bodily lusters that the
Lord, the husband of the goddess of fortune, assumes in the ages of
Satya, Treta and Kali respectively.
Adi 3.38
TEXT 38
TEXT
idanim dvapare tinho haila krsna-varna
ei saba sastragama-puranera marma
SYNONYMS
idanim -- now; dvapare -- in the Dvapara-yuga; tinho -- He; haila -- was;
krsna-varna -- blackish color; ei -- these; saba -- all; sastra-agama --
and Vedic literatures; puranera -- of the Puranas; marma -- the core.
TRANSLATION
Now, in the Dvapara-yuga, the Lord had descended in a blackish hue. This
is the essence of the statements in the Puranas and other Vedic
literatures with reference to the context.
Adi 3.39
TEXT 39
TEXT
dvapare bhagavan syamah
pita-vasa nijayudhah
sri-vatsadibhir ankais ca
laksanair upalaksitah
SYNONYMS
dvapare -- in the Dvapara-yuga; bhagavan -- the Supreme Personality of
Godhead; syamah -- blackish; pita-vasah -- having yellow clothes; nija --
own; ayudhah -- having weapons; srivatsa-adibhih -- such as Srivatsa;
ankaih -- by bodily markings; ca -- and; laksanaih -- by external
characteristics such as the Kaustubha jewel; upalaksitah --
characterized.
TRANSLATION
"In the Dvapara-yuga the Personality of Godhead appears in a blackish
hue. He is dressed in yellow, He holds His own weapons, and He is
decorated with the Kaustubha jewel and marks of Srivatsa. This is how
His symptoms are described."
PURPORT
This is a verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam (11.5.27), spoken by Saint
Karabhajana, one of the nine royal mystics who explained to King Nimi
the different features of the Lord in different ages.
Adi 3.40
TEXT 40
TEXT
kali-yuge yuga-dharma -- namera pracara
tathi lagi' pita-varna caitanyavatara
SYNONYMS
kali-yuge -- in the Age of Kali; yuga-dharma -- the religious practice
for the age; namera -- of the holy name; pracara -- propagation; tathi --
this; lagi' -- for; pita-varna -- having a yellow color; caitanya-
avatara -- the incarnation of Lord Caitanya.
TRANSLATION
The religious practice for the Age of Kali is to broadcast the glories
of the holy name. Only for this purpose has the Lord, in a yellow color,
descended as Lord Caitanya.
PURPORT
In this Age of Kali the practical system of religion for everyone is the
chanting of the name of Godhead. This was introduced in this age by Lord
Caitanya. Bhakti-yoga actually begins with the chanting of the holy name,
as confirmed by Madhvacarya in his commentary on the Mundaka Upanisad.
He quotes this verse from the Narayana-samhita:
dvapariyair janair visnuh
pancaratrais tu kevalaih
kalau tu nama-matrena
pujyate bhagavan harih
"In the Dvapara-yuga people should worship Lord Visnu only by the
regulative principles of the Narada-pancaratra and other such authorized
books. In the Age of Kali, however, people should simply chant the holy
names of the Supreme Personality of Godhead." The Hare Krsna mantra is
specifically mentioned in many Upanisads, such as the Kali-santarana
Upanisad, where it is said:
hare krsna hare krsna
krsna krsna hare hare
hare rama hare rama
rama rama hare hare
iti sodasakam namnam
kali-kalmasa-nasanam
natah parataropayah
sarva-vedesu drsyate
"After searching through all the Vedic literature, one cannot find a
method of religion more sublime for this age than the chanting of Hare
Krsna."
Adi 3.41
TEXT 41
TEXT
tapta-hema-sama-kanti, prakanda sarira
nava-megha jini kantha-dhvani ye gambhira
SYNONYMS
tapta-hema -- as molten gold; sama-kanti -- same luster; prakanda --
enormous; sarira -- body; nava-megha -- new clouds; jini -- conquering;
kantha-dhvani -- the sound of the voice; ye -- that; gambhira -- deep.
TRANSLATION
The luster of His expansive body resembles molten gold. The deep sound
of His voice conquers the thundering of newly assembled clouds.
Adi 3.42
TEXT 42
TEXT
dairghya-vistare yei apanara hata
cari hasta haya ‘maha-purusa' vikhyata
SYNONYMS
dairghya -- in length; vistare -- and in breadth; yei -- who; apanara --
of his own; hata -- hand; cari -- four; hasta -- cubits; haya -- is;
maha-purusa -- as a great personality; vikhyata -- celebrated.
TRANSLATION
One who measures four cubits in height and in breadth by his own hand is
celebrated as a great personality.
Adi 3.43
TEXT 43
TEXT
‘nyagrodha-parimandala' haya tanra nama
nyagrodha-parimandala-tanu caitanya guna-dhama
SYNONYMS
nyagrodha-parimandala -- nyagrodha-parimandala; haya -- is; tanra -- of
him; nama -- the name; nyagrodha-parimandala-nyagrodha-parimandala; tanu
-- having such a body; caitanya -- Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; guna-dhama -
- the abode of good qualities.
TRANSLATION
Such a person is called nyagrodha-parimandala. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu,
who personifies all good qualities, has the body of a nyagrodha-
parimandala.
PURPORT
No one other than the Supreme Lord Himself, who has engaged the
conditioned souls by His own illusory energy, can possess these bodily
features. These features certainly indicate an incarnation of Visnu and
no one else.
Adi 3.44
TEXT 44
TEXT
ajanulambita-bhuja kamala-locana
tilaphula-jini-nasa, sudhamsu-vadana
SYNONYMS
a-janu-lambita-bhuja -- arms that reach the knees; kamala-locana -- with
lotus eyes; tila-phula -- the blossom of the sesame plant; jini --
conquering; nasa -- whose nose; sudha-amsu-vadana -- whose face is like
the moon.
TRANSLATION
His arms are long enough to reach His knees, His eyes are just like
lotus flowers, His nose is like a sesame flower, and His face is as
beautiful as the moon.
Adi 3.45
TEXT 45
TEXT
santa, danta, krsna-bhakti-nistha-parayana
bhakta-vatsala, susila, sarva-bhute sama
SYNONYMS
santa -- peaceful; danta -- controlled; krsna-bhakti -- to the service
of Lord Krsna; nistha-parayana -- fully devoted; bhakta-vatsala --
affectionate toward the devotees; su-sila -- good character; sarva-bhute
-- to all living beings; sama -- equal.
TRANSLATION
He is peaceful, self-controlled and fully devoted to the transcendental
service of Lord Sri Krsna. He is affectionate toward His devotees, He is
gentle, and He is equally disposed toward all living beings.
Adi 3.46
TEXT 46
TEXT
candanera angada-bala, candana-bhusana
nrtya-kale pari' karena krsna-sankirtana
SYNONYMS
candanera -- of sandalwood; angada -- and armlets; bala -- bangles;
candana -- of sandalwood pulp; bhusana -- decorations; nrtya-kale -- at
the time of dancing; pari' -- putting on; karena -- does; krsna-
sankirtana -- congregational chanting of the name of Krsna.
TRANSLATION
He is decorated with sandalwood bangles and armlets and anointed with
the pulp of sandalwood. He especially wears these decorations to dance
in sri-krsna-sankirtana.
Adi 3.47
TEXT 47
TEXT
ei saba guna lana muni vaisampayana
sahasra-name kaila tanra nama-ganana
SYNONYMS
ei -- these; saba -- all; guna -- qualities; lana -- taking; muni -- the
sage; vaisampayana -- named Vaisampayana; sahasra-name -- in the Visnu-
sahasra-nama; kaila -- did; tanra -- of Him; nama-ganana -- counting of
the name.
TRANSLATION
Recording all these qualities of Lord Caitanya, the sage Vaisampayana
included His name in the Visnu-sahasra-nama.
Adi 3.48
TEXT 48
TEXT
dui lila caitanyera -- adi ara sesa
dui lilaya cari cari nama visesa
SYNONYMS
dui -- two; lila -- pastimes; caitanyera -- of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu;
adi -- first; ara -- and; sesa -- final; dui -- two; lilaya -- in
pastimes; cari -- four; cari -- and four; nama -- names; visesa --
specific.
TRANSLATION
The pastimes of Lord Caitanya have two divisions -- the early pastimes [
adi-lila] and the later pastimes [sesa-lila]. He has four names in each
of these two lilas.
Adi 3.49
TEXT 49
TEXT
suvarna-varno hemango
varangas candanangadi
sannyasa-krc chamah santo
nistha-santi-parayanah
SYNONYMS
suvarna -- of gold; varnah -- having the color; hema-angah -- whose body
was like molten gold; vara-angah -- having a most beautiful body;
candana-angadi -- whose body was smeared with sandalwood; sannyasa-krt --
practicing the renounced order of life; samah -- equipoised; santah --
peaceful; nistha -- devotion; santi -- and of peace; parayanah -- the
highest resort.
TRANSLATION
"In His early pastimes He appears as a householder with a golden
complexion. His limbs are beautiful, and His body, smeared with the pulp
of sandalwood, seems like molten gold. In His later pastimes He accepts
the sannyasa order, and He is equipoised and peaceful. He is the highest
abode of peace and devotion, for He silences the impersonalist
nondevotees."
PURPORT
This is a verse from the Mahabharata (Dana-dharma, Visnu-sahasra-nama-
stotra). In his commentary on the Visnu-sahasra-nama, called the
Namartha-sudha, Srila Baladeva Vidyabhusana, commenting upon this verse,
asserts that Lord Caitanya is the Supreme Personality of Godhead
according to the evidence of the Upanisads. He explains that suvarna-
varnah means a golden complexion. He also quotes the Vedic injunction
yada pasyah pasyate rukma-varnam kartaram isam purusam brahma-yonim (
Mundaka Up. 3.1.3). Rukma-varnam kartaram isam refers to the Supreme
Personality of Godhead as having a complexion the color of molten gold.
Purusam means the Supreme Lord, and brahma-yonim indicates that He is
also the Supreme Brahman. This evidence, too, proves that Lord Caitanya
is the Supreme Personality of Godhead Krsna. Another meaning of the
description of the Lord as having a golden hue is that Lord Caitanya's
personality is as fascinating as gold is attractive. Srila Baladeva
Vidyabhusana has explained that the word varanga means "exquisitely
beautiful."
Lord Caitanya accepted sannyasa, leaving aside His householder life, to
preach His mission. He has equanimity in different senses. First, He
describes the confidential truth of the Personality of Godhead, and
second, He satisfies everyone by knowledge and attachment to Krsna. He
is peaceful because He renounces all topics not related to the service
of Krsna. Srila Baladeva Vidyabhusana has explained that the word nistha
indicates His being rigidly fixed in chanting the holy name of Sri Krsna.
Lord Caitanya subdued all disturbing opponents of devotional service,
especially the monists, who are actually averse to the personal feature
of the Supreme Lord.
Adi 3.50
TEXT 50
TEXT
vyakta kari' bhagavate kahe bara bara
kali-yuge dharma -- nama-sankirtana sara
SYNONYMS
vyakta -- evident; kari' -- making; bhagavate -- in Srimad-Bhagavatam;
kahe -- they say; bara bara -- time and time again; kali-yuge -- in the
Age of Kali; dharma -- the religion; nama-sankirtana -- congregational
chanting of the holy name; sara -- the essence.
TRANSLATION
In Srimad-Bhagavatam it is repeatedly and clearly said that the essence
of religion in the Age of Kali is the chanting of the holy name of Krsna.
Adi 3.51
TEXT 51
TEXT
iti dvapara urv-isa
stuvanti jagad-isvaram
nana-tantra-vidhanena
kalav api yatha srnu
SYNONYMS
iti -- thus; dvapare -- in the Dvapara Age; uru-isa -- O King; stuvanti -
- they praise; jagat-isvaram -- the Lord of the universe; nana --
various; tantra -- of scriptures; vidhanena -- by the regulations; kalau
-- in the Age of Kali; api -- also; yatha -- in which manner; srnu --
please hear.
TRANSLATION
"O King, in this way people in Dvapara-yuga worshiped the Lord of the
universe. In Kali-yuga they also worship the Supreme Personality of
Godhead by the regulations of the revealed scriptures. Kindly now hear
of that from me.
PURPORT
This verse is spoken by Saint Karabhajana in Srimad-Bhagavatam (11.5.31).
Adi 3.52
TEXT 52
krsna-varnam tvisakrsnam
sangopangastra-parsadam
yajnaih sankirtana-prayair
yajanti hi su-medhasah
SYNONYMS
krsna-varnam -- repeating the syllables krs-na; tvisa -- with a luster;
akrsnam -- not black (golden); sa-anga -- along with associates; upanga -
- servitors; astra -- weapons; parsadam -- confidential companions;
yajnaih -- by sacrifice; sankirtana-prayaih -- consisting chiefly of
congregational chanting; yajanti -- they worship; hi -- certainly; su-
medhasah -- intelligent persons.
TRANSLATION
"In the Age of Kali, intelligent persons perform congregational chanting
to worship the incarnation of Godhead who constantly sings the name of
Krsna. Although His complexion is not blackish, He is Krsna Himself. He
is accompanied by His associates, servants, weapons and confidential
companions."
PURPORT
This text is from Srimad-Bhagavatam (11.5.32). Srila Jiva Gosvami has
explained this verse in his commentary on the Bhagavatam, known as the
Krama-sandarbha, wherein he says that Lord Krsna also appears with a
golden complexion. That golden Lord Krsna is Lord Caitanya, who is
worshiped by intelligent men in this age. That is confirmed in Srimad-
Bhagavatam by Garga Muni, who said that although the child Krsna was
blackish, He also appears in three other colors -- red, white and yellow.
He exhibited His white and red complexions in the Satya and Treta ages
respectively. He did not exhibit the remaining color, yellow-gold, until
He appeared as Lord Caitanya, who is known as Gaura Hari.
Srila Jiva Gosvami explains that krsna-varnam means Sri Krsna Caitanya.
Krsna-varna and Krsna Caitanya are equivalent. The name Krsna appears
with both Lord Krsna and Lord Caitanya Krsna. Lord Sri Caitanya
Mahaprabhu is the Supreme Personality of Godhead, but He always engages
in describing Krsna and thus enjoys transcendental bliss by chanting and
remembering His name and form. Lord Krsna Himself appears as Lord
Caitanya to preach the highest gospel.
Lord Caitanya always chants the holy name of Krsna and describes it also,
and because He is Krsna Himself, whoever meets Him will automatically
chant the holy name of Krsna and later describe it to others. He injects
one with transcendental Krsna consciousness, which merges the chanter in
transcendental bliss. In all respects, therefore, He appears before
everyone as Krsna, either by personality or by sound. Simply by seeing
Lord Caitanya one at once remembers Lord Krsna. One may therefore accept
Him as visnu-tattva. In other words, Lord Caitanya is Lord Krsna Himself.
Sangopangastra-parsadam further indicates that Lord Caitanya is Lord
Krsna. His body is always decorated with ornaments of sandalwood and
with sandalwood paste. By His superexcellent beauty He subdues all the
people of the age. In other descents the Lord sometimes used weapons to
defeat the demoniac, but in this age the Lord subdues them with His all-
attractive figure as Caitanya Mahaprabhu. Srila Jiva Gosvami explains
that His beauty is His astra, or weapon, to subdue the demons. Because
He is all-attractive, it is to be understood that all the demigods lived
with Him as His companions. His acts were uncommon and His associates
wonderful. When He propagated the sankirtana movement, He attracted many
great scholars and acaryas, especially in Bengal and Orissa. Lord
Caitanya is always accompanied by His best associates like Lord
Nityananda, Advaita, Gadadhara and Srivasa.
Srila Jiva Gosvami cites a verse from the Vedic literature which says
that there is no necessity of performing sacrificial demonstrations or
ceremonial functions. He comments that instead of engaging in such
external, pompous exhibitions, all people, regardless of caste, color or
creed, can assemble together and chant Hare Krsna to worship Lord
Caitanya. Krsna-varnam tvisakrsnam [SB 11.5.32] indicates that
prominence should be given to the name of Krsna. Lord Caitanya taught
Krsna consciousness and chanted the name of Krsna. Therefore, to worship
Lord Caitanya, everyone should together chant the maha-mantra -- Hare
Krsna, Hare Krsna, Krsna Krsna, Hare Hare/ Hare Rama, Hare Rama, Rama
Rama, Hare Hare. To propagate worship in churches, temples or mosques is
not possible, because people have lost interest in that. But anywhere
and everywhere, people can chant Hare Krsna. Thus worshiping Lord
Caitanya, they can perform the highest activity and fulfill the highest
religious purpose of satisfying the Supreme Lord.
Srila Sarvabhauma Bhattacarya, a famous disciple of Lord Caitanya, said,
"The principle of transcendental devotional service having been lost,
Sri Krsna Caitanya has appeared in order to deliver again the process of
devotion. He is so kind that He is distributing love of Krsna. Everyone
should be attracted more and more to His lotus feet, as humming bees are
attracted to a lotus flower."
Adi 3.53
TEXT 53
TEXT
suna, bhai, ei saba caitanya-mahima
ei sloke kahe tanra mahimara sima
SYNONYMS
suna -- please hear; bhai -- O brothers; ei -- this; saba -- all;
caitanya -- of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; mahima -- the glories; ei --
this; sloke -- verse; kahe -- says; tanra -- of Him; mahimara -- of the
glories; sima -- the limit.
TRANSLATION
My dear brothers, please hear all these glories of Lord Caitanya. This
verse clearly summarizes His activities and characteristics.
Adi 3.54
TEXT 54
TEXT
‘krsna' ei dui varna sada yanra mukhe
athava, krsnake tinho varne nija sukhe
SYNONYMS
krsna -- krs-na; ei -- these; dui -- two; varna -- syllables; sada --
always; yanra -- of whom; mukhe -- in the mouth; athava -- or else;
krsnake -- Lord Krsna; tinho -- He; varne -- describes; nija -- His own;
sukhe -- in happiness.
TRANSLATION
The two syllables "krs-na" are always in His mouth; or, He constantly
describes Krsna with great pleasure.
Adi 3.55
TEXT 55
TEXT
krsna-varna-sabdera artha dui ta pramana
krsna vinu tanra mukhe nahi aise ana
SYNONYMS
krsna-varna-sabdera -- of the word krsna-varna; artha -- the meaning;
dui -- two; ta -- certainly; pramana -- examples; krsna -- Krsna; vinu --
except for; tanra -- of Him; mukhe -- in the mouth; nahi aise -- does
not come; ana -- anything else.
TRANSLATION
These are two meanings of the word "krsna-varna." Indeed, nothing else
but Krsna issues from His mouth.
Adi 3.56
TEXT 56
TEXT
keha tanre bale yadi krsna-varana
ara visesane tara kare nivarana
SYNONYMS
keha -- someone; tanre -- to Him; bale -- ascribes; yadi -- if; krsna --
black; varana -- the color; ara -- another; visesane -- in the adjective;
tara -- of that; kare -- does; nivarana -- prevention.
TRANSLATION
If someone tries to describe Him as being of blackish complexion, the
next adjective [tvisa akrsnam] immediately restricts him.
Adi 3.57
TEXT 57
TEXT
deha-kantye haya tenho akrsna-varana
akrsna-varane kahe pita-varana
SYNONYMS
deha-kantye -- in the luster of the body; haya -- is; tenho -- He;
akrsna -- not black; varana -- the color; akrsna-varane -- by a color
that is not blackish; kahe -- one means; pita -- yellow; varana -- the
color.
TRANSLATION
His complexion is certainly not blackish. Indeed, His not being blackish
indicates that His complexion is yellow.
Adi 3.58
TEXT 58
TEXT
kalau yam vidvamsah sphutam abhiyajante dyuti-bharad
akrsnangam krsnam makha-vidhibhir utkirtana-mayaih
upasyam ca prahur yam akhila-caturthasrama-jusam
sa devas caitanyakrtir atitaram nah krpayatu
SYNONYMS
kalau -- in the Age of Kali; yam -- Him whom; vidvamsah -- the learned
men; sphutam -- clearly manifested; abhiyajante -- worship; dyuti-bharat
-- due to an abundance of bodily luster; akrsna-angam -- whose body is
not blackish; krsnam -- Lord Krsna; makha-vidhibhih -- by the
performances of sacrifice; utkirtana-mayaih -- consisting of loud
chanting of the holy name; upasyam -- worshipable object; ca -- and;
prahuh -- they said; yam -- whom; akhila -- all; caturtha-asrama-jusam --
of those who are in the fourth order of life (sannyasa); sah -- He;
devah -- the Supreme Personality of Godhead; caitanya-akrtih -- having
the form of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; atitaram -- excessively; nah --
unto us; krpayatu -- let Him show His mercy.
TRANSLATION
"By performing the sacrifice of congregational chanting of the holy name,
learned scholars in the Age of Kali worship Lord Krsna, who is now
nonblackish because of the great upsurge of the feelings of Srimati
Radharani. He is the only worshipable Deity for the paramahamsas, who
have attained the highest stage of the fourth order [sannyasa]. May that
Supreme Personality of Godhead, Lord Caitanya, show us His great
causeless mercy."
PURPORT
This verse is Dvitiya Sri Caitanyastaka 1, from the Stava-mala of Srila
Rupa Gosvami.
Adi 3.59
TEXT 59
TEXT
pratyaksa tanhara tapta-kancanera dyuti
yanhara chataya nase ajnana-tamastati
SYNONYMS
pratyaksa -- vivid; tanhara -- of Him; tapta -- molten; kancanera -- of
gold; dyuti -- effulgence; yanhara -- of whom; chataya -- by the luster;
nase -- destroys; ajnana -- of ignorance; tamastati -- the extent of the
darkness.
TRANSLATION
One can vividly see His glowing complexion of molten gold, which dispels
the darkness of ignorance.
Adi 3.60
TEXT 60
TEXT
jivera kalmasa-tamo nasa karibare
anga-upanga-nama nana astra dhare
SYNONYMS
jivera -- of the living entity; kalmasa -- of sinful activities; tamah --
the darkness; nasa karibare -- for destroying; anga -- associates;
upanga -- devotees; nama -- holy names; nana -- various; astra --
weapons; dhare -- He holds.
TRANSLATION
The sinful life of the living beings results from ignorance. To destroy
that ignorance, He has brought various weapons, such as His plenary
associates, His devotees and the holy name.
Adi 3.61
TEXT 61
TEXT
bhaktira virodhi karma-dharma va adharma
tahara ‘kalmasa' nama, sei maha-tamah
SYNONYMS
bhaktira -- to devotional service; virodhi -- averse; karma -- activity;
dharma -- religious; va -- or; adharma -- irreligious; tahara -- of that;
kalmasa -- sin; nama -- the name; sei -- this; maha-tamah -- great
darkness.
TRANSLATION
The greatest ignorance consists of activities, whether religious or
irreligious, that are opposed to devotional service. They are to be
known as sins [kalmasa].
Adi 3.62
TEXT 62
TEXT
bahu tuli' hari bali' prema-drstye caya
kariya kalmasa nasa premete bhasaya
SYNONYMS
bahu tuli' -- raising the arms; hari bali' -- chanting the holy name;
prema-drstye -- with His glance of deep love; caya -- He looks; kariya --
causing; kalmasa -- to sins; nasa -- destruction; premete -- in love of
God; bhasaya -- He floods.
TRANSLATION
Raising His arms, chanting the holy name and looking upon all with deep
love, He drives away all sins and floods everyone with love of Godhead.
Adi 3.63
TEXT 63
TEXT
smitalokah sokam harati jagatam yasya parito
giram tu prarambhah kusala-patalim pallavayati
padalambhah kam va pranayati na hi prema-nivaham
sa devas caitanyakrtir atitaram nah krpayatu
SYNONYMS
smita -- smiling; alokah -- glance; sokam -- the bereavement; harati --
takes away; jagatam -- of the world; yasya -- whose; paritah -- all
around; giram -- of the speech; tu -- also; prarambhah -- the beginning;
kusala -- of auspiciousness; patalim -- the mass; pallavayati -- causes
to blossom; pada-alambhah -- the taking hold of the lotus feet; kam va --
what possibly; pranayati -- leads to; na -- not; hi -- certainly; prema-
nivaham -- quantity of love of Godhead; sah -- He; devah -- the Supreme
Personality of Godhead; caitanya-akrtih -- having the form of Lord
Caitanya Mahaprabhu; atitaram -- excessively; nah -- unto us; krpayatu --
may He show His mercy.
TRANSLATION
"May the Supreme Personality of Godhead in the form of Lord Sri Caitanya
bestow His causeless mercy upon us. His smiling glance at once drives
away all the bereavements of the world, and His very words enliven the
auspicious creepers of devotion by expanding their leaves. Taking
shelter of His lotus feet invokes transcendental love of God at once."
PURPORT
This verse is Dvitiya Sri Caitanyastaka 8, from the Stava-mala of Srila
Rupa Gosvami.
Adi 3.64
TEXT 64
TEXT
sri-anga, sri-mukha yei kare darasana
tara papa-ksaya haya, paya prema-dhana
SYNONYMS
sri-anga -- His body; sri-mukha -- His face; yei -- anyone who; kare --
does; darasana -- seeing; tara -- of him; papa-ksaya -- destruction of
sins; haya -- there is; paya -- obtains; prema-dhana -- the wealth of
love of Godhead.
TRANSLATION
Anyone who looks upon His beautiful body or beautiful face becomes freed
from all sins and obtains the wealth of love of Godhead.
Adi 3.65
TEXT 65
TEXT
anya avatare saba sainya-sastra sange
caitanya-krsnera sainya anga-upange
SYNONYMS
anya -- other; avatare -- in incarnations; saba -- all; sainya --
soldiers; sastra -- and weapons; sange -- along with; caitanya-krsnera --
of Lord Krsna as Lord Caitanya; sainya -- soldiers; anga -- plenary
parts; upange -- and associates.
TRANSLATION
In other incarnations the Lord descended with armies and weapons, but in
this incarnation His soldiers are His plenary parts and associates.
Adi 3.66
TEXT 66
TEXT
sadopasyah sriman dhrta-manuja-kayaih pranayitam
vahadbhir gir-vanair girisa-paramesthi-prabhrtibhih
sva-bhaktebhyah suddham nija-bhajana-mudram upadisan
sa caitanyah kim me punar api drsor yasyati padam
SYNONYMS
sada -- always; upasyah -- worshipable; sriman -- beautiful; dhrta --
who accepted; manuja-kayaih -- the bodies of men; pranayitam -- love;
vahadbhih -- who were bearing; gih-vanaih -- by the demigods; girisa --
Lord Siva; paramesthi -- Lord Brahma; prabhrtibhih -- headed by; sva-
bhaktebhyah -- unto His own devotees; suddham -- pure; nija-bhajana --
of His own worship; mudram -- the mark; upadisan -- instructing; sah --
He; caitanyah -- Lord Caitanya; kim -- what; me -- my; punah -- again;
api -- certainly; drsoh -- of the two eyes; yasyati -- He will go; padam
-- to the abode.
TRANSLATION
"Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu is always the most worshipable Deity of
the demigods, including Lord Siva and Lord Brahma, who came in the garb
of ordinary men, bearing love for Him. He instructs His own pure
devotional service to His own devotees. Will He again be the object of
my vision?"
PURPORT
This verse is Prathama Sri Caitanyastaka 1, from the Stava-mala of Srila
Rupa Gosvami.
Adi 3.67
TEXT 67
TEXT
angopanga astra kare sva-karya-sadhana
‘anga'-sabdera artha ara suna diya mana
SYNONYMS
anga-upanga -- plenary parts and associates; astra -- weapons; kare --
do; sva-karya -- of their own business; sadhana -- as the accomplishment;
anga-sabdera -- of the word anga; artha -- the meaning; ara -- another;
suna -- please hear; diya -- giving; mana -- the mind.
TRANSLATION
His plenary parts and associates perform the work of weapons as their
own specific duties. Please hear from me another meaning of the word "
anga."
Adi 3.68
TEXT 68
TEXT
‘anga'-sabde amsa kahe sastra-paramana
angera avayava ‘upanga'-vyakhyana
SYNONYMS
anga-sabde -- by the word anga, or limb; amsa -- part; kahe -- says;
sastra -- of the scriptures; paramana -- the evidence; angera -- of the
limb; avayava -- the constituent part; upanga-vyakhyana -- the
exposition of the word upanga.
TRANSLATION
According to the evidence of the revealed scriptures, a bodily limb [
anga] is also called a part [amsa], and a part of a limb is called a
partial part [upanga].
Adi 3.69
TEXT 69
TEXT
narayanas tvam na hi sarva-dehinam
atmasy adhisakhila-loka-saksi
narayano 'ngam nara-bhu-jalayanat
tac capi satyam na tavaiva maya
SYNONYMS
narayanah -- Lord Narayana; tvam -- You; na -- not; hi -- certainly;
sarva -- all; dehinam -- of the embodied beings; atma -- the Supersoul;
asi -- You are; adhisa -- O Lord; akhila-loka -- of all the worlds;
saksi -- the witness; narayanah -- known as Narayana; angam -- plenary
portion; nara -- of Nara; bhu -- born; jala -- in the water; ayanat --
due to the place of refuge; tat -- that; ca -- and; api -- certainly;
satyam -- highest truth; na -- not; tava -- Your; eva -- at all; maya --
the illusory energy.
TRANSLATION
"O Lord of lords, You are the seer of all creation. You are indeed
everyone's dearest life. Are You not, therefore, my father, Narayana? ‘
Narayana' refers to one whose abode is in the water born from Nara [
Garbhodakasayi Visnu], and that Narayana is Your plenary portion. All
Your plenary portions are transcendental. They are absolute and are not
creations of maya."
PURPORT
This text was spoken to Lord Krsna by Brahma in Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.14.
14).
Adi 3.70
TEXT 70
TEXT
jala-sayi antar-yami yei narayana
seho tomara amsa, tumi mula narayana
SYNONYMS
jala-sayi -- lying in the water; antah-yami -- indwelling Supersoul; yei
-- He who; narayana -- Lord Narayana; seho -- He; tomara -- Your; amsa --
plenary portion; tumi -- You; mula -- original; narayana -- Narayana.
TRANSLATION
The manifestation of the Narayana who predominates in everyone's heart,
as well as the Narayana who lives in the waters [Karana, Garbha and
Ksira], is Your plenary portion. You are therefore the original Narayana.
Adi 3.71
TEXT 71
TEXT
‘anga'-sabde amsa kahe, seho satya haya
maya-karya nahe -- saba cid-ananda-maya
SYNONYMS
anga-sabde -- by the word anga; amsa -- plenary portion; kahe -- one
means; seho -- that; satya -- the truth; haya -- is; maya -- of the
material energy; karya -- the work; nahe -- is not; saba -- all; cit-
ananda-maya -- full of knowledge and bliss.
TRANSLATION
The word "anga" indeed refers to plenary portions. Such manifestations
should never be considered products of material nature, for they are all
transcendental, full of knowledge and full of bliss.
PURPORT
In the material world, if a fragment is taken from an original object,
the original object is reduced by the removal of that fragment. But the
Supreme Personality of Godhead is not at all affected by the actions of
maya. The Isopanisad says:
om purnam adah purnam idam
purnat purnam udacyate
purnasya purnam adaya
purnam evavasisyate
"The Personality of Godhead is perfect and complete, and because He is
completely perfect, all emanations from Him, such as this phenomenal
world, are perfectly equipped as complete wholes. Whatever is produced
of the complete whole is also complete in itself. Because He is the
complete whole, even though so many complete units emanate from Him, He
remains the complete balance." (Sri Isopanisad, Invocation)
In the realm of the Absolute, one plus one equals one, and one minus one
equals one. Therefore one should not conceive of a fragment of the
Supreme Lord in the material sense. In the spiritual world there is no
influence of the material energy or material calculations of fragments.
In the Fifteenth Chapter of the Bhagavad-gita, the Lord says that the
living entities are His parts and parcels. There are innumerable living
entities throughout the material and spiritual universes, but still Lord
Krsna is full in Himself. To think that God has lost His personality
because His many parts and parcels are distributed all over the universe
is an illusion. That is a material calculation. Such calculations are
possible only under the influence of the material energy, maya. In the
spiritual world the material energy is conspicuous only by its absence.
In the category of visnu-tattva there is no loss of power from one
expansion to the next, any more than there is a loss of illumination as
one candle kindles another. Thousands of candles may be kindled by an
original candle, and all will have the same candle power. In this way it
is to be understood that although all the visnu-tattvas, from Krsna and
Lord Caitanya to Rama, Nrsimha, Varaha and so on, appear with different
features in different ages, all are equally invested with supreme
potency.
Demigods such as Lord Brahma and Lord Siva come in contact with the
material energy, and their power and potency are therefore of different
gradations. All the incarnations of Visnu, however, are equal in potency,
for the influence of maya cannot even approach Them.
Adi 3.72
TEXT 72
TEXT
advaita, nityananda -- caitanyera dui anga
angera avayava-gana kahiye upanga
SYNONYMS
advaita -- Advaita Acarya; nityananda -- Lord Nityananda; caitanyera --
of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; dui -- two; anga -- limbs; angera -- of the
limbs; avayava-gana -- the constituent parts; kahiye -- I say; upanga --
parts.
TRANSLATION
Sri Advaita Prabhu and Sri Nityananda Prabhu are both plenary portions
of Lord Caitanya. Thus They are the limbs [angas] of His body. The parts
of these two limbs are called the upangas.
Adi 3.73
TEXT 73
TEXT
angopanga tiksna astra prabhura sahite
sei saba astra haya pasanda dalite
SYNONYMS
anga-upanga -- plenary portions and parts; tiksna -- sharp; astra --
weapons; prabhura sahite -- along with Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; sei --
these; saba -- all; astra -- weapons; haya -- are; pasanda -- the
atheists; dalite -- to trample.
TRANSLATION
Thus the Lord is equipped with sharp weapons in the form of His parts
and plenary portions. All these weapons are competent enough to crush
the faithless atheists.
PURPORT
The word pasanda is very significant here. One who compares the Supreme
Personality of Godhead to the demigods is known as a pasanda. Pasandas
try to bring the Supreme Lord down to a mundane level. Sometimes they
create their own imaginary God or accept an ordinary person as God and
advertise him as equal to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. They are
so foolish that they present someone as the next incarnation of Lord
Caitanya or Krsna although his activities are all contradictory to those
of a genuine incarnation, and thus they fool the innocent public. One
who is intelligent and who studies the characteristics of the Supreme
Personality of Godhead with reference to the Vedic context cannot be
bewildered by the pasandas.
Pasandas, or atheists, cannot understand the pastimes of the Supreme
Lord or transcendental loving service to the Lord. They think that
devotional service is no better than ordinary fruitive activities (karma)
. As the Bhagavad-gita (4.8) confirms, however, the Supreme Personality
of Godhead and His devotees, saving the righteous and chastising the
miscreants (paritranaya sadhunam vinasaya ca duskrtam), always curb
these nonsensical atheists. Miscreants always want to deny the Supreme
Personality of Godhead and put stumbling blocks in the path of
devotional service. The Lord sends His bona fide representatives and
appears Himself to curb this nonsense.
Adi 3.74
TEXT 74
TEXT
nityananda gosani saksat haladhara
advaita acarya gosani saksat isvara
SYNONYMS
nityananda gosani -- Lord Nityananda Gosani; saksat -- directly; hala-
dhara -- Lord Balarama, the holder of the plow; advaita acarya gosani --
Sri Advaita Acarya Gosani; saksat -- directly; isvara -- the Personality
of Godhead.
TRANSLATION
Sri Nityananda Gosani is directly Haladhara [Lord Balarama], and Advaita
Acarya is the Personality of Godhead Himself.
Adi 3.75
TEXT 75
TEXT
srivasadi parisada sainya sange lana
dui sena-pati bule kirtana kariya
SYNONYMS
srivasa-adi -- Srivasa and others; parisada -- associates; sainya --
soldiers; sange -- along with; lana -- taking; dui -- two; sena-pati --
captains; bule -- travel; kirtana kariya -- chanting the holy name.
TRANSLATION
These two captains, with Their soldiers such as Srivasa Thakura, travel
everywhere, chanting the holy name of the Lord.
Adi 3.76
TEXT 76
TEXT
pasanda-dalana-vana nityananda raya
acarya-hunkare papa-pasandi palaya
SYNONYMS
pasanda-dalana -- of trampling the atheists; vana -- having the feature;
nityananda -- Lord Nityananda; raya -- the honorable; acarya -- of
Advaita Acarya; hunkare -- by the war cry; papa -- sins; pasandi -- and
atheists; palaya -- run away.
TRANSLATION
Lord Nityananda's very features indicate that He is the subduer of the
unbelievers. All sins and unbelievers flee from the loud shouts of
Advaita Acarya.
Adi 3.77
TEXT 77
TEXT
sankirtana-pravartaka sri-krsna-caitanya
sankirtana-yajne tanre bhaje, sei dhanya
SYNONYMS
sankirtana-pravartaka -- the initiator of congregational chanting; sri-
krsna-caitanya -- Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; sankirtana -- of
congregational chanting; yajne -- by the sacrifice; tanre -- Him; bhaje -
- worships; sei -- he; dhanya -- fortunate.
TRANSLATION
Lord Sri Krsna Caitanya is the initiator of sankirtana [congregational
chanting of the holy name of the Lord]. One who worships Him through
sankirtana is fortunate indeed.
Adi 3.78
TEXT 78
TEXT
sei ta' sumedha, ara kubuddhi samsara
sarva-yajna haite krsna-nama-yajna sara
SYNONYMS
sei -- he; ta' -- certainly; su-medha -- intelligent; ara -- others; ku-
buddhi -- poor understanding; samsara -- in the material world; sarva-
yajna haite -- than all other sacrifices; krsna-nama -- of chanting the
name of Lord Krsna; yajna -- the sacrifice; sara -- the best.
TRANSLATION
Such a person is truly intelligent, whereas others, who have but a poor
fund of knowledge, must endure the cycle of repeated birth and death. Of
all sacrificial performances, the chanting of the Lord's holy name is
the most sublime.
PURPORT
Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu is the father and inaugurator of the
sankirtana movement. One who worships Him by sacrificing his life, money,
intelligence and words for the sankirtana movement is recognized by the
Lord and endowed with His blessings. All others may be said to be
foolish, for of all sacrifices in which a man may apply his energy, a
sacrifice made for the sankirtana movement is the most glorious.
Adi 3.79
TEXT 79
TEXT
koti asvamedha eka krsna nama sama
yei kahe, se pasandi, dande tare yama
SYNONYMS
koti -- ten million; asvamedha -- horse sacrifices; eka -- one; krsna --
of Lord Krsna; nama -- name; sama -- equal to; yei -- one who; kahe --
says; se -- he; pasandi -- atheist; dande -- punishes; tare -- him; yama
-- Yamaraja.
TRANSLATION
One who says that ten million asvamedha sacrifices are equal to the
chanting of the holy name of Lord Krsna is undoubtedly an atheist. He is
sure to be punished by Yamaraja.
PURPORT
In the list of the ten kinds of offenses in chanting the holy name of
the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Hare Krsna, the eighth offense is
dharma-vrata-tyaga-hutadi-sarva-subha-kriya-samyam api pramadah. One
should never consider the chanting of the holy name of Godhead equal to
pious activities like giving charity to brahmanas or saintly persons,
opening charitable educational institutions, distributing free food and
so on. The results of pious activities do not equal the results of
chanting the holy name of Krsna.
The Vedic scriptures say:
go-koti-danam grahane khagasya
prayaga-gangodaka-kalpa-vasah
yajnayutam meru-suvarna-danam
govinda-kirter na samam satamsaih
"Even if one distributes ten million cows in charity during an eclipse
of the sun, lives at the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna for
millions of years, or gives a mountain of gold in sacrifice to the
brahmanas, he does not earn one hundredth part of the merit derived from
chanting Hare Krsna." In other words, one who accepts the chanting of
Hare Krsna to be some kind of pious activity is completely misled. Of
course, it is pious; but the real fact is that Krsna and His name, being
transcendental, are far above all mundane pious activity. Pious activity
is on the material platform, but chanting of the holy name of Krsna is
completely on the spiritual plane. Therefore, although pasandis do not
understand this, pious activity can never compare to the chanting of the
holy name.
Adi 3.80
TEXT 80
TEXT
‘bhagavata-sandarbha'-granthera mangalacarane
e-sloka jiva-gosani kariyachena vyakhyane
SYNONYMS
bhagavata-sandarbha-granthera -- of the book called Bhagavata-sandarbha;
mangala-acarane -- in the auspicious introduction; e-sloka -- this verse;
jiva-gosani -- Jiva Gosvami; kariyachena -- has made; vyakhyane -- in
explaining.
TRANSLATION
In the auspicious introduction to the Bhagavata-sandarbha, Srila Jiva
Gosvami has given the following verse as an explanation.
Adi 3.81
TEXT 81
TEXT
antah krsnam bahir gauram
darsitangadi-vaibhavam
kalau sankirtanadyaih sma
krsna-caitanyam asritah
SYNONYMS
antah -- internally; krsnam -- Lord Krsna; bahih -- externally; gauram --
fair-colored; darsita -- displayed; anga -- limbs; adi -- beginning
with; vaibhavam -- expansions; kalau -- in the Age of Kali; sankirtana-
adyaih -- by congregational chanting, etc.; sma -- certainly; krsna-
caitanyam -- unto Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; asritah -- sheltered.
TRANSLATION
"I take shelter of Lord Sri Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu, who is outwardly
of a fair complexion but is inwardly Krsna Himself. In this Age of Kali
He displays His expansions [His angas and upangas] by performing
congregational chanting of the holy name of the Lord."
PURPORT
Srila Jiva Gosvami has placed the verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam quoted in
text 52 (krsna-varnam tvisakrsnam [SB 11.5.32]) as the auspicious
introduction to his Bhagavata-sandarbha, or Sat-sandarbha. He has
composed this text (81), which is, in effect, an explanation of the
Bhagavatam verse, as the second verse of the same work. The verse from
Srimad-Bhagavatam was enunciated by Karabhajana, one of the nine great
sages, and it is elaborately explained by the Sarva-samvadini, Jiva
Gosvami's commentary on his own Sat-sandarbha.
Antah krsna refers to one who is always thinking of Krsna. This attitude
is a predominant feature of Srimati Radharani. Even though many devotees
always think of Krsna, none can surpass the gopis, among whom Radharani
is the leader in thinking of Krsna. Radharani's Krsna consciousness
surpasses that of all other devotees. Lord Caitanya accepted the
position of Srimati Radharani to understand Krsna; therefore He was
always thinking of Krsna in the same way as Radharani. By thinking of
Lord Krsna, He always overlapped Krsna.
Sri Krsna Caitanya, who was outwardly very fair, with a complexion like
molten gold, simultaneously manifested His eternal associates, opulences,
expansions and incarnations. He preached the process of chanting Hare
Krsna, and those who are under His lotus feet are glorious.
Adi 3.82
TEXT 82
TEXT
upa-puraneha suni sri-krsna-vacana
krpa kari vyasa prati kariyachena kathana
SYNONYMS
upa-puraneha -- in the Upapuranas; suni -- we hear; sri-krsna-vacana --
the words of Lord Krsna; krpa kari -- having mercy; vyasa prati --
toward Vyasadeva; kariyachena -- He did; kathana -- speaking.
TRANSLATION
In the Upapuranas we hear Sri Krsna showing His mercy to Vyasadeva by
speaking to him as follows.
Adi 3.83
TEXT 83
TEXT
aham eva kvacid brahman
sannyasasramam asritah
hari-bhaktim grahayami
kalau papa-hatan naran
SYNONYMS
aham -- I; eva -- certainly; kvacit -- somewhere; brahman -- O brahmana;
sannyasa-asramam -- the renounced order of life; asritah -- taking
recourse to; hari-bhaktim -- devotional service to the Supreme
Personality of Godhead; grahayami -- I shall give; kalau -- in the Age
of Kali; papa-hatan -- sinful; naran -- to men.
TRANSLATION
"O learned brahmana, sometimes I accept the renounced order of life to
induce the fallen people of the Age of Kali to accept devotional service
to the Lord."
Adi 3.84
TEXT 84
TEXT
bhagavata, bharata-sastra, agama, purana
caitanya-krsna-avatare prakata pramana
SYNONYMS
bhagavata -- Srimad-Bhagavatam; bharata-sastra -- Mahabharata; agama --
Vedic literatures; purana -- the Puranas; caitanya -- as Lord Caitanya
Mahaprabhu; krsna -- of Lord Krsna; avatare -- in the incarnation;
prakata -- displayed; pramana -- evidence.
TRANSLATION
Srimad-Bhagavatam, the Mahabharata, the Puranas and other Vedic
literatures all give evidence to prove that Lord Sri Krsna Caitanya
Mahaprabhu is the incarnation of Krsna.
Adi 3.85
TEXT 85
TEXT
pratyakse dekhaha nana prakata prabhava
alaukika karma, alaukika anubhava
SYNONYMS
pratyakse -- directly; dekhaha -- just see; nana -- various; prakata --
manifested; prabhava -- influence; alaukika -- uncommon; karma --
activities; alaukika -- uncommon; anubhava -- realizations in Krsna
consciousness.
TRANSLATION
One can also directly see Lord Caitanya's manifest influence in His
uncommon deeds and uncommon Krsna conscious realization.
Adi 3.86
TEXT 86
TEXT
dekhiya na dekhe yata abhaktera gana
uluke na dekhe yena suryera kirana
SYNONYMS
dekhiya -- seeing; na dekhe -- they do not see; yata -- all; abhaktera --
of nondevotees; gana -- crowds; uluke -- the owl; na dekhe -- does not
see; yena -- just as; suryera -- of the sun; kirana -- rays.
TRANSLATION
But faithless unbelievers do not see what is clearly evident, just as
owls do not see the rays of the sun.
Adi 3.87
TEXT 87
TEXT
tvam sila-rupa-caritaih parama-prakrstaih
sattvena sattvikataya prabalais ca sastraih
prakhyata-daiva-paramartha-vidam matais ca
naivasura-prakrtayah prabhavanti boddhum
SYNONYMS
tvam -- You; sila -- character; rupa -- forms; caritaih -- by acts;
parama -- most; prakrstaih -- eminent; sattvena -- by uncommon power;
sattvikataya -- with the quality of predominant goodness; prabalaih --
great; ca -- and; sastraih -- by the scriptures; prakhyata -- renowned;
daiva -- divine; parama-artha-vidam -- of those who know the highest
goal; mataih -- by the opinions; ca -- and; na -- not; eva -- certainly;
asura-prakrtayah -- those whose disposition is demoniac; prabhavanti --
are able; boddhum -- to know.
TRANSLATION
"O my Lord, those influenced by demoniac principles cannot realize You,
although You are clearly the Supreme by dint of Your exalted activities,
forms, character and uncommon power, which are confirmed by all the
revealed scriptures in the quality of goodness and the celebrated
transcendentalists in the divine nature."
PURPORT
This is a verse from the Stotra-ratna (12) of Yamunacarya, the spiritual
master of Ramanujacarya. The authentic scriptures describe the
transcendental activities, features, form and qualities of Krsna, and
Krsna explains Himself in the Bhagavad-gita, the most authentic
scripture in the world. He is further explained in Srimad-Bhagavatam,
which is considered the explanation of the Vedanta-sutra. Lord Krsna is
accepted as the Supreme Personality of Godhead by these authentic
scriptures, not simply by vox populi. In the modern age a certain class
of fools think that they can vote anyone into the position of God, as
they can vote a man into the position of a political executive head. But
the transcendental Supreme Personality of Godhead is perfectly described
in the authentic scriptures. In the Bhagavad-gita the Lord says that
only fools deride Him, thinking that anyone can speak like Krsna.
Even according to historical references, Krsna's activities are most
uncommon. Krsna has affirmed, "I am God," and He has acted accordingly.
Mayavadis think that everyone can claim to be God, but that is their
illusion, for no one else can perform such extraordinary activities as
Krsna. When He was a child on the lap of His mother, He killed the demon
Putana. Then He killed the demons Trnavarta, Vatsasura and Baka. When He
was a little more grown up, He killed the demons Aghasura and Rsabhasura.
Therefore God is God from the very beginning. The idea that someone can
become God by meditation is ridiculous. By hard endeavor one may realize
his godly nature, but he will never become God. The asuras, or demons,
who think that anyone can become God, are condemned.
The authentic scriptures are compiled by personalities like Vyasadeva,
Narada, Asita and Parasara, who are not ordinary men. All the followers
of the Vedic way of life have accepted these famous personalities, whose
authentic scriptures conform to the Vedic literature. Nevertheless, the
demoniac do not believe their statements, and they purposely oppose the
Supreme Personality of Godhead and His devotees. Today it is fashionable
for common men to write whimsical words as so-called incarnations of God
and be accepted as authentic by other common men. This demoniac
mentality is condemned in the Seventh Chapter of the Bhagavad-gita,
wherein it is said that those who are miscreants and the lowest of
mankind, who are fools and asses, cannot accept the Supreme Personality
of Godhead because of their demoniac nature. They are compared to ulukas,
or owls, who cannot open their eyes in the sunlight. Because they
cannot bear the sunlight, they hide themselves from it and never see it.
They cannot believe that there is such illumination.
Adi 3.88
TEXT 88
TEXT
apana lukaite krsna nana yatna kare
tathapi tanhara bhakta janaye tanhare
SYNONYMS
apana -- Himself; lukaite -- to hide; krsna -- Lord Krsna; nana --
various; yatna -- efforts; kare -- makes; tathapi -- still; tanhara --
His; bhakta -- devotees; janaye -- know; tanhare -- Him.
TRANSLATION
Lord Sri Krsna tries to hide Himself in various ways, but nevertheless
His pure devotees know Him as He is.
Adi 3.89
TEXT 89
TEXT
ullanghita-trividha-sima-samatisayi-
sambhavanam tava parivradhima-svabhavam
maya-balena bhavatapi niguhyamanam
pasyanti kecid anisam tvad-ananya-bhavah
SYNONYMS
ullanghita -- passed over; tri-vidha -- three kinds; sima -- the
limitations; sama -- of equal; atisayi -- and of excelling; sambhavanam -
- by which the adequacy; tava -- Your; parivradhima -- of supremacy;
svabhavam -- the real nature; maya-balena -- by the strength of the
illusory energy; bhavata -- Your; api -- although; niguhyamanam -- being
hidden; pasyanti -- they see; kecit -- some; anisam -- always; tvat --
to You; ananya-bhavah -- those who are exclusively devoted.
TRANSLATION
"O my Lord, everything within material nature is limited by time, space
and thought. Your characteristics, however, being unequaled and
unsurpassed, are always transcendental to such limitations. You
sometimes cover such characteristics by Your own energy, but
nevertheless Your unalloyed devotees are always able to see You under
all circumstances."
PURPORT
This verse is also quoted from the Stotra-ratna (13) of Yamunacarya.
Everything covered by the influence of maya is within the limited
boundaries of space, time and thought. Even the greatest manifestation
we can conceive, the sky, also has limitations. From the authentic
scriptures, however, it is evident that beyond the sky is a covering of
seven layers, each ten times thicker than the one preceding it. The
covering layers are vast, but with or without coverings, space is
limited. Our power to think about space and time is also limited. Time
is eternal; we may imagine billions and trillions of years, but that
will still be an inadequate estimate of the extent of time. Our
imperfect senses, therefore, cannot think of the greatness of the
Supreme Personality of Godhead, nor can we bring Him within the
limitations of time or our thinking power. His position is accordingly
described by the word ullanghita. He is transcendental to space, time
and thought; although He appears within them, He exists transcendentally.
Even when the Lord's transcendental existence is disguised by space,
time and thought, however, pure devotees of the Supreme Lord can see Him
in His personal features beyond space, time and thought. In other words,
even though the Lord is not visible to the eyes of ordinary men, those
who are beyond the covering layers because of their transcendental
devotional service can still see Him.
The sun may appear covered by a cloud, but actually it is the eyes of
the tiny people below the cloud that are covered, not the sun. If those
tiny people rose above the cloud in an airplane, they could then see the
sunshine and the sun without impediment. Similarly, although the
covering of maya is very strong, Lord Krsna says in the Bhagavad-gita (7.
14):
daivi hy esa guna-mayi
mama maya duratyaya
mam eva ye prapadyante
mayam etam taranti te
"This divine energy of Mine, consisting of the three modes of material
nature, is difficult to overcome. But those who have surrendered unto Me
can easily cross beyond it." To surpass the influence of the illusory
energy is very difficult, but those who are determined to catch hold of
the lotus feet of the Lord are freed from the clutches of maya.
Therefore, pure devotees can understand the Supreme Personality of
Godhead, but demons, because of their miscreant behavior, cannot
understand the Lord, in spite of seeing the many revealed scriptures and
the uncommon activities of the Lord.
Adi 3.90
TEXT 90
TEXT
asura-svabhave krsne kabhu nahi jane
lukaite nare krsna bhakta-jana-sthane
SYNONYMS
asura-svabhave -- those whose nature is demoniac; krsne -- Lord Krsna;
kabhu -- at any time; nahi -- not; jane -- know; lukaite -- to hide;
nare -- is not able; krsna -- Lord Krsna; bhakta-jana -- of pure
devotees; sthane -- in a place.
TRANSLATION
Those whose nature is demoniac cannot know Krsna at any time, but He
cannot hide Himself from His pure devotees.
PURPORT
People who develop the nature of asuras like Ravana and Hiranyakasipu
can never know Krsna, the Personality of Godhead, by challenging the
authority of Godhead. But Sri Krsna cannot hide Himself from His pure
devotees.
Adi 3.91
TEXT 91
TEXT
dvau bhuta-sargau loke 'smin
daiva asura eva ca
visnu-bhaktah smrto daiva
asuras tad-viparyayah
SYNONYMS
dvau -- two; bhuta -- of the living beings; sargau -- dispositions; loke
-- in the world; asmin -- in this; daivah -- godly; asurah -- demoniac;
eva -- certainly; ca -- and; visnu-bhaktah -- a devotee of Lord Visnu;
smrtah -- remembered; daivah -- godly; asurah -- demoniac; tat-
viparyayah -- the opposite of that.
TRANSLATION
"There are two classes of men in the created world. One consists of the
demoniac and the other of the godly. The devotees of Lord Visnu are the
godly, whereas those who are just the opposite are called demons."
PURPORT
This is a verse from the Padma Purana. Visnu-bhaktas, or devotees in
Krsna consciousness, are known as devas (demigods). Atheists, who do not
believe in God or who declare themselves God, are asuras (demons).
Asuras always engage in atheistic material activities, exploring ways to
utilize the resources of matter to enjoy sense gratification. The visnu-
bhaktas, Krsna conscious devotees, are also active, but their objective
is to satisfy the Supreme Personality of Godhead by devotional service.
Superficially both classes may appear to work in the same way, but their
purposes are completely opposite because of a difference in
consciousness. Asuras work for personal sense gratification, whereas
devotees work for the satisfaction of the Supreme Lord. Both work
conscientiously, but their motives are different.
The Krsna consciousness movement is meant for devas, or devotees. Demons
cannot take part in Krsna conscious activities, nor can devotees in
Krsna consciousness take part in demoniac activities or work like cats
and dogs simply for sense gratification. Such activity does not appeal
to those in Krsna consciousness. Devotees accept only the bare
necessities of life to keep themselves fit to act in Krsna consciousness.
The balance of their energy is used for developing Krsna consciousness,
through which one can be transferred to the abode of Krsna by always
thinking of Him, even at the point of death.
Adi 3.92
TEXT 92
TEXT
acarya gosani prabhura bhakta-avatara
krsna-avatara-hetu yanhara hunkara
SYNONYMS
acarya gosani -- Advaita Acarya Gosani; prabhura -- of the Lord; bhakta-
avatara -- incarnation of a devotee; krsna -- of Lord Krsna; avatara --
of the incarnation; hetu -- the cause; yanhara -- whose; hunkara -- loud
calls.
TRANSLATION
Advaita Acarya Gosvami is an incarnation of the Lord as a devotee. His
loud calling was the cause for Krsna's incarnation.
Adi 3.93
TEXT 93
TEXT
krsna yadi prthivite karena avatara
prathame karena guru-vargera sancara
SYNONYMS
krsna -- Lord Krsna; yadi -- if; prthivite -- on the earth; karena --
makes; avatara -- incarnation; prathame -- first; karena -- makes; guru-
vargera -- of the group of respectable predecessors; sancara -- the
advent.
TRANSLATION
Whenever Sri Krsna desires to manifest His incarnation on earth, first
He creates the incarnations of His respectable predecessors.
Adi 3.94
TEXT 94
TEXT
pita mata guru adi yata manya-gana
prathame karena sabara prthivite janama
SYNONYMS
pita -- father; mata -- mother; guru -- spiritual master; adi -- headed
by; yata -- all; manya-gana -- respectable members; prathame -- first;
karena -- He makes; sabara -- of all of them; prthivite -- on earth;
janama -- the births.
TRANSLATION
Thus respectable personalities such as His father, mother and spiritual
master all take birth on earth first.
Adi 3.95
TEXT 95
TEXT
madhava-isvara-puri, saci, jagannatha
advaita acarya prakata haila sei satha
SYNONYMS
madhava -- Madhavendra Puri; isvara-puri -- Isvara Puri; saci --
Sacimata; jagannatha -- Jagannatha Misra; advaita acarya -- Advaita
Acarya; prakata -- manifested; haila -- were; sei -- this; satha -- with.
TRANSLATION
Madhavendra Puri, Isvara Puri, Srimati Sacimata and Srila Jagannatha
Misra all appeared with Sri Advaita Acarya.
PURPORT
Whenever the Supreme Personality of Godhead descends in His human form,
He sends ahead all His devotees, who act as His father, teacher and
associates in many roles. Such personalities appear before the descent
of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Before the appearance of Lord Sri
Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu, there appeared His devotees like Sri
Madhavendra Puri; His spiritual master, Sri Isvara Puri; His mother,
Srimati Saci-devi; His father, Sri Jagannatha Misra; and Sri Advaita
Acarya.
Adi 3.96
TEXT 96
TEXT
prakatiya dekhe acarya sakala samsara
krsna-bhakti gandha-hina visaya-vyavahara
SYNONYMS
prakatiya -- manifesting; dekhe -- He saw; acarya -- Advaita Acarya;
sakala -- all; samsara -- material existence; krsna-bhakti -- of
devotion to Lord Krsna; gandha-hina -- without a trace; visaya -- of the
sense objects; vyavahara -- affairs.
TRANSLATION
Advaita Acarya having appeared, He found the world devoid of devotional
service to Sri Krsna because people were engrossed in material affairs.
Adi 3.97
TEXT 97
TEXT
keha pape, keha punye kare visaya-bhoga
bhakti-gandha nahi, yate yaya bhava-roga
SYNONYMS
keha -- someone; pape -- in sinful activities; keha -- someone; punye --
in pious activities; kare -- do; visaya -- of the sense objects; bhoga --
enjoyment; bhakti-gandha -- a trace of devotional service; nahi --
there is not; yate -- by which; yaya -- goes away; bhava-roga -- the
disease of material existence.
TRANSLATION
Everyone was engaged in material enjoyment, whether sinfully or
virtuously. No one was interested in the transcendental service of the
Lord, which can give total relief from the repetition of birth and death.
PURPORT
Advaita Acarya saw the entire world to be engaged in activities of
material piety and impiety, without a trace of devotional service, or
Krsna consciousness, anywhere. The fact is that in this material world
there is no scarcity of anything except Krsna consciousness. Material
necessities are supplied by the mercy of the Supreme Lord. We sometimes
feel scarcity because of our mismanagement, but the real problem is that
people are out of touch with Krsna consciousness. Everyone is engaged in
material sense gratification, but people have no plan for making an
ultimate solution to their real problems, namely birth, disease, old age
and death. These four material miseries are called bhava-roga, or
material diseases. They can be cured only by Krsna consciousness.
Therefore Krsna consciousness is the greatest benediction for human
society.
Adi 3.98
TEXT 98
TEXT
loka-gati dekhi' acarya karuna-hrdaya
vicara karena, lokera kaiche hita haya
SYNONYMS
loka-gati -- the course of the world; dekhi'-seeing; acarya -- Advaita
Acarya; karuna-hrdaya -- compassionate heart; vicara karena -- considers;
lokera -- of the world; kaiche -- how; hita -- welfare; haya -- there
is.
TRANSLATION
Seeing the activities of the world, the Acarya felt compassion and began
to ponder how He could act for the people's benefit.
PURPORT
This sort of serious interest in the welfare of the public makes one a
bona fide acarya. An acarya does not exploit his followers. Since the
acarya is a confidential servitor of the Lord, his heart is always full
of compassion for humanity in its suffering. He knows that all suffering
is due to the absence of devotional service to the Lord, and therefore
he always tries to find ways to change people's activities, making them
favorable for the attainment of devotion. That is the qualification of
an acarya. Although Sri Advaita Prabhu Himself was powerful enough to do
the work, as a submissive servitor He thought that without the personal
appearance of the Lord, no one could improve the fallen condition of
society.
In the grim clutches of maya, the first-class prisoners of this material
world wrongly think themselves happy because they are rich, powerful,
resourceful and so on. These foolish creatures do not know that they are
nothing but play dolls in the hands of material nature and that at any
moment material nature's pitiless intrigues can crush to dust all their
plans for godless activities. Such foolish prisoners cannot see that
however they improve their position by artificial means, the calamities
of repeated birth, death, disease and old age are always beyond the
jurisdiction of their control. Foolish as they are, they neglect these
major problems of life and busy themselves with false things that cannot
help them solve their real problems. They know that they do not want to
suffer death or the pangs of disease and old age, but under the
influence of the illusory energy, they are grossly negligent and
therefore do nothing to solve the problems. This is called maya. People
held in the grip of maya are thrown into oblivion after death, and as a
result of their karma, in the next life they become dogs or gods,
although most of them become dogs. To become gods in the next life, they
must engage in the devotional service of the Supreme Personality of
Godhead; otherwise, they are sure to become dogs or hogs in terms of the
laws of nature.
The third-class prisoners, being less materially opulent than the first-
class prisoners, endeavor to imitate them, for they also have no
information of the real nature of their imprisonment. Thus they also are
misled by the illusory material nature. The function of the acarya,
however, is to change the activities of both the first-class and third-
class prisoners for their real benefit. This endeavor makes him a very
dear devotee of the Lord, who says clearly in the Bhagavad-gita that no
one in human society is dearer to Him than a devotee who constantly
engages in His service by finding ways to preach the message of Godhead
for the real benefit of the world. The so-called acaryas of the Age of
Kali are more concerned with exploiting the resources of their followers
than mitigating their miseries; but Sri Advaita Prabhu, as an ideal
acarya, was concerned with improving the condition of the world
situation.
Adi 3.99
TEXT 99
TEXT
apani sri-krsna yadi karena avatara
apane acari' bhakti karena pracara
SYNONYMS
apani -- Himself; sri-krsna -- Lord Krsna; yadi -- if; karena -- He
makes; avatara -- incarnation; apane -- Himself; acari' -- practicing;
bhakti -- devotional service; karena -- does; pracara -- propagation.
TRANSLATION
[Advaita Acarya thought:] "If Sri Krsna were to appear as an incarnation,
He Himself could preach devotion by His personal example.
Adi 3.100
TEXT 100
TEXT
nama vinu kali-kale dharma nahi ara
kali-kale kaiche habe krsna avatara
SYNONYMS
nama vinu -- except for the holy name; kali-kale -- in the Age of Kali;
dharma -- religion; nahi -- there is not; ara -- another; kali-kale --
in the Age of Kali; kaiche -- how; habe -- there will be; krsna -- Lord
Krsna; avatara -- incarnation.
TRANSLATION
"In this Age of Kali there is no religion other than the chanting of the
holy name of the Lord, but how in this age will the Lord appear as an
incarnation?
Adi 3.101
TEXT 101
TEXT
suddha-bhave kariba krsnera aradhana
nirantara sadainye kariba nivedana
SYNONYMS
suddha-bhave -- in a purified state of mind; kariba -- I shall do;
krsnera -- of Lord Krsna; aradhana -- worship; nirantara -- constantly;
sa-dainye -- in humility; kariba -- I shall make; nivedana -- request.
TRANSLATION
"I shall worship Krsna in a purified state of mind. I shall constantly
petition Him in humbleness.
Adi 3.102
TEXT 102
TEXT
aniya krsnere karon kirtana sancara
tabe se ‘advaita' nama saphala amara
SYNONYMS
aniya -- bringing; krsnere -- Lord Krsna; karon -- I make; kirtana --
chanting of the holy name; sancara -- advent; tabe -- then; se -- this;
advaita -- nondual; nama -- name; sa-phala -- fulfilled; amara -- My.
TRANSLATION
"My name, ‘Advaita,' will be fitting if I am able to induce Krsna to
inaugurate the movement of the chanting of the holy name."
PURPORT
The nondualist Mayavadi philosopher who falsely believes that he is
nondifferent from the Lord is unable to call Him like Advaita Prabhu.
Advaita Prabhu is nondifferent from the Lord, yet in His relationship
with the Lord He does not merge with Him but eternally renders service
unto Him as a plenary portion. This is inconceivable for Mayavadis
because they think in terms of mundane sense perception and therefore
think that nondualism necessitates losing one's separate identity. It is
clear from this verse, however, that Advaita Prabhu, although retaining
His separate identity, is nondifferent from the Lord.
Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu preached the philosophy of inconceivable,
simultaneous oneness with the Lord and difference from Him. Conceivable
dualism and monism are conceptions of the imperfect senses, which are
unable to reach the Transcendence because the Transcendence is beyond
the conception of limited potency. The actions of Sri Advaita Prabhu,
however, give tangible proof of inconceivable nondualism. One who
therefore surrenders unto Sri Advaita Prabhu can easily follow the
philosophy of inconceivable simultaneous dualism and monism.
Adi 3.103
TEXT 103
TEXT
krsna vasa karibena kon aradhane
vicarite eka sloka aila tanra mane
SYNONYMS
krsna -- Lord Krsna; vasa karibena -- shall propitiate; kon aradhane --
by what worship; vicarite -- while considering; eka -- one; sloka --
verse; aila -- came; tanra -- of Him; mane -- in the mind.
TRANSLATION
While He was thinking about how to propitiate Krsna by worship, the
following verse came to His mind.
Adi 3.104
TEXT 104
TEXT
tulasi-dala-matrena
jalasya culukena va
vikrinite svam atmanam
bhaktebhyo bhakta-vatsalah
SYNONYMS
tulasi -- of tulasi; dala -- a leaf; matrena -- by only; jalasya -- of
water; culukena -- by a palmful; va -- and; vikrinite -- sells; svam --
His own; atmanam -- self; bhaktebhyah -- unto the devotees; bhakta-
vatsalah -- Lord Krsna, who is affectionate to His devotees.
TRANSLATION
"Sri Krsna, who is very affectionate toward His devotees, sells Himself
to a devotee who offers Him merely a tulasi leaf and a palmful of water."
PURPORT
This is a verse from the Gautamiya-tantra.
Adi 3.105–106
TEXTS 105–106
TEXT
ei slokartha acarya karena vicarana
krsnake tulasi-jala deya yei jana
tara rna sodhite krsna karena cintana --
‘jala-tulasira sama kichu ghare nahi dhana'
SYNONYMS
ei -- this; sloka -- of the verse; artha -- the meaning; acarya --
Advaita Acarya; karena -- does; vicarana -- considering; krsnake -- to
Lord Krsna; tulasi-jala -- tulasi and water; deya -- gives; yei jana --
that person who; tara -- to Him; rna -- the debt; sodhite -- to pay;
krsna -- Lord Krsna; karena -- does; cintana -- thinking; jala-tulasira
sama -- equal to water and tulasi; kichu -- any; ghare -- in the house;
nahi -- there is not; dhana -- wealth.
TRANSLATION
Advaita Acarya considered the meaning of the verse in this way: "Not
finding any way to repay the debt He owes to one who offers Him a tulasi
leaf and water, Lord Krsna thinks, ‘There is no wealth in My possession
that is equal to a tulasi leaf and water.'
Adi 3.107
TEXT 107
TEXT
tabe atma veci' kare rnera sodhana
eta bhavi' acarya karena aradhana
SYNONYMS
tabe -- then; atma -- Himself; veci' -- selling; kare -- does; rnera --
of the debt; sodhana -- payment; eta -- thus; bhavi' -- thinking; acarya
-- Advaita Acarya; karena -- does; aradhana -- worshiping.
TRANSLATION
"Thus the Lord liquidates the debt by offering Himself to the devotee."
Considering in this way, the Acarya began worshiping the Lord.
PURPORT
Through devotional service one can easily please Lord Krsna with a leaf
of the tulasi plant and a little water. As the Lord says in the Bhagavad-
gita (9.26), a leaf, a flower, a fruit or some water (patram puspam
phalam toyam), when offered with devotion, very much pleases Him. He
universally accepts the services of His devotees. Even the poorest of
devotees in any part of the world can secure a small flower, fruit or
leaf and a little water, and if these offerings, and especially tulasi
leaves and Ganges water, are offered to Krsna with devotion, He is very
satisfied. It is said that Krsna is so much pleased by such devotional
service that He offers Himself to His devotee in exchange for it. Srila
Advaita Acarya knew this fact, and therefore He decided to call for the
Personality of Godhead Krsna to descend by worshiping the Lord with
tulasi leaves and the water of the Ganges.
Adi 3.108
TEXT 108
TEXT
ganga-jala, tulasi-manjari anuksana
krsna-pada-padma bhavi' kare samarpana
SYNONYMS
ganga-jala -- the water of the Ganges; tulasi-manjari -- buds of the
tulasi plant; anuksana -- constantly; krsna -- of Lord Krsna; pada-padma
-- lotus feet; bhavi' -- thinking of; kare -- does; samarpana --
offering.
TRANSLATION
Thinking of the lotus feet of Sri Krsna, He constantly offered tulasi
buds in water from the Ganges.
Adi 3.109
TEXT 109
TEXT
krsnera ahvana kare kariya hunkara
e-mate krsnere karaila avatara
SYNONYMS
krsnera -- of Lord Krsna; ahvana -- invitation; kare -- makes; kariya --
making; hunkara -- loud shouts; e-mate -- in this way; krsnere -- Lord
Krsna; karaila -- caused to make; avatara -- incarnation.
TRANSLATION
He appealed to Sri Krsna with loud calls and thus made it possible for
Krsna to appear.
Adi 3.110
TEXT 110
TEXT
caitanyera avatare ei mukhya hetu
bhaktera icchaya avatare dharma-setu
SYNONYMS
caitanyera -- of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; avatare -- in the incarnation;
ei -- this; mukhya -- principal; hetu -- cause; bhaktera -- of the
devotee; icchaya -- by the desire; avatare -- He descends; dharma-setu --
protector of religion.
TRANSLATION
Therefore the principal reason for Sri Caitanya's descent is this appeal
by Advaita Acarya. The Lord, the protector of religion, appears by the
desire of His devotee.
Adi 3.111
TEXT 111
TEXT
tvam bhakti-yoga-paribhavita-hrt-saroja
asse sruteksita-patho nanu natha pumsam
yad yad dhiya ta urugaya vibhavayanti
tat tad vapuh pranayase sad-anugrahaya
SYNONYMS
tvam -- You; bhakti-yoga -- by devotional service; paribhavita --
saturated; hrt -- of the heart; saroje -- on the lotus; asse -- dwell;
sruta -- heard; iksita -- seen; pathah -- whose path; nanu -- certainly;
natha -- O Lord; pumsam -- by the devotees; yat yat -- whatever; dhiya --
by the mind; te -- they; uru-gaya -- O Lord, who are glorified in
excellent ways; vibhavayanti -- contemplate upon; tat tat -- that; vapuh
-- form; pranayase -- You manifest; sat -- to Your devotees; anugrahaya -
- to show favor.
TRANSLATION
"O my Lord, You always dwell in the vision and hearing of Your pure
devotees. You also live in their lotuslike hearts, which are purified by
devotional service. O my Lord, who are glorified by exalted prayers, You
show special favor to Your devotees by manifesting Yourself in the
eternal forms in which they welcome You."
PURPORT
This text from Srimad-Bhagavatam (3.9.11) is a prayer by Lord Brahma to
the Supreme Personality of Godhead Krsna for His blessings in the work
of creation. Knowledge of the Supreme Personality of Godhead can be
understood from the descriptions of the Vedic scriptures. For example,
the Brahma-samhita (5.29) describes that in the abode of Lord Krsna,
which is made of cintamani (touchstone), the Lord, acting as a cowherd
boy, is served by hundreds and thousands of goddesses of fortune.
Mayavadis think that the devotees have imagined the form of Krsna, but
the authentic Vedic scriptures have actually described Krsna and His
various transcendental forms.
The word sruta in sruteksita-pathah refers to the Vedas, and iksita
indicates that the way to understand the Supreme Personality of Godhead
is by proper study of the Vedic scriptures. One cannot imagine something
about God or His form. Such imagination is not accepted by those who are
serious about enlightenment. Here Brahma says that one can know Krsna
through the path of properly understanding the Vedic texts. If by
studying the form, name, qualities, pastimes and paraphernalia of the
Supreme Godhead one is attracted to the Lord, he can execute devotional
service, and the form of the Lord will be impressed in his heart and
remain transcendentally situated there. Unless a devotee actually
develops transcendental love for the Lord, it is not possible for him to
think always of the Lord within his heart. Such constant thought of the
Lord is the sublime perfection of the yogic process, as the Bhagavad-
gita confirms in the Sixth Chapter (47), stating that anyone absorbed in
such thought is the best of all yogis. Such transcendental absorption is
known as samadhi. A pure devotee who is always thinking of the Supreme
Personality of Godhead is the person qualified to see the Lord.
One cannot speak of Urugaya (the Lord, who is glorified by sublime
prayers) unless one is transcendentally elevated. The Lord has
innumerable forms, as the Brahma-samhita confirms (advaitam acyutam
anadim ananta-rupam [Bs. 5.33]). The Lord expands Himself in innumerable
svamsa forms. When a devotee, hearing about these innumerable forms,
becomes attached to one and always thinks of Him, the Lord appears to
him in that form. Lord Krsna is especially pleasing to such devotees, in
whose hearts He is always present because of their highly elevated
transcendental love.
Adi 3.112
TEXT 112
TEXT
ei slokera artha kahi sanksepera sara
bhaktera icchaya krsnera sarva avatara
SYNONYMS
ei -- this; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- the meaning; kahi -- I
relate; sanksepera -- of conciseness; sara -- the pith; bhaktera -- of
the devotee; icchaya -- by the desire; krsnera -- of Lord Krsna; sarva --
all; avatara -- incarnations.
TRANSLATION
The essence of the meaning of this verse is that Lord Krsna appears in
all His innumerable eternal forms because of the desires of His pure
devotees.
Adi 3.113
TEXT 113
TEXT
caturtha slokera artha haila suniscite
avatirna haila gaura prema prakasite
SYNONYMS
caturtha -- fourth; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- the meaning; haila
-- was; su-niscite -- very surely; avatirna haila -- incarnated; gaura --
Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; prema -- love of God; prakasite -- to
manifest.
TRANSLATION
Thus I have surely determined the meaning of the fourth verse. Lord
Gauranga [Lord Caitanya] appeared as an incarnation to preach unalloyed
love of God.
Adi 3.114
TEXT 114
TEXT
sri-rupa-raghunatha-pade yara asa
caitanya-caritamrta kahe krsnadasa
SYNONYMS
sri-rupa -- Srila Rupa Gosvami; raghunatha -- Srila Raghunatha dasa
Gosvami; pade -- at the lotus feet of; yara -- whose; asa -- expectation;
Caitanya-caritamrta -- the book named Caitanya-caritamrta; kahe --
describes; krsna-dasa -- Srila Krsnadasa Kaviraja Gosvami.
TRANSLATION
Praying at the lotus feet of Sri Rupa and Sri Raghunatha, always
desiring their mercy, I, Krsnadasa, narrate Sri Caitanya-caritamrta,
following in their footsteps.
Thus end the Bhaktivedanta purports to Sri Caitanya-caritamrta, Adi-lila,
Third Chapter, describing the external reasons for the appearance of
Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
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Adi 3: The External Reasons for the Appearance of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu
Chapter 3:
The External Reasons for the Appearance of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu
In this chapter the author has fully discussed the external reasons for
the descent of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu. The Supreme Personality of
Godhead, Lord Sri Krsna, after displaying His pastimes as Lord Krsna,
thought it wise to make His advent in the form of a devotee to explain
personally the transcendental mellows of reciprocal service and love
exchanged between Himself and His servants, friends, parents and
fiancees. According to the Vedic literature, the foremost occupational
duty for humanity in this Age of Kali is nama-sankirtana, or
congregational chanting of the holy name of the Lord. The incarnation
for this age especially preaches this process, but only Krsna Himself
can explain the confidential loving service performed in the four
principal varieties of loving affairs between the Supreme Lord and His
devotees. Lord Krsna therefore personally appeared, with His plenary
portions, as Lord Caitanya. As stated in this chapter, it was for this
purpose that Lord Krsna appeared personally in Navadvipa in the form of
Sri Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
Krsnadasa Kaviraja has herein presented much authentic evidence from
Srimad-Bhagavatam and other scriptures to substantiate the identity of
Lord Caitanya with Sri Krsna Himself. He has described bodily symptoms
in Lord Caitanya that are visible only in the person of the Supreme Lord,
and he has proved that Lord Caitanya appeared with His personal
associates-Sri Nityananda, Advaita, Gadadhara, Srivasa and other
devotees-to preach the special significance of chanting Hare Krsna. The
appearance of Lord Caitanya is both significant and confidential. He can
be appreciated only by pure devotees and only through the process of
devotional service. The Lord tried to conceal His identity as the
Supreme Personality of Godhead by representing Himself as a devotee, but
His pure devotees could recognize Him by His special features. The Vedas
and Puranas foretell the appearance of Lord Caitanya, but still He is
sometimes called, significantly, the concealed descent of the Supreme
Personality of Godhead.
Advaita Acarya was a contemporary of Lord Caitanya's father. He felt
sorry for the condition of the world because even after Lord Krsna's
appearance, no one had interest in devotional service to Krsna. This
forgetfulness was so overwhelming that Advaita Prabhu was convinced that
no one but Lord Krsna Himself could enlighten people about devotional
service to the Supreme Lord. Therefore Advaita requested Lord Krsna to
appear as Lord Caitanya. Offering tulasi leaves and Ganges water, He
cried for the Lord's appearance. The Lord, being satisfied by His pure
devotees, descends to satisfy them. As such, being pleased by Advaita
Acarya, Lord Caitanya appeared.
Adi 3.1
TEXT 1
TEXT
sri-caitanya-prabhum vande
yat-padasraya-viryatah
sangrhnaty akara-vratad
ajnah siddhanta-san-manin
SYNONYMS
sri-caitanya-prabhum -- to Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; vande -- I offer my
respectful obeisances; yat -- of whom; pada-asraya -- of the shelter of
the lotus feet; viryatah -- from the power; sangrhnati -- collects;
akara-vratat -- from the multitude of mines in the form of scriptures;
ajnah -- a fool; siddhanta -- of conclusion; sat-manin -- the best
jewels.
TRANSLATION
I offer my respectful obeisances to Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu. By the
potency of the shelter of His lotus feet, even a fool can collect the
valuable jewels of conclusive truth from the mines of the revealed
scriptures.
Adi 3.2
TEXT 2
TEXT
jaya jaya sri-caitanya jaya nityananda
jayadvaita-candra jaya gaura-bhakta-vrnda
SYNONYMS
jaya jaya -- all glories; sri-caitanya -- to Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu;
jaya -- all glories; nityananda -- to Lord Nityananda; jaya -- all
glories; advaita-candra -- to Advaita Acarya; jaya -- all glories; gaura-
bhakta-vrnda -- to all the devotees of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
TRANSLATION
All glories to Lord Caitanya! All glories to Lord Nityananda! All
glories to Advaitacandra! And all glories to all the devotees of Lord
Caitanya!
Adi 3.3
TEXT 3
TEXT
trtiya slokera artha kaila vivarana
caturtha slokera artha suna bhakta-gana
SYNONYMS
trtiya -- third; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- meaning; kaila --
there was; vivarana -- description; caturtha -- fourth; slokera -- of
the verse; artha -- meaning; suna -- please hear; bhakta-gana -- O
devotees.
TRANSLATION
I have given the purport of the third verse. Now, O devotees, please
listen to the meaning of the fourth with full attention.
Adi 3.4
TEXT 4
TEXT
anarpita-carim cirat karunayavatirnah kalau
samarpayitum unnatojjvala-rasam sva-bhakti-sriyam
harih purata-sundara-dyuti-kadamba-sandipitah
sada hrdaya-kandare sphuratu vah saci-nandanah
SYNONYMS
anarpita -- not bestowed; carim -- having been formerly; cirat -- for a
long time; karunaya -- by causeless mercy; avatirnah -- descended; kalau
-- in the Age of Kali; samarpayitum -- to bestow; unnata -- elevated;
ujjvala-rasam -- the conjugal mellow; sva-bhakti -- of His own service;
sriyam -- the treasure; harih -- the Supreme Lord; purata -- than gold;
sundara -- more beautiful; dyuti -- of splendor; kadamba -- with a
multitude; sandipitah -- illuminated; sada -- always; hrdaya-kandare --
in the cavity of the heart; sphuratu -- let Him be manifest; vah -- your;
saci-nandanah -- the son of mother Saci.
TRANSLATION
"May the Supreme Lord who is known as the son of Srimati Saci-devi be
transcendentally situated in the innermost core of your heart.
Resplendent with the radiance of molten gold, He has descended in the
Age of Kali by His causeless mercy to bestow what no incarnation has
ever offered before: the most elevated mellow of devotional service, the
mellow of conjugal love."
PURPORT
This is a quotation from the Vidagdha-madhava (1.2), a drama compiled
and edited by Srila Rupa Gosvami.
Adi 3.5
TEXT 5
TEXT
purna bhagavan krsna vrajendra-kumara
goloke vrajera saha nitya vihara
SYNONYMS
purna -- full; bhagavan -- the Supreme Personality of Godhead; krsna --
Lord Krsna; vrajendra-kumara -- the son of the King of Vraja; goloke --
in Goloka; vrajera saha -- along with Vrajadhama; nitya -- eternal;
vihara -- pastimes.
TRANSLATION
Lord Krsna, the son of the King of Vraja, is the Supreme Lord. He
eternally enjoys transcendental pastimes in His eternal abode, Goloka,
which includes Vrajadhama.
PURPORT
In the previous chapter it has been established that Krsna, the son of
Vrajendra (the King of Vraja), is the Supreme Personality of Godhead,
with six opulences. He eternally enjoys transcendentally variegated
opulences on His planet, which is known as Goloka. The eternal pastimes
of the Lord in the spiritual planet Krsnaloka are called aprakata, or
unmanifested, pastimes because they are beyond the purview of the
conditioned souls. Lord Krsna is always present everywhere, but when He
is not present before our eyes, He is said to be aprakata, or
unmanifested.
Adi 3.6
TEXT 6
TEXT
brahmara eka dine tinho eka-bara
avatirna hana karena prakata vihara
SYNONYMS
brahmara -- of Lord Brahma; eka -- one; dine -- in the day; tinho -- He;
eka-bara -- one time; avatirna -- descended; hana -- being; karena --
performs; prakata -- manifest; vihara -- pastimes.
TRANSLATION
Once in a day of Brahma, He descends to this world to manifest His
transcendental pastimes.
Adi 3.7
TEXT 7
TEXT
satya, treta, dvapara, kali, cari-yuga jani
sei cari-yuge divya eka-yuga mani
SYNONYMS
satya -- Satya; treta -- Treta; dvapara -- Dvapara; kali -- Kali; cari-
yuga -- four ages; jani -- we know; sei -- these; cari-yuge -- in the
four ages; divya -- divine; eka-yuga -- one age; mani -- we consider.
TRANSLATION
We know that there are four ages [yugas], namely Satya, Treta, Dvapara
and Kali. These four together constitute one divya-yuga.
Adi 3.8
TEXT 8
TEXT
ekattara catur-yuge eka manv-antara
caudda manv-antara brahmara divasa bhitara
SYNONYMS
ekattara -- seventy-one; catuh-yuge -- in cycles of four ages; eka --
one; manu-antara -- period of a Manu; caudda -- fourteen; manu-antara --
periods of Manu; brahmara -- of Lord Brahma; divasa -- a day; bhitara --
within.
TRANSLATION
Seventy-one divya-yugas constitute one manv-antara. There are fourteen
manv-antaras in one day of Brahma.
PURPORT
A manv-antara is the period controlled by one Manu. The reign of
fourteen Manus equals the length of one day (twelve hours) in the life
of Brahma, and the night of Brahma is of the same duration. These
calculations are given in the authentic astronomy book known as the
Surya-siddhanta. An annotated Bengali translation of this book was
compiled by the great professor of astronomy and mathematics Bimal
Prasad Datta, later known as Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Gosvami, who was
our merciful spiritual master. He was honored with the title Siddhanta
Sarasvati for translating the Surya-siddhanta, and the title Gosvami
Maharaja was added when he accepted sannyasa, the renounced order of
life.
Adi 3.9
TEXT 9
TEXT
‘vaivasvata'-nama ei saptama manv-antara
sataisa catur-yuga tahara antara
SYNONYMS
vaivasvata-nama -- named Vaivasvata; ei -- this; saptama -- seventh;
manu-antara -- period of Manu; sataisa -- twenty-seven; catuh-yuga --
cycles of four ages; tahara -- of that; antara -- period.
TRANSLATION
The present Manu, who is the seventh, is called Vaivasvata [the son of
Vivasvan]. Twenty-seven divya-yugas [27 x 4,320,000 solar years] of his
age have now passed.
PURPORT
The names of the fourteen Manus are as follows: (1) Svayambhuva, (2)
Svarocisa, (3) Uttama, (4) Tamasa, (5) Raivata, (6) Caksusa, (7)
Vaivasvata, (8) Savarni, (9) Daksa-savarni, (10) Brahma-savarni, (11)
Dharma-savarni, (12) Rudraputra (Rudra-savarni), (13) Raucya, or Deva-
savarni, (14) and Bhautyaka, or Indra-savarni.
Adi 3.10
TEXT 10
TEXT
astavimsa catur-yuge dvaparera sese
vrajera sahite haya krsnera prakase
SYNONYMS
astavimsa -- twenty-eighth; catuh-yuge -- in the cycle of four ages;
dvaparera -- of the Dvapara-yuga; sese -- at the end; vrajera sahite --
along with Vraja; haya -- is; krsnera -- of Lord Krsna; prakase --
manifestation.
TRANSLATION
At the end of the Dvapara-yuga of the twenty-eighth divya-yuga, Lord
Krsna appears on earth with the full paraphernalia of His eternal Vraja-
dhama.
PURPORT
Now is the term of Vaivasvata Manu, during which Lord Caitanya appears.
First Lord Krsna appears at the close of the Dvapara-yuga of the twenty-
eighth divya-yuga, and then Lord Caitanya appears in the Kali-yuga of
the same divya-yuga. Lord Krsna and Lord Caitanya appear once in each
day of Brahma, or once in fourteen manv-antaras, each of seventy-one
divya-yugas in duration.
From the beginning of Brahma's day of 4,320,000,000 years, six Manus
appear and disappear before Lord Krsna appears. Thus 1,975,320,000 years
of the day of Brahma elapse before the appearance of Lord Krsna. This is
an astronomical calculation according to solar years.
Adi 3.11
TEXT 11
TEXT
dasya, sakhya, vatsalya, srngara -- cari rasa
cari bhavera bhakta yata krsna tara vasa
SYNONYMS
dasya -- servitude; sakhya -- friendship; vatsalya -- parental affection;
srngara -- conjugal love; cari -- four; rasa -- mellows; cari -- four;
bhavera -- of the sentiments; bhakta -- devotees; yata -- as many as
there are; krsna -- Lord Krsna; tara -- by them; vasa -- subdued.
TRANSLATION
Servitude [dasya], friendship [sakhya], parental affection [vatsalya]
and conjugal love [srngara] are the four transcendental mellows [rasas].
By the devotees who cherish these four mellows, Lord Krsna is subdued.
PURPORT
Dasya, sakhya, vatsalya and srngara are the transcendental modes of
loving service to the Lord. Santa-rasa, or the neutral stage, is not
mentioned in this verse because although in santa-rasa one considers the
Absolute Truth the sublime great, one does not go beyond that conception.
Santa-rasa is a very grand idea for materialistic philosophers, but
such idealistic appreciation is only the beginning; it is the lowest
among the relationships in the spiritual world. Santa-rasa is not given
much importance because as soon as there is a slight understanding
between the knower and the known, active loving transcendental
reciprocations and exchanges begin. Dasya-rasa is the basic relationship
between Krsna and His devotees; therefore this verse considers dasya the
first stage of transcendental devotional service.
Adi 3.12
TEXT 12
TEXT
dasa-sakha-pita-mata-kanta-gana lana
vraje krida kare krsna premavista hana
SYNONYMS
dasa -- servants; sakha -- friends; pita-mata -- father and mother;
kanta-gana -- lovers; lana -- taking; vraje -- in Vraja; krida kare --
plays; krsna -- Lord Krsna; prema-avista -- absorbed in love; hana --
being.
TRANSLATION
Absorbed in such transcendental love, Lord Sri Krsna enjoys in Vraja
with His devoted servants, friends, parents and conjugal lovers.
PURPORT
The descent of Sri Krsna, the Absolute Personality of Godhead, is very
purposeful. In the Bhagavad-gita it is said that one who knows the truth
about Sri Krsna's descent and His various activities is at once
liberated and does not have to fall again to this existence of birth and
death after he leaves his present material body. In other words, one who
factually understands Krsna makes his life perfect. Imperfect life is
realized in material existence, in five different relationships we share
with everyone within the material world: neutrality, servitorship,
friendship, parental love and amorous love between husband and wife or
lover and beloved. These five enjoyable relationships within the
material world are perverted reflections of relationships with the
Absolute Personality of Godhead in the transcendental nature. That
Absolute Personality, Sri Krsna, descends to revive the five eternally
existing relationships. Thus He manifests His transcendental pastimes in
Vraja so that people may be attracted into that sphere of activities and
leave aside their imitation relationships with the mundane. Then, after
fully exhibiting all such activities, the Lord disappears.
Adi 3.13
TEXT 13
TEXT
yathesta vihari' krsna kare antardhana
antardhana kari' mane kare anumana
SYNONYMS
yatha-ista -- as much as He wishes; vihari' -- enjoying; krsna -- Lord
Krsna; kare -- makes; antardhana -- disappearance; antardhana kari' --
disappearing; mane -- in the mind; kare -- He makes; anumana --
consideration.
TRANSLATION
Lord Krsna enjoys His transcendental pastimes as long as He wishes, and
then He disappears. After disappearing, however, He thinks thus:
Adi 3.14
TEXT 14
TEXT
cira-kala nahi kari prema-bhakti dana
bhakti vina jagatera nahi avasthana
SYNONYMS
cira-kala -- for a long time; nahi kari -- I have not done; prema-bhakti
-- loving devotional service; dana -- giving; bhakti -- devotional
service; vina -- without; jagatera -- of the universe; nahi -- not;
avasthana -- existence.
TRANSLATION
"For a long time I have not bestowed unalloyed loving service to Me upon
the inhabitants of the world. Without such loving attachment, the
existence of the material world is useless.
PURPORT
The Lord seldom awards pure transcendental love, but without such pure
love of God, freed from fruitive activities and empiric speculation, one
cannot attain perfection in life.
Adi 3.15
TEXT 15
TEXT
sakala jagate more kare vidhi-bhakti
vidhi-bhaktye vraja-bhava paite nahi sakti
SYNONYMS
sakala -- all; jagate -- in the universe; more -- to Me; kare -- they do;
vidhi-bhakti -- regulative devotional service; vidhi-bhaktye -- by
regulative devotional service; vraja-bhava -- the feelings of those in
Vraja; paite -- to obtain; nahi -- not; sakti -- the power.
TRANSLATION
"Everywhere in the world people worship Me according to scriptural
injunctions. But simply by following such regulative principles one
cannot attain the loving sentiments of the devotees in Vrajabhumi.
Adi 3.16
TEXT 16
TEXT
aisvarya-jnanete saba jagat misrita
aisvarya-sithila-preme nahi mora prita
SYNONYMS
aisvarya-jnanete -- with knowledge of the opulences; saba -- all; jagat -
- the world; misrita -- mixed; aisvarya-sithila-preme -- to love
enfeebled by opulence; nahi -- there is not; mora -- My; prita --
attraction.
TRANSLATION
"Knowing My opulences, the whole world looks upon Me with awe and
veneration. But devotion made feeble by such reverence does not attract
Me.
PURPORT
After His appearance, Lord Krsna thought that He had not distributed the
transcendental personal dealings with His devotees in dasya, sakhya,
vatsalya and madhurya. One may understand the science of the Supreme
Personality of Godhead from the Vedic literatures and thus become a
devotee of the Lord and worship Him within the regulative principles
described in the scriptures, but one will not know in this way how Krsna
is served by the residents of Vrajabhumi. One cannot understand the
dealings of the Lord in Vrndavana simply by executing the ritualistic
regulative principles mentioned in the scriptures. By following
scriptural injunctions one may enhance his appreciation for the glories
of the Lord, but there is no chance for one to enter into personal
dealings with Him. Giving too much attention to understanding the
exalted glories of the Lord reduces the chance of one's entering into
personal loving affairs with the Lord. To teach the principles of such
loving dealings, the Lord decided to appear as Lord Caitanya.
Adi 3.17
TEXT 17
TEXT
aisvarya-jnane vidhi-bhajana kariya
vaikunthake yaya catur-vidha mukti pana
SYNONYMS
aisvarya-jnane -- in knowledge of the opulences; vidhi -- according to
rules and regulations; bhajana -- worship; kariya -- doing; vaikunthake -
- to Vaikuntha; yaya -- they go; catuh-vidha -- four kinds; mukti --
liberation; pana -- achieving.
TRANSLATION
"By performing such regulated devotional service in awe and veneration,
one may go to Vaikuntha and attain the four kinds of liberation.
Adi 3.18
TEXT 18
TEXT
sarsti, sarupya, ara samipya, salokya
sayujya na laya bhakta yate brahma-aikya
SYNONYMS
sarsti -- opulences equal with the Lord's; sarupya -- the same form as
the Lord's; ara -- and; samipya -- personal association with the Lord;
salokya -- residence on a Vaikuntha planet; sayujya -- oneness with the
Lord; na laya -- they do not accept; bhakta -- devotees; yate -- since;
brahma-aikya -- oneness with Brahman.
TRANSLATION
"These liberations are sarsti [achieving opulences equal to those of the
Lord], sarupya [having a form the same as the Lord's], samipya [living
as a personal associate of the Lord] and salokya [living on a Vaikuntha
planet]. Devotees never accept sayujya, however, since that is oneness
with Brahman.
PURPORT
Those engaged in devotional service according to the ritualistic
principles mentioned in the scriptures attain these different kinds of
liberation. But although such devotees can attain sarsti, sarupya,
samipya and salokya, they are not concerned with these liberations, for
such devotees are satisfied only in rendering transcendental loving
service to the Lord. The fifth kind of liberation, sayujya, is never
accepted even by devotees who perform only ritualistic worship. To
attain sayujya, or merging into the Brahman effulgence of the Supreme
Personality of Godhead, is the aspiration of the impersonalists. A
devotee never cares for sayujya liberation.
Adi 3.19
TEXT 19
TEXT
yuga-dharma pravartaimu nama-sankirtana
cari bhava-bhakti diya nacamu bhuvana
SYNONYMS
yuga-dharma -- the religion of the age; pravartaimu -- I shall
inaugurate; nama-sankirtana -- chanting of the holy name; cari -- four;
bhava -- of the moods; bhakti -- devotion; diya -- giving; nacamu -- I
shall cause to dance; bhuvana -- the world.
TRANSLATION
"I shall personally inaugurate the religion of the age -- nama-
sankirtana, the congregational chanting of the holy name. I shall make
the world dance in ecstasy, realizing the four mellows of loving
devotional service.
Adi 3.20
TEXT 20
TEXT
apani karimu bhakta-bhava angikare
apani acari' bhakti sikhaimu sabare
SYNONYMS
apani -- personally; karimu -- I shall make; bhakta-bhava -- the
position of a devotee; angikare -- acceptance; apani -- personally;
acari' -- practicing; bhakti -- devotional service; sikhaimu -- I shall
teach; sabare -- to all.
TRANSLATION
"I shall accept the role of a devotee, and I shall teach devotional
service by practicing it Myself.
PURPORT
When one associates with a pure devotee, he becomes so elevated that he
does not aspire even for sarsti, sarupya, samipya or salokya, because he
feels that such liberation is a kind of sense gratification. Pure
devotees do not ask anything from the Lord for their personal benefit.
Even if offered personal benefits, pure devotees do not accept them,
because their only desire is to satisfy the Supreme Personality of
Godhead by transcendental loving service. No one but the Lord Himself
can teach this highest form of devotional service. Therefore, when the
Lord took the place of the incarnation of Kali-yuga to spread the
glories of chanting Hare Krsna -- the system of worship recommended in
this age -- He also distributed the process of devotional service
performed on the platform of transcendental spontaneous love. To teach
the highest principles of spiritual life, the Lord Himself appeared as a
devotee in the form of Lord Caitanya.
Adi 3.21
TEXT 21
TEXT
apane na kaile dharma sikhana na yaya
ei ta' siddhanta gita-bhagavate gaya
SYNONYMS
apane -- personally; na kaile -- if not practiced; dharma -- religion;
sikhana -- the teaching; na yaya -- does not advance; ei -- this; ta' --
certainly; siddhanta -- conclusion; gita -- in the Bhagavad-gita;
bhagavate -- in Srimad-Bhagavatam; gaya -- they sing.
TRANSLATION
"Unless one practices devotional service himself, he cannot teach it to
others. This conclusion is indeed confirmed throughout the Gita and
Bhagavatam.
Adi 3.22
TEXT 22
TEXT
yada yada hi dharmasya
glanir bhavati bharata
abhyutthanam adharmasya
tadatmanam srjamy aham
SYNONYMS
yada yada -- whenever; hi -- certainly; dharmasya -- of religious
principles; glanih -- decrease; bhavati -- there is; bharata -- O
descendant of Bharata; abhyutthanam -- increase; adharmasya -- of
irreligion; tada -- then; atmanam -- Myself; srjami -- manifest; aham --
I.
TRANSLATION
"‘Whenever and wherever there is a decline in religious practice, O
descendant of Bharata, and a predominant rise of irreligion -- at that
time I descend Myself.
Adi 3.23
TEXT 23
TEXT
paritranaya sadhunam
vinasaya ca duskrtam
dharma-samsthapanarthaya
sambhavami yuge yuge
SYNONYMS
paritranaya -- for the deliverance; sadhunam -- of the devotees;
vinasaya -- for the destruction; ca -- and; duskrtam -- of the
miscreants; dharma -- religious principles; samsthapana-arthaya -- for
the purpose of establishing; sambhavami -- I appear; yuge yuge -- in
every age.
TRANSLATION
"‘To deliver the pious and to annihilate the miscreants, as well as to
reestablish the principles of religion, I Myself appear, millennium
after millennium.'
PURPORT
Texts 22 and 23 were spoken by Lord Krsna in the Bhagavad-gita (4.7–8).
Texts 24 and 25, which follow, are also from the Bhagavad-gita (3.24, 3.
21).
Adi 3.24
TEXT 24
TEXT
utsideyur ime loka
na kuryam karma ced aham
sankarasya ca karta syam
upahanyam imah prajah
SYNONYMS
utsideyuh -- would fall into ruin; ime -- these; lokah -- worlds; na
kuryam -- did not perform; karma -- action; cet -- if; aham -- I;
sankarasya -- of unwanted population; ca -- and; karta -- the creator;
syam -- would become; upahanyam -- would spoil; imah -- these; prajah --
living entities.
TRANSLATION
"‘If I did not show the proper principles of religion, all these worlds
would fall into ruin. I would be the cause of unwanted population and
would spoil all these living beings.'
Adi 3.25
TEXT 25
TEXT
yad yad acarati sresthas
tat tad evetaro janah
sa yat pramanam kurute
lokas tad anuvartate
SYNONYMS
yat yat -- however; acarati -- behaves; sresthah -- the best man; tat
tat -- that; eva -- certainly; itarah -- the lesser; janah -- man; sah --
he; yat -- which; pramanam -- standard; kurute -- shows; lokah -- the
people; tat -- that; anuvartate -- follow.
TRANSLATION
"‘Whatever actions a great man performs, common people follow. And
whatever standards he sets by exemplary acts, all the world pursues.'
Adi 3.26
TEXT 26
TEXT
yuga-dharma-pravartana haya amsa haite
ama vina anye nare vraja-prema dite
SYNONYMS
yuga-dharma -- of the religion of the age; pravartana -- the
inauguration; haya -- is; amsa -- the plenary portion; haite -- from;
ama -- for Me; vina -- except; anye -- another; nare -- is not able;
vraja-prema -- love like that of the residents of Vraja; dite -- to
bestow.
TRANSLATION
"My plenary portions can establish the principles of religion for each
age. No one but Me, however, can bestow the kind of loving service
performed by the residents of Vraja.
Adi 3.27
TEXT 27
TEXT
santv avatara bahavah
pankaja-nabhasya sarvato-bhadrah
krsnad anyah ko va latasv
api prema-do bhavati
SYNONYMS
santu -- let there be; avatarah -- incarnations; bahavah -- many;
pankaja-nabhasya -- of the Lord, from whose navel grows a lotus flower;
sarvatah -- bhadrah -- completely auspicious; krsnat -- than Lord Krsna;
anyah -- other; kah va -- who possibly; latasu -- on the surrendered
souls; api -- also; prema-dah -- the bestower of love; bhavati -- is.
TRANSLATION
"‘There may be many all-auspicious incarnations of the Personality of
Godhead, but who other than Lord Sri Krsna can bestow love of God upon
the surrendered souls?'
PURPORT
This quotation from the writings of Bilvamangala Thakura is found in the
Laghu-bhagavatamrta (1.5.37).
Adi 3.28
TEXT 28
TEXT
tahate apana bhakta-gana kari' sange
prthivite avatari' karimu nana range
SYNONYMS
tahate -- in that; apana -- My own; bhakta-gana -- with devotees; kari' -
- doing; sange -- in association; prthivite -- on the earth; avatari' --
descending; karimu -- I shall perform; nana -- various; range --
colorful pastimes.
TRANSLATION
"Therefore in the company of My devotees I shall appear on earth and
perform various colorful pastimes."
Adi 3.29
TEXT 29
TEXT
eta bhavi' kali-kale prathama sandhyaya
avatirna haila krsna apani nadiyaya
SYNONYMS
eta -- thus; bhavi' -- thinking; kali-kale -- in the Age of Kali;
prathama -- first; sandhyaya -- in the junction; avatirna haila --
descended; krsna -- Lord Krsna; apani -- Himself; nadiyaya -- in Nadia.
TRANSLATION
Thinking thus, the Personality of Godhead, Sri Krsna Himself, descended
at Nadia early in the Age of Kali.
PURPORT
The prathama-sandhya is the beginning of the age. According to
astronomical calculation, the age is divided into twelve parts. The
first of these twelve divisions is known as the prathama-sandhya. The
prathama-sandhya and sesa-sandhya, the last division of the preceding
age, form the junction of the two ages. According to the Surya-siddhanta,
the prathama-sandhya of Kali-yuga lasts 36,000 solar years. Lord
Caitanya appeared in the prathama-sandhya after 4,586 solar years of
Kali-yuga had passed.
Adi 3.30
TEXT 30
TEXT
caitanya-simhera navadvipe avatara
simha-griva, simha-virya, simhera hunkara
SYNONYMS
caitanya-simhera -- of the lionlike Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; navadvipe -
- at Navadvipa; avatara -- the incarnation; simha-griva -- having the
neck of a lion; simha-virya -- the strength of a lion; simhera hunkara --
the roar of a lion.
TRANSLATION
Thus the lionlike Lord Caitanya has appeared in Navadvipa. He has the
shoulders of a lion, the powers of a lion, and the loud voice of a lion.
Adi 3.31
TEXT 31
TEXT
sei simha vasuk jivera hrdaya-kandare
kalmasa-dvirada nase yanhara hunkare
SYNONYMS
sei -- that; simha -- lion; vasuk -- let Him sit; jivera -- of the
living entities; hrdaya -- of the heart; kandare -- in the cavern;
kalmasa -- of sins; dvi-rada -- the elephant; nase -- destroys; yanhara -
- of whom; hunkare -- the roar.
TRANSLATION
May that lion be seated in the core of the heart of every living being.
Thus with His resounding roar may He drive away one's elephantine vices.
Adi 3.32
TEXT 32
TEXT
prathama lilaya tanra ‘visvambhara' nama
bhakti-rase bharila, dharila bhuta-grama
SYNONYMS
prathama -- first; lilaya -- in the pastimes; tanra -- of Him;
visvambhara nama -- the name Visvambhara; bhakti-rase -- with the mellow
of devotional service; bharila -- He filled; dharila -- saved; bhuta-
grama -- all the living entities.
TRANSLATION
In His early pastimes He is known as Visvambhara because He floods the
world with the nectar of devotion and thus saves the living beings.
Adi 3.33
TEXT 33
TEXT
dubhrn dhatura artha -- posana, dharana
pusila, dharila prema diya tri-bhuvana
SYNONYMS
dubhrn -- known as dubhrn (bhr); dhatura -- of the verbal root; artha --
the meaning; posana -- nourishing; dharana -- maintaining; pusila --
nourished; dharila -- maintained; prema diya -- distributing love of God;
tri-bhuvana -- in the three worlds.
TRANSLATION
The verbal root "dubhrn" [which is the root of the word "visvambhara"]
indicates nourishing and maintaining. He [Lord Caitanya] nourishes and
maintains the three worlds by distributing love of God.
Adi 3.34
TEXT 34
TEXT
sesa-lilaya dhare nama ‘sri-krsna-caitanya'
sri-krsna janaye saba visva kaila dhanya
SYNONYMS
sesa-lilaya -- in His final pastimes; dhare -- He held; nama -- the name;
sri-krsna-caitanya -- Sri Krsna Caitanya; sri-krsna -- about Lord Krsna;
janaye -- He taught; saba -- all; visva -- the world; kaila -- made;
dhanya -- fortunate.
TRANSLATION
In His later pastimes He is known as Lord Sri Krsna Caitanya. He blesses
the whole world by teaching about the name and fame of Lord Sri Krsna.
PURPORT
Lord Caitanya remained a householder only until His twenty-fourth year
had passed. Then He entered the renounced order and remained manifest in
this material world until His forty-eighth year. Therefore His sesa-lila,
or the final portion of His activities, lasted twenty-four years.
Some so-called Vaisnavas say that the renounced order of life was not
accepted in the Vaisnava sampradaya, or disciplic succession, until Lord
Caitanya. This is not a very intelligent proposition. Sri Caitanya
Mahaprabhu took the sannyasa order from Sripada Kesava Bharati, who
belonged to the Sankara sect, which approves of only ten names for
sannyasis. Long before the advent of Sripada Sankaracarya, however, the
sannyasa order existed in the Vaisnava line of Visnu Svami. In the Visnu
Svami Vaisnava sampradaya, there are ten different kinds of sannyasa
names and 108 different names for sannyasis who accept the tri-danda,
the triple staff of sannyasa. This is approved by the Vedic rules.
Therefore Vaisnava sannyasa was existent even before the appearance of
Sankaracarya, although those who know nothing about Vaisnava sannyasa
unnecessarily declare that there is no sannyasa in the Vaisnava
sampradaya.
During the time of Lord Caitanya, the influence of Sankaracarya in
society was very strong. People thought that one could accept sannyasa
only in the disciplic succession of Sankaracarya. Lord Caitanya could
have performed His missionary activities as a householder, but He found
householder life an obstruction to His mission. Therefore He decided to
accept the renounced order, sannyasa. Since His acceptance of sannyasa
was also designed to attract public attention, Lord Caitanya, not
wishing to disturb the social convention, took the renounced order of
life from a sannyasi in the disciplic succession of Sankaracarya,
although sannyasa was also sanctioned in the Vaisnava sampradaya.
In the Sankara-sampradaya there are ten different names awarded to
sannyasis: (1) Tirtha, (2) Asrama, (3) Vana, (4) Aranya, (5) Giri, (6)
Parvata, (7) Sagara, (8) Sarasvati, (9) Bharati and (10) Puri. Before
one enters sannyasa, he has one of the various names for a brahmacari,
the assistant to a sannyasi. Sannyasis with the titles Tirtha and Asrama
generally stay at Dvaraka, and their brahmacari name is Svarupa. Those
known by the names Vana and Aranya stay at Purusottama, or Jagannatha
Puri, and their brahmacari name is Prakasa. Those with the names Giri,
Parvata and Sagara generally stay at Badarikasrama, and their brahmacari
name is Ananda. Those with the titles Sarasvati, Bharati and Puri
usually live at Srngeri in South India, and their brahmacari name is
Caitanya.
Sripada Sankaracarya established four monasteries in India, in the four
directions (north, south, east and west), and he entrusted them to four
sannyasis who were his disciples. Now there are hundreds of branch
monasteries under these four principal monasteries, and although there
is an official symmetry among them, there are many differences in their
dealings. The four different sects of these monasteries are known as
Anandavara, Bhogavara, Kitavara and Bhumivara, and in course of time
they have developed different ideas and different slogans.
According to the regulation of the disciplic succession, one who wishes
to enter the renounced order in Sankara's sect must first be trained as
a brahmacari under a bona fide sannyasi. The brahmacari's name is
ascertained according to the group to which the sannyasi belongs. Lord
Caitanya accepted sannyasa from Kesava Bharati. When He first approached
Kesava Bharati, He was accepted as a brahmacari with the name Sri Krsna
Caitanya Brahmacari. After He took sannyasa, He preferred to keep the
name Krsna Caitanya.
The great authorities in the disciplic succession had not offered to
explain why Lord Caitanya refused to take the name Bharati after He took
sannyasa from a Bharati, until Srila Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Gosvami
Maharaja volunteered the explanation that because a sannyasi in the
Sankara-sampradaya thinks that he has become the Supreme, Lord Caitanya,
wanting to avoid such a misconception, kept the name Sri Krsna Caitanya,
placing Himself as an eternal servitor. A brahmacari is supposed to
serve the spiritual master; therefore He did not negate that
relationship of servitude to His spiritual master. Accepting such a
position is favorable for the relationship between the disciple and the
spiritual master.
The authentic biographies also mention that Lord Caitanya accepted the
danda (rod) and begging pot, symbolic of the sannyasa order, at the time
He took sannyasa.
Adi 3.35
TEXT 35
TEXT
tanra yugavatara jani' garga mahasaya
krsnera nama-karane kariyache nirnaya
SYNONYMS
tanra -- of Him; yuga-avatara -- incarnation for the age; jani' --
knowing; garga -- Garga Muni; mahasaya -- the great personality; krsnera
-- of Lord Krsna; nama-karane -- in the name-giving ceremony; kariyache -
- made; nirnaya -- ascertainment.
TRANSLATION
Knowing Him [Lord Caitanya] to be the incarnation for Kali-yuga, Garga
Muni, during the naming ceremony of Krsna, predicted His appearance.
Adi 3.36
TEXT 36
TEXT
asan varnas trayo hy asya
grhnato 'nu-yugam tanuh
suklo raktas tatha pita
idanim krsnatam gatah
SYNONYMS
asan -- were; varnah -- colors; trayah -- three; hi -- certainly; asya --
of this one; grhnatah -- who is manifesting; anu-yugam -- according to
the age; tanuh -- bodies; suklah -- white; raktah -- red; tatha -- thus;
pitah -- yellow; idanim -- now; krsnatam -- blackness; gatah -- obtained.
TRANSLATION
"This boy [Krsna] has three other colors -- white, red and yellow -- as
He appears in different ages. Now He has appeared in a transcendental
blackish color."
PURPORT
This is a verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.8.13).
Adi 3.37
TEXT 37
TEXT
sukla, rakta, pita-varna -- ei tina dyuti
satya-treta-kali-kale dharena sri-pati
SYNONYMS
sukla -- white; rakta -- red; pita-varna -- the color yellow; ei --
these; tina -- three; dyuti -- lusters; satya -- in Satya-yuga; treta --
in Treta-yuga; kali-kale -- in the Age of Kali; dharena -- manifests;
sri-pati -- the husband of the goddess of fortune.
TRANSLATION
White, red and yellow -- these are the three bodily lusters that the
Lord, the husband of the goddess of fortune, assumes in the ages of
Satya, Treta and Kali respectively.
Adi 3.38
TEXT 38
TEXT
idanim dvapare tinho haila krsna-varna
ei saba sastragama-puranera marma
SYNONYMS
idanim -- now; dvapare -- in the Dvapara-yuga; tinho -- He; haila -- was;
krsna-varna -- blackish color; ei -- these; saba -- all; sastra-agama --
and Vedic literatures; puranera -- of the Puranas; marma -- the core.
TRANSLATION
Now, in the Dvapara-yuga, the Lord had descended in a blackish hue. This
is the essence of the statements in the Puranas and other Vedic
literatures with reference to the context.
Adi 3.39
TEXT 39
TEXT
dvapare bhagavan syamah
pita-vasa nijayudhah
sri-vatsadibhir ankais ca
laksanair upalaksitah
SYNONYMS
dvapare -- in the Dvapara-yuga; bhagavan -- the Supreme Personality of
Godhead; syamah -- blackish; pita-vasah -- having yellow clothes; nija --
own; ayudhah -- having weapons; srivatsa-adibhih -- such as Srivatsa;
ankaih -- by bodily markings; ca -- and; laksanaih -- by external
characteristics such as the Kaustubha jewel; upalaksitah --
characterized.
TRANSLATION
"In the Dvapara-yuga the Personality of Godhead appears in a blackish
hue. He is dressed in yellow, He holds His own weapons, and He is
decorated with the Kaustubha jewel and marks of Srivatsa. This is how
His symptoms are described."
PURPORT
This is a verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam (11.5.27), spoken by Saint
Karabhajana, one of the nine royal mystics who explained to King Nimi
the different features of the Lord in different ages.
Adi 3.40
TEXT 40
TEXT
kali-yuge yuga-dharma -- namera pracara
tathi lagi' pita-varna caitanyavatara
SYNONYMS
kali-yuge -- in the Age of Kali; yuga-dharma -- the religious practice
for the age; namera -- of the holy name; pracara -- propagation; tathi --
this; lagi' -- for; pita-varna -- having a yellow color; caitanya-
avatara -- the incarnation of Lord Caitanya.
TRANSLATION
The religious practice for the Age of Kali is to broadcast the glories
of the holy name. Only for this purpose has the Lord, in a yellow color,
descended as Lord Caitanya.
PURPORT
In this Age of Kali the practical system of religion for everyone is the
chanting of the name of Godhead. This was introduced in this age by Lord
Caitanya. Bhakti-yoga actually begins with the chanting of the holy name,
as confirmed by Madhvacarya in his commentary on the Mundaka Upanisad.
He quotes this verse from the Narayana-samhita:
dvapariyair janair visnuh
pancaratrais tu kevalaih
kalau tu nama-matrena
pujyate bhagavan harih
"In the Dvapara-yuga people should worship Lord Visnu only by the
regulative principles of the Narada Pancaratra and other such authorized
books. In the Age of Kali, however, people should simply chant the holy
names of the Supreme Personality of Godhead." The Hare Krsna mantra is
specifically mentioned in many Upanisads, such as the Kali-santarana
Upanisad, where it is said:
hare krsna hare krsna
krsna krsna hare hare
hare rama hare rama
rama rama hare hare
iti sodasakam namnam
kali-kalmasa-nasanam
natah parataropayah
sarva-vedesu drsyate
"After searching through all the Vedic literature, one cannot find a
method of religion more sublime for this age than the chanting of Hare
Krsna."
Adi 3.41
TEXT 41
TEXT
tapta-hema-sama-kanti, prakanda sarira
nava-megha jini kantha-dhvani ye gambhira
SYNONYMS
tapta-hema -- as molten gold; sama-kanti -- same luster; prakanda --
enormous; sarira -- body; nava-megha -- new clouds; jini -- conquering;
kantha-dhvani -- the sound of the voice; ye -- that; gambhira -- deep.
TRANSLATION
The luster of His expansive body resembles molten gold. The deep sound
of His voice conquers the thundering of newly assembled clouds.
Adi 3.42
TEXT 42
TEXT
dairghya-vistare yei apanara hata
cari hasta haya ‘maha-purusa' vikhyata
SYNONYMS
dairghya -- in length; vistare -- and in breadth; yei -- who; apanara --
of his own; hata -- hand; cari -- four; hasta -- cubits; haya -- is;
maha-purusa -- as a great personality; vikhyata -- celebrated.
TRANSLATION
One who measures four cubits in height and in breadth by his own hand is
celebrated as a great personality.
Adi 3.43
TEXT 43
TEXT
‘nyagrodha-parimandala' haya tanra nama
nyagrodha-parimandala-tanu caitanya guna-dhama
SYNONYMS
nyagrodha-parimandala -- nyagrodha-parimandala; haya -- is; tanra -- of
him; nama -- the name; nyagrodha-parimandala-nyagrodha-parimandala; tanu
-- having such a body; caitanya -- Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; guna-dhama -
- the abode of good qualities.
TRANSLATION
Such a person is called nyagrodha-parimandala. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu,
who personifies all good qualities, has the body of a nyagrodha-
parimandala.
PURPORT
No one other than the Supreme Lord Himself, who has engaged the
conditioned souls by His own illusory energy, can possess these bodily
features. These features certainly indicate an incarnation of Visnu and
no one else.
Adi 3.44
TEXT 44
TEXT
ajanulambita-bhuja kamala-locana
tilaphula-jini-nasa, sudhamsu-vadana
SYNONYMS
a-janu-lambita-bhuja -- arms that reach the knees; kamala-locana -- with
lotus eyes; tila-phula -- the blossom of the sesame plant; jini --
conquering; nasa -- whose nose; sudha-amsu-vadana -- whose face is like
the moon.
TRANSLATION
His arms are long enough to reach His knees, His eyes are just like
lotus flowers, His nose is like a sesame flower, and His face is as
beautiful as the moon.
Adi 3.45
TEXT 45
TEXT
santa, danta, krsna-bhakti-nistha-parayana
bhakta-vatsala, susila, sarva-bhute sama
SYNONYMS
santa -- peaceful; danta -- controlled; krsna-bhakti -- to the service
of Lord Krsna; nistha-parayana -- fully devoted; bhakta-vatsala --
affectionate toward the devotees; su-sila -- good character; sarva-bhute
-- to all living beings; sama -- equal.
TRANSLATION
He is peaceful, self-controlled and fully devoted to the transcendental
service of Lord Sri Krsna. He is affectionate toward His devotees, He is
gentle, and He is equally disposed toward all living beings.
Adi 3.46
TEXT 46
TEXT
candanera angada-bala, candana-bhusana
nrtya-kale pari' karena krsna-sankirtana
SYNONYMS
candanera -- of sandalwood; angada -- and armlets; bala -- bangles;
candana -- of sandalwood pulp; bhusana -- decorations; nrtya-kale -- at
the time of dancing; pari' -- putting on; karena -- does; krsna-
sankirtana -- congregational chanting of the name of Krsna.
TRANSLATION
He is decorated with sandalwood bangles and armlets and anointed with
the pulp of sandalwood. He especially wears these decorations to dance
in sri-krsna-sankirtana.
Adi 3.47
TEXT 47
TEXT
ei saba guna lana muni vaisampayana
sahasra-name kaila tanra nama-ganana
SYNONYMS
ei -- these; saba -- all; guna -- qualities; lana -- taking; muni -- the
sage; vaisampayana -- named Vaisampayana; sahasra-name -- in the Visnu-
sahasra-nama; kaila -- did; tanra -- of Him; nama-ganana -- counting of
the name.
TRANSLATION
Recording all these qualities of Lord Caitanya, the sage Vaisampayana
included His name in the Visnu-sahasra-nama.
Adi 3.48
TEXT 48
TEXT
dui lila caitanyera -- adi ara sesa
dui lilaya cari cari nama visesa
SYNONYMS
dui -- two; lila -- pastimes; caitanyera -- of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu;
adi -- first; ara -- and; sesa -- final; dui -- two; lilaya -- in
pastimes; cari -- four; cari -- and four; nama -- names; visesa --
specific.
TRANSLATION
The pastimes of Lord Caitanya have two divisions -- the early pastimes [
adi-lila] and the later pastimes [sesa-lila]. He has four names in each
of these two lilas.
Adi 3.49
TEXT 49
TEXT
suvarna-varno hemango
varangas candanangadi
sannyasa-krc chamah santo
nistha-santi-parayanah
SYNONYMS
suvarna -- of gold; varnah -- having the color; hema-angah -- whose body
was like molten gold; vara-angah -- having a most beautiful body;
candana-angadi -- whose body was smeared with sandalwood; sannyasa-krt --
practicing the renounced order of life; samah -- equipoised; santah --
peaceful; nistha -- devotion; santi -- and of peace; parayanah -- the
highest resort.
TRANSLATION
"In His early pastimes He appears as a householder with a golden
complexion. His limbs are beautiful, and His body, smeared with the pulp
of sandalwood, seems like molten gold. In His later pastimes He accepts
the sannyasa order, and He is equipoised and peaceful. He is the highest
abode of peace and devotion, for He silences the impersonalist
nondevotees."
PURPORT
This is a verse from the Mahabharata (Dana-dharma, Visnu-sahasra-nama-
stotra). In his commentary on the Visnu-sahasra-nama, called the
Namartha-sudha, Srila Baladeva Vidyabhusana, commenting upon this verse,
asserts that Lord Caitanya is the Supreme Personality of Godhead
according to the evidence of the Upanisads. He explains that suvarna-
varnah means a golden complexion. He also quotes the Vedic injunction
yada pasyah pasyate rukma-varnam kartaram isam purusam brahma-yonim (
Mundaka Up. 3.1.3). Rukma-varnam kartaram isam refers to the Supreme
Personality of Godhead as having a complexion the color of molten gold.
Purusam means the Supreme Lord, and brahma-yonim indicates that He is
also the Supreme Brahman. This evidence, too, proves that Lord Caitanya
is the Supreme Personality of Godhead Krsna. Another meaning of the
description of the Lord as having a golden hue is that Lord Caitanya's
personality is as fascinating as gold is attractive. Srila Baladeva
Vidyabhusana has explained that the word varanga means "exquisitely
beautiful."
Lord Caitanya accepted sannyasa, leaving aside His householder life, to
preach His mission. He has equanimity in different senses. First, He
describes the confidential truth of the Personality of Godhead, and
second, He satisfies everyone by knowledge and attachment to Krsna. He
is peaceful because He renounces all topics not related to the service
of Krsna. Srila Baladeva Vidyabhusana has explained that the word nistha
indicates His being rigidly fixed in chanting the holy name of Sri Krsna.
Lord Caitanya subdued all disturbing opponents of devotional service,
especially the monists, who are actually averse to the personal feature
of the Supreme Lord.
Adi 3.50
TEXT 50
TEXT
vyakta kari' bhagavate kahe bara bara
kali-yuge dharma -- nama-sankirtana sara
SYNONYMS
vyakta -- evident; kari' -- making; bhagavate -- in Srimad-Bhagavatam;
kahe -- they say; bara bara -- time and time again; kali-yuge -- in the
Age of Kali; dharma -- the religion; nama-sankirtana -- congregational
chanting of the holy name; sara -- the essence.
TRANSLATION
In Srimad-Bhagavatam it is repeatedly and clearly said that the essence
of religion in the Age of Kali is the chanting of the holy name of Krsna.
Adi 3.51
TEXT 51
TEXT
iti dvapara urv-isa
stuvanti jagad-isvaram
nana-tantra-vidhanena
kalav api yatha srnu
SYNONYMS
iti -- thus; dvapare -- in the Dvapara Age; uru-isa -- O King; stuvanti -
- they praise; jagat-isvaram -- the Lord of the universe; nana --
various; tantra -- of scriptures; vidhanena -- by the regulations; kalau
-- in the Age of Kali; api -- also; yatha -- in which manner; srnu --
please hear.
TRANSLATION
"O King, in this way people in Dvapara-yuga worshiped the Lord of the
universe. In Kali-yuga they also worship the Supreme Personality of
Godhead by the regulations of the revealed scriptures. Kindly now hear
of that from me.
PURPORT
This verse is spoken by Saint Karabhajana in Srimad-Bhagavatam (11.5.31).
Adi 3.52
TEXT 52
krsna-varnam tvisakrsnam
sangopangastra-parsadam
yajnaih sankirtana-prayair
yajanti hi su-medhasah
SYNONYMS
krsna-varnam -- repeating the syllables krs-na; tvisa -- with a luster;
akrsnam -- not black (golden); sa-anga -- along with associates; upanga -
- servitors; astra -- weapons; parsadam -- confidential companions;
yajnaih -- by sacrifice; sankirtana-prayaih -- consisting chiefly of
congregational chanting; yajanti -- they worship; hi -- certainly; su-
medhasah -- intelligent persons.
TRANSLATION
"In the Age of Kali, intelligent persons perform congregational chanting
to worship the incarnation of Godhead who constantly sings the name of
Krsna. Although His complexion is not blackish, He is Krsna Himself. He
is accompanied by His associates, servants, weapons and confidential
companions."
PURPORT
This text is from Srimad-Bhagavatam (11.5.32). Srila Jiva Gosvami has
explained this verse in his commentary on the Bhagavatam, known as the
Krama-sandarbha, wherein he says that Lord Krsna also appears with a
golden complexion. That golden Lord Krsna is Lord Caitanya, who is
worshiped by intelligent men in this age. That is confirmed in Srimad-
Bhagavatam by Garga Muni, who said that although the child Krsna was
blackish, He also appears in three other colors -- red, white and yellow.
He exhibited His white and red complexions in the Satya and Treta ages
respectively. He did not exhibit the remaining color, yellow-gold, until
He appeared as Lord Caitanya, who is known as Gaura Hari.
Srila Jiva Gosvami explains that krsna-varnam means Sri Krsna Caitanya.
Krsna-varna and Krsna Caitanya are equivalent. The name Krsna appears
with both Lord Krsna and Lord Caitanya Krsna. Lord Sri Caitanya
Mahaprabhu is the Supreme Personality of Godhead, but He always engages
in describing Krsna and thus enjoys transcendental bliss by chanting and
remembering His name and form. Lord Krsna Himself appears as Lord
Caitanya to preach the highest gospel.
Lord Caitanya always chants the holy name of Krsna and describes it also,
and because He is Krsna Himself, whoever meets Him will automatically
chant the holy name of Krsna and later describe it to others. He injects
one with transcendental Krsna consciousness, which merges the chanter in
transcendental bliss. In all respects, therefore, He appears before
everyone as Krsna, either by personality or by sound. Simply by seeing
Lord Caitanya one at once remembers Lord Krsna. One may therefore accept
Him as visnu-tattva. In other words, Lord Caitanya is Lord Krsna Himself.
Sangopangastra-parsadam further indicates that Lord Caitanya is Lord
Krsna. His body is always decorated with ornaments of sandalwood and
with sandalwood paste. By His superexcellent beauty He subdues all the
people of the age. In other descents the Lord sometimes used weapons to
defeat the demoniac, but in this age the Lord subdues them with His all-
attractive figure as Caitanya Mahaprabhu. Srila Jiva Gosvami explains
that His beauty is His astra, or weapon, to subdue the demons. Because
He is all-attractive, it is to be understood that all the demigods lived
with Him as His companions. His acts were uncommon and His associates
wonderful. When He propagated the sankirtana movement, He attracted many
great scholars and acaryas, especially in Bengal and Orissa. Lord
Caitanya is always accompanied by His best associates like Lord
Nityananda, Advaita, Gadadhara and Srivasa.
Srila Jiva Gosvami cites a verse from the Vedic literature which says
that there is no necessity of performing sacrificial demonstrations or
ceremonial functions. He comments that instead of engaging in such
external, pompous exhibitions, all people, regardless of caste, color or
creed, can assemble together and chant Hare Krsna to worship Lord
Caitanya. Krsna-varnam tvisakrsnam [SB 11.5.32] indicates that
prominence should be given to the name of Krsna. Lord Caitanya taught
Krsna consciousness and chanted the name of Krsna. Therefore, to worship
Lord Caitanya, everyone should together chant the maha-mantra -- Hare
Krsna, Hare Krsna, Krsna Krsna, Hare Hare/ Hare Rama, Hare Rama, Rama
Rama, Hare Hare. To propagate worship in churches, temples or mosques is
not possible, because people have lost interest in that. But anywhere
and everywhere, people can chant Hare Krsna. Thus worshiping Lord
Caitanya, they can perform the highest activity and fulfill the highest
religious purpose of satisfying the Supreme Lord.
Srila Sarvabhauma Bhattacarya, a famous disciple of Lord Caitanya, said,
"The principle of transcendental devotional service having been lost,
Sri Krsna Caitanya has appeared in order to deliver again the process of
devotion. He is so kind that He is distributing love of Krsna. Everyone
should be attracted more and more to His lotus feet, as humming bees are
attracted to a lotus flower."
Adi 3.53
TEXT 53
TEXT
suna, bhai, ei saba caitanya-mahima
ei sloke kahe tanra mahimara sima
SYNONYMS
suna -- please hear; bhai -- O brothers; ei -- this; saba -- all;
caitanya -- of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; mahima -- the glories; ei --
this; sloke -- verse; kahe -- says; tanra -- of Him; mahimara -- of the
glories; sima -- the limit.
TRANSLATION
My dear brothers, please hear all these glories of Lord Caitanya. This
verse clearly summarizes His activities and characteristics.
Adi 3.54
TEXT 54
TEXT
‘krsna' ei dui varna sada yanra mukhe
athava, krsnake tinho varne nija sukhe
SYNONYMS
krsna -- krs-na; ei -- these; dui -- two; varna -- syllables; sada --
always; yanra -- of whom; mukhe -- in the mouth; athava -- or else;
krsnake -- Lord Krsna; tinho -- He; varne -- describes; nija -- His own;
sukhe -- in happiness.
TRANSLATION
The two syllables "krs-na" are always in His mouth; or, He constantly
describes Krsna with great pleasure.
Adi 3.55
TEXT 55
TEXT
krsna-varna-sabdera artha dui ta pramana
krsna vinu tanra mukhe nahi aise ana
SYNONYMS
krsna-varna-sabdera -- of the word krsna-varna; artha -- the meaning;
dui -- two; ta -- certainly; pramana -- examples; krsna -- Krsna; vinu --
except for; tanra -- of Him; mukhe -- in the mouth; nahi aise -- does
not come; ana -- anything else.
TRANSLATION
These are two meanings of the word "krsna-varna." Indeed, nothing else
but Krsna issues from His mouth.
Adi 3.56
TEXT 56
TEXT
keha tanre bale yadi krsna-varana
ara visesane tara kare nivarana
SYNONYMS
keha -- someone; tanre -- to Him; bale -- ascribes; yadi -- if; krsna --
black; varana -- the color; ara -- another; visesane -- in the adjective;
tara -- of that; kare -- does; nivarana -- prevention.
TRANSLATION
If someone tries to describe Him as being of blackish complexion, the
next adjective [tvisa akrsnam] immediately restricts him.
Adi 3.57
TEXT 57
TEXT
deha-kantye haya tenho akrsna-varana
akrsna-varane kahe pita-varana
SYNONYMS
deha-kantye -- in the luster of the body; haya -- is; tenho -- He;
akrsna -- not black; varana -- the color; akrsna-varane -- by a color
that is not blackish; kahe -- one means; pita -- yellow; varana -- the
color.
TRANSLATION
His complexion is certainly not blackish. Indeed, His not being blackish
indicates that His complexion is yellow.
Adi 3.58
TEXT 58
TEXT
kalau yam vidvamsah sphutam abhiyajante dyuti-bharad
akrsnangam krsnam makha-vidhibhir utkirtana-mayaih
upasyam ca prahur yam akhila-caturthasrama-jusam
sa devas caitanyakrtir atitaram nah krpayatu
SYNONYMS
kalau -- in the Age of Kali; yam -- Him whom; vidvamsah -- the learned
men; sphutam -- clearly manifested; abhiyajante -- worship; dyuti-bharat
-- due to an abundance of bodily luster; akrsna-angam -- whose body is
not blackish; krsnam -- Lord Krsna; makha-vidhibhih -- by the
performances of sacrifice; utkirtana-mayaih -- consisting of loud
chanting of the holy name; upasyam -- worshipable object; ca -- and;
prahuh -- they said; yam -- whom; akhila -- all; caturtha-asrama-jusam --
of those who are in the fourth order of life (sannyasa); sah -- He;
devah -- the Supreme Personality of Godhead; caitanya-akrtih -- having
the form of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; atitaram -- excessively; nah --
unto us; krpayatu -- let Him show His mercy.
TRANSLATION
"By performing the sacrifice of congregational chanting of the holy name,
learned scholars in the Age of Kali worship Lord Krsna, who is now
nonblackish because of the great upsurge of the feelings of Srimati
Radharani. He is the only worshipable Deity for the paramahamsas, who
have attained the highest stage of the fourth order [sannyasa]. May that
Supreme Personality of Godhead, Lord Caitanya, show us His great
causeless mercy."
PURPORT
This verse is Dvitiya Sri Caitanyastaka 1, from the Stava-mala of Srila
Rupa Gosvami.
Adi 3.59
TEXT 59
TEXT
pratyaksa tanhara tapta-kancanera dyuti
yanhara chataya nase ajnana-tamastati
SYNONYMS
pratyaksa -- vivid; tanhara -- of Him; tapta -- molten; kancanera -- of
gold; dyuti -- effulgence; yanhara -- of whom; chataya -- by the luster;
nase -- destroys; ajnana -- of ignorance; tamastati -- the extent of the
darkness.
TRANSLATION
One can vividly see His glowing complexion of molten gold, which dispels
the darkness of ignorance.
Adi 3.60
TEXT 60
TEXT
jivera kalmasa-tamo nasa karibare
anga-upanga-nama nana astra dhare
SYNONYMS
jivera -- of the living entity; kalmasa -- of sinful activities; tamah --
the darkness; nasa karibare -- for destroying; anga -- associates;
upanga -- devotees; nama -- holy names; nana -- various; astra --
weapons; dhare -- He holds.
TRANSLATION
The sinful life of the living beings results from ignorance. To destroy
that ignorance, He has brought various weapons, such as His plenary
associates, His devotees and the holy name.
Adi 3.61
TEXT 61
TEXT
bhaktira virodhi karma-dharma va adharma
tahara ‘kalmasa' nama, sei maha-tamah
SYNONYMS
bhaktira -- to devotional service; virodhi -- averse; karma -- activity;
dharma -- religious; va -- or; adharma -- irreligious; tahara -- of that;
kalmasa -- sin; nama -- the name; sei -- this; maha-tamah -- great
darkness.
TRANSLATION
The greatest ignorance consists of activities, whether religious or
irreligious, that are opposed to devotional service. They are to be
known as sins [kalmasa].
Adi 3.62
TEXT 62
TEXT
bahu tuli' hari bali' prema-drstye caya
kariya kalmasa nasa premete bhasaya
SYNONYMS
bahu tuli' -- raising the arms; hari bali' -- chanting the holy name;
prema-drstye -- with His glance of deep love; caya -- He looks; kariya --
causing; kalmasa -- to sins; nasa -- destruction; premete -- in love of
God; bhasaya -- He floods.
TRANSLATION
Raising His arms, chanting the holy name and looking upon all with deep
love, He drives away all sins and floods everyone with love of Godhead.
Adi 3.63
TEXT 63
TEXT
smitalokah sokam harati jagatam yasya parito
giram tu prarambhah kusala-patalim pallavayati
padalambhah kam va pranayati na hi prema-nivaham
sa devas caitanyakrtir atitaram nah krpayatu
SYNONYMS
smita -- smiling; alokah -- glance; sokam -- the bereavement; harati --
takes away; jagatam -- of the world; yasya -- whose; paritah -- all
around; giram -- of the speech; tu -- also; prarambhah -- the beginning;
kusala -- of auspiciousness; patalim -- the mass; pallavayati -- causes
to blossom; pada-alambhah -- the taking hold of the lotus feet; kam va --
what possibly; pranayati -- leads to; na -- not; hi -- certainly; prema-
nivaham -- quantity of love of Godhead; sah -- He; devah -- the Supreme
Personality of Godhead; caitanya-akrtih -- having the form of Lord
Caitanya Mahaprabhu; atitaram -- excessively; nah -- unto us; krpayatu --
may He show His mercy.
TRANSLATION
"May the Supreme Personality of Godhead in the form of Lord Sri Caitanya
bestow His causeless mercy upon us. His smiling glance at once drives
away all the bereavements of the world, and His very words enliven the
auspicious creepers of devotion by expanding their leaves. Taking
shelter of His lotus feet invokes transcendental love of God at once."
PURPORT
This verse is Dvitiya Sri Caitanyastaka 8, from the Stava-mala of Srila
Rupa Gosvami.
Adi 3.64
TEXT 64
TEXT
sri-anga, sri-mukha yei kare darasana
tara papa-ksaya haya, paya prema-dhana
SYNONYMS
sri-anga -- His body; sri-mukha -- His face; yei -- anyone who; kare --
does; darasana -- seeing; tara -- of him; papa-ksaya -- destruction of
sins; haya -- there is; paya -- obtains; prema-dhana -- the wealth of
love of Godhead.
TRANSLATION
Anyone who looks upon His beautiful body or beautiful face becomes freed
from all sins and obtains the wealth of love of Godhead.
Adi 3.65
TEXT 65
TEXT
anya avatare saba sainya-sastra sange
caitanya-krsnera sainya anga-upange
SYNONYMS
anya -- other; avatare -- in incarnations; saba -- all; sainya --
soldiers; sastra -- and weapons; sange -- along with; caitanya-krsnera --
of Lord Krsna as Lord Caitanya; sainya -- soldiers; anga -- plenary
parts; upange -- and associates.
TRANSLATION
In other incarnations the Lord descended with armies and weapons, but in
this incarnation His soldiers are His plenary parts and associates.
Adi 3.66
TEXT 66
TEXT
sadopasyah sriman dhrta-manuja-kayaih pranayitam
vahadbhir gir-vanair girisa-paramesthi-prabhrtibhih
sva-bhaktebhyah suddham nija-bhajana-mudram upadisan
sa caitanyah kim me punar api drsor yasyati padam
SYNONYMS
sada -- always; upasyah -- worshipable; sriman -- beautiful; dhrta --
who accepted; manuja-kayaih -- the bodies of men; pranayitam -- love;
vahadbhih -- who were bearing; gih-vanaih -- by the demigods; girisa --
Lord Siva; paramesthi -- Lord Brahma; prabhrtibhih -- headed by; sva-
bhaktebhyah -- unto His own devotees; suddham -- pure; nija-bhajana --
of His own worship; mudram -- the mark; upadisan -- instructing; sah --
He; caitanyah -- Lord Caitanya; kim -- what; me -- my; punah -- again;
api -- certainly; drsoh -- of the two eyes; yasyati -- He will go; padam
-- to the abode.
TRANSLATION
"Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu is always the most worshipable Deity of
the demigods, including Lord Siva and Lord Brahma, who came in the garb
of ordinary men, bearing love for Him. He instructs His own pure
devotional service to His own devotees. Will He again be the object of
my vision?"
PURPORT
This verse is Prathama Sri Caitanyastaka 1, from the Stava-mala of Srila
Rupa Gosvami.
Adi 3.67
TEXT 67
TEXT
angopanga astra kare sva-karya-sadhana
‘anga'-sabdera artha ara suna diya mana
SYNONYMS
anga-upanga -- plenary parts and associates; astra -- weapons; kare --
do; sva-karya -- of their own business; sadhana -- as the accomplishment;
anga-sabdera -- of the word anga; artha -- the meaning; ara -- another;
suna -- please hear; diya -- giving; mana -- the mind.
TRANSLATION
His plenary parts and associates perform the work of weapons as their
own specific duties. Please hear from me another meaning of the word "
anga."
Adi 3.68
TEXT 68
TEXT
‘anga'-sabde amsa kahe sastra-paramana
angera avayava ‘upanga'-vyakhyana
SYNONYMS
anga-sabde -- by the word anga, or limb; amsa -- part; kahe -- says;
sastra -- of the scriptures; paramana -- the evidence; angera -- of the
limb; avayava -- the constituent part; upanga-vyakhyana -- the
exposition of the word upanga.
TRANSLATION
According to the evidence of the revealed scriptures, a bodily limb [
anga] is also called a part [amsa], and a part of a limb is called a
partial part [upanga].
Adi 3.69
TEXT 69
TEXT
narayanas tvam na hi sarva-dehinam
atmasy adhisakhila-loka-saksi
narayano 'ngam nara-bhu-jalayanat
tac capi satyam na tavaiva maya
SYNONYMS
narayanah -- Lord Narayana; tvam -- You; na -- not; hi -- certainly;
sarva -- all; dehinam -- of the embodied beings; atma -- the Supersoul;
asi -- You are; adhisa -- O Lord; akhila-loka -- of all the worlds;
saksi -- the witness; narayanah -- known as Narayana; angam -- plenary
portion; nara -- of Nara; bhu -- born; jala -- in the water; ayanat --
due to the place of refuge; tat -- that; ca -- and; api -- certainly;
satyam -- highest truth; na -- not; tava -- Your; eva -- at all; maya --
the illusory energy.
TRANSLATION
"O Lord of lords, You are the seer of all creation. You are indeed
everyone's dearest life. Are You not, therefore, my father, Narayana? ‘
Narayana' refers to one whose abode is in the water born from Nara [
Garbhodakasayi Visnu], and that Narayana is Your plenary portion. All
Your plenary portions are transcendental. They are absolute and are not
creations of maya."
PURPORT
This text was spoken to Lord Krsna by Brahma in Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.14.
14).
Adi 3.70
TEXT 70
TEXT
jala-sayi antar-yami yei narayana
seho tomara amsa, tumi mula narayana
SYNONYMS
jala-sayi -- lying in the water; antah-yami -- indwelling Supersoul; yei
-- He who; narayana -- Lord Narayana; seho -- He; tomara -- Your; amsa --
plenary portion; tumi -- You; mula -- original; narayana -- Narayana.
TRANSLATION
The manifestation of the Narayana who predominates in everyone's heart,
as well as the Narayana who lives in the waters [Karana, Garbha and
Ksira], is Your plenary portion. You are therefore the original Narayana.
Adi 3.71
TEXT 71
TEXT
‘anga'-sabde amsa kahe, seho satya haya
maya-karya nahe -- saba cid-ananda-maya
SYNONYMS
anga-sabde -- by the word anga; amsa -- plenary portion; kahe -- one
means; seho -- that; satya -- the truth; haya -- is; maya -- of the
material energy; karya -- the work; nahe -- is not; saba -- all; cit-
ananda-maya -- full of knowledge and bliss.
TRANSLATION
The word "anga" indeed refers to plenary portions. Such manifestations
should never be considered products of material nature, for they are all
transcendental, full of knowledge and full of bliss.
PURPORT
In the material world, if a fragment is taken from an original object,
the original object is reduced by the removal of that fragment. But the
Supreme Personality of Godhead is not at all affected by the actions of
maya. The Isopanisad says:
om purnam adah purnam idam
purnat purnam udacyate
purnasya purnam adaya
purnam evavasisyate
"The Personality of Godhead is perfect and complete, and because He is
completely perfect, all emanations from Him, such as this phenomenal
world, are perfectly equipped as complete wholes. Whatever is produced
of the complete whole is also complete in itself. Because He is the
complete whole, even though so many complete units emanate from Him, He
remains the complete balance." (Sri Isopanisad, Invocation)
In the realm of the Absolute, one plus one equals one, and one minus one
equals one. Therefore one should not conceive of a fragment of the
Supreme Lord in the material sense. In the spiritual world there is no
influence of the material energy or material calculations of fragments.
In the Fifteenth Chapter of the Bhagavad-gita, the Lord says that the
living entities are His parts and parcels. There are innumerable living
entities throughout the material and spiritual universes, but still Lord
Krsna is full in Himself. To think that God has lost His personality
because His many parts and parcels are distributed all over the universe
is an illusion. That is a material calculation. Such calculations are
possible only under the influence of the material energy, maya. In the
spiritual world the material energy is conspicuous only by its absence.
In the category of visnu-tattva there is no loss of power from one
expansion to the next, any more than there is a loss of illumination as
one candle kindles another. Thousands of candles may be kindled by an
original candle, and all will have the same candle power. In this way it
is to be understood that although all the visnu-tattvas, from Krsna and
Lord Caitanya to Rama, Nrsimha, Varaha and so on, appear with different
features in different ages, all are equally invested with supreme
potency.
Demigods such as Lord Brahma and Lord Siva come in contact with the
material energy, and their power and potency are therefore of different
gradations. All the incarnations of Visnu, however, are equal in potency,
for the influence of maya cannot even approach Them.
Adi 3.72
TEXT 72
TEXT
advaita, nityananda -- caitanyera dui anga
angera avayava-gana kahiye upanga
SYNONYMS
advaita -- Advaita Acarya; nityananda -- Lord Nityananda; caitanyera --
of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; dui -- two; anga -- limbs; angera -- of the
limbs; avayava-gana -- the constituent parts; kahiye -- I say; upanga --
parts.
TRANSLATION
Sri Advaita Prabhu and Sri Nityananda Prabhu are both plenary portions
of Lord Caitanya. Thus They are the limbs [angas] of His body. The parts
of these two limbs are called the upangas.
Adi 3.73
TEXT 73
TEXT
angopanga tiksna astra prabhura sahite
sei saba astra haya pasanda dalite
SYNONYMS
anga-upanga -- plenary portions and parts; tiksna -- sharp; astra --
weapons; prabhura sahite -- along with Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; sei --
these; saba -- all; astra -- weapons; haya -- are; pasanda -- the
atheists; dalite -- to trample.
TRANSLATION
Thus the Lord is equipped with sharp weapons in the form of His parts
and plenary portions. All these weapons are competent enough to crush
the faithless atheists.
PURPORT
The word pasanda is very significant here. One who compares the Supreme
Personality of Godhead to the demigods is known as a pasanda. Pasandas
try to bring the Supreme Lord down to a mundane level. Sometimes they
create their own imaginary God or accept an ordinary person as God and
advertise him as equal to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. They are
so foolish that they present someone as the next incarnation of Lord
Caitanya or Krsna although his activities are all contradictory to those
of a genuine incarnation, and thus they fool the innocent public. One
who is intelligent and who studies the characteristics of the Supreme
Personality of Godhead with reference to the Vedic context cannot be
bewildered by the pasandas.
Pasandas, or atheists, cannot understand the pastimes of the Supreme
Lord or transcendental loving service to the Lord. They think that
devotional service is no better than ordinary fruitive activities (karma)
. As the Bhagavad-gita (4.8) confirms, however, the Supreme Personality
of Godhead and His devotees, saving the righteous and chastising the
miscreants (paritranaya sadhunam vinasaya ca duskrtam), always curb
these nonsensical atheists. Miscreants always want to deny the Supreme
Personality of Godhead and put stumbling blocks in the path of
devotional service. The Lord sends His bona fide representatives and
appears Himself to curb this nonsense.
Adi 3.74
TEXT 74
TEXT
nityananda gosani saksat haladhara
advaita acarya gosani saksat isvara
SYNONYMS
nityananda gosani -- Lord Nityananda Gosani; saksat -- directly; hala-
dhara -- Lord Balarama, the holder of the plow; advaita acarya gosani --
Sri Advaita Acarya Gosani; saksat -- directly; isvara -- the Personality
of Godhead.
TRANSLATION
Sri Nityananda Gosani is directly Haladhara [Lord Balarama], and Advaita
Acarya is the Personality of Godhead Himself.
Adi 3.75
TEXT 75
TEXT
srivasadi parisada sainya sange lana
dui sena-pati bule kirtana kariya
SYNONYMS
srivasa-adi -- Srivasa and others; parisada -- associates; sainya --
soldiers; sange -- along with; lana -- taking; dui -- two; sena-pati --
captains; bule -- travel; kirtana kariya -- chanting the holy name.
TRANSLATION
These two captains, with Their soldiers such as Srivasa Thakura, travel
everywhere, chanting the holy name of the Lord.
Adi 3.76
TEXT 76
TEXT
pasanda-dalana-vana nityananda raya
acarya-hunkare papa-pasandi palaya
SYNONYMS
pasanda-dalana -- of trampling the atheists; vana -- having the feature;
nityananda -- Lord Nityananda; raya -- the honorable; acarya -- of
Advaita Acarya; hunkare -- by the war cry; papa -- sins; pasandi -- and
atheists; palaya -- run away.
TRANSLATION
Lord Nityananda's very features indicate that He is the subduer of the
unbelievers. All sins and unbelievers flee from the loud shouts of
Advaita Acarya.
Adi 3.77
TEXT 77
TEXT
sankirtana-pravartaka sri-krsna-caitanya
sankirtana-yajne tanre bhaje, sei dhanya
SYNONYMS
sankirtana-pravartaka -- the initiator of congregational chanting; sri-
krsna-caitanya -- Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; sankirtana -- of
congregational chanting; yajne -- by the sacrifice; tanre -- Him; bhaje -
- worships; sei -- he; dhanya -- fortunate.
TRANSLATION
Lord Sri Krsna Caitanya is the initiator of sankirtana [congregational
chanting of the holy name of the Lord]. One who worships Him through
sankirtana is fortunate indeed.
Adi 3.78
TEXT 78
TEXT
sei ta' sumedha, ara kubuddhi samsara
sarva-yajna haite krsna-nama-yajna sara
SYNONYMS
sei -- he; ta' -- certainly; su-medha -- intelligent; ara -- others; ku-
buddhi -- poor understanding; samsara -- in the material world; sarva-
yajna haite -- than all other sacrifices; krsna-nama -- of chanting the
name of Lord Krsna; yajna -- the sacrifice; sara -- the best.
TRANSLATION
Such a person is truly intelligent, whereas others, who have but a poor
fund of knowledge, must endure the cycle of repeated birth and death. Of
all sacrificial performances, the chanting of the Lord's holy name is
the most sublime.
PURPORT
Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu is the father and inaugurator of the
sankirtana movement. One who worships Him by sacrificing his life, money,
intelligence and words for the sankirtana movement is recognized by the
Lord and endowed with His blessings. All others may be said to be
foolish, for of all sacrifices in which a man may apply his energy, a
sacrifice made for the sankirtana movement is the most glorious.
Adi 3.79
TEXT 79
TEXT
koti asvamedha eka krsna nama sama
yei kahe, se pasandi, dande tare yama
SYNONYMS
koti -- ten million; asvamedha -- horse sacrifices; eka -- one; krsna --
of Lord Krsna; nama -- name; sama -- equal to; yei -- one who; kahe --
says; se -- he; pasandi -- atheist; dande -- punishes; tare -- him; yama
-- Yamaraja.
TRANSLATION
One who says that ten million asvamedha sacrifices are equal to the
chanting of the holy name of Lord Krsna is undoubtedly an atheist. He is
sure to be punished by Yamaraja.
PURPORT
In the list of the ten kinds of offenses in chanting the holy name of
the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Hare Krsna, the eighth offense is
dharma-vrata-tyaga-hutadi-sarva-subha-kriya-samyam api pramadah. One
should never consider the chanting of the holy name of Godhead equal to
pious activities like giving charity to brahmanas or saintly persons,
opening charitable educational institutions, distributing free food and
so on. The results of pious activities do not equal the results of
chanting the holy name of Krsna.
The Vedic scriptures say:
go-koti-danam grahane khagasya
prayaga-gangodaka-kalpa-vasah
yajnayutam meru-suvarna-danam
govinda-kirter na samam satamsaih
"Even if one distributes ten million cows in charity during an eclipse
of the sun, lives at the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna for
millions of years, or gives a mountain of gold in sacrifice to the
brahmanas, he does not earn one hundredth part of the merit derived from
chanting Hare Krsna." In other words, one who accepts the chanting of
Hare Krsna to be some kind of pious activity is completely misled. Of
course, it is pious; but the real fact is that Krsna and His name, being
transcendental, are far above all mundane pious activity. Pious activity
is on the material platform, but chanting of the holy name of Krsna is
completely on the spiritual plane. Therefore, although pasandis do not
understand this, pious activity can never compare to the chanting of the
holy name.
Adi 3.80
TEXT 80
TEXT
‘bhagavata-sandarbha'-granthera mangalacarane
e-sloka jiva-gosani kariyachena vyakhyane
SYNONYMS
bhagavata-sandarbha-granthera -- of the book called Bhagavata-sandarbha;
mangala-acarane -- in the auspicious introduction; e-sloka -- this verse;
jiva-gosani -- Jiva Gosvami; kariyachena -- has made; vyakhyane -- in
explaining.
TRANSLATION
In the auspicious introduction to the Bhagavata-sandarbha, Srila Jiva
Gosvami has given the following verse as an explanation.
Adi 3.81
TEXT 81
TEXT
antah krsnam bahir gauram
darsitangadi-vaibhavam
kalau sankirtanadyaih sma
krsna-caitanyam asritah
SYNONYMS
antah -- internally; krsnam -- Lord Krsna; bahih -- externally; gauram --
fair-colored; darsita -- displayed; anga -- limbs; adi -- beginning
with; vaibhavam -- expansions; kalau -- in the Age of Kali; sankirtana-
adyaih -- by congregational chanting, etc.; sma -- certainly; krsna-
caitanyam -- unto Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; asritah -- sheltered.
TRANSLATION
"I take shelter of Lord Sri Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu, who is outwardly
of a fair complexion but is inwardly Krsna Himself. In this Age of Kali
He displays His expansions [His angas and upangas] by performing
congregational chanting of the holy name of the Lord."
PURPORT
Srila Jiva Gosvami has placed the verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam quoted in
text 52 (krsna-varnam tvisakrsnam [SB 11.5.32]) as the auspicious
introduction to his Bhagavata-sandarbha, or Sat-sandarbha. He has
composed this text (81), which is, in effect, an explanation of the
Bhagavatam verse, as the second verse of the same work. The verse from
Srimad-Bhagavatam was enunciated by Karabhajana, one of the nine great
sages, and it is elaborately explained by the Sarva-samvadini, Jiva
Gosvami's commentary on his own Sat-sandarbha.
Antah krsna refers to one who is always thinking of Krsna. This attitude
is a predominant feature of Srimati Radharani. Even though many devotees
always think of Krsna, none can surpass the gopis, among whom Radharani
is the leader in thinking of Krsna. Radharani's Krsna consciousness
surpasses that of all other devotees. Lord Caitanya accepted the
position of Srimati Radharani to understand Krsna; therefore He was
always thinking of Krsna in the same way as Radharani. By thinking of
Lord Krsna, He always overlapped Krsna.
Sri Krsna Caitanya, who was outwardly very fair, with a complexion like
molten gold, simultaneously manifested His eternal associates, opulences,
expansions and incarnations. He preached the process of chanting Hare
Krsna, and those who are under His lotus feet are glorious.
Adi 3.82
TEXT 82
TEXT
upa-puraneha suni sri-krsna-vacana
krpa kari vyasa prati kariyachena kathana
SYNONYMS
upa-puraneha -- in the Upapuranas; suni -- we hear; sri-krsna-vacana --
the words of Lord Krsna; krpa kari -- having mercy; vyasa prati --
toward Vyasadeva; kariyachena -- He did; kathana -- speaking.
TRANSLATION
In the Upapuranas we hear Sri Krsna showing His mercy to Vyasadeva by
speaking to him as follows.
Adi 3.83
TEXT 83
TEXT
aham eva kvacid brahman
sannyasasramam asritah
hari-bhaktim grahayami
kalau papa-hatan naran
SYNONYMS
aham -- I; eva -- certainly; kvacit -- somewhere; brahman -- O brahmana;
sannyasa-asramam -- the renounced order of life; asritah -- taking
recourse to; hari-bhaktim -- devotional service to the Supreme
Personality of Godhead; grahayami -- I shall give; kalau -- in the Age
of Kali; papa-hatan -- sinful; naran -- to men.
TRANSLATION
"O learned brahmana, sometimes I accept the renounced order of life to
induce the fallen people of the Age of Kali to accept devotional service
to the Lord."
Adi 3.84
TEXT 84
TEXT
bhagavata, bharata-sastra, agama, purana
caitanya-krsna-avatare prakata pramana
SYNONYMS
bhagavata -- Srimad-Bhagavatam; bharata-sastra -- Mahabharata; agama --
Vedic literatures; purana -- the Puranas; caitanya -- as Lord Caitanya
Mahaprabhu; krsna -- of Lord Krsna; avatare -- in the incarnation;
prakata -- displayed; pramana -- evidence.
TRANSLATION
Srimad-Bhagavatam, the Mahabharata, the Puranas and other Vedic
literatures all give evidence to prove that Lord Sri Krsna Caitanya
Mahaprabhu is the incarnation of Krsna.
Adi 3.85
TEXT 85
TEXT
pratyakse dekhaha nana prakata prabhava
alaukika karma, alaukika anubhava
SYNONYMS
pratyakse -- directly; dekhaha -- just see; nana -- various; prakata --
manifested; prabhava -- influence; alaukika -- uncommon; karma --
activities; alaukika -- uncommon; anubhava -- realizations in Krsna
consciousness.
TRANSLATION
One can also directly see Lord Caitanya's manifest influence in His
uncommon deeds and uncommon Krsna conscious realization.
Adi 3.86
TEXT 86
TEXT
dekhiya na dekhe yata abhaktera gana
uluke na dekhe yena suryera kirana
SYNONYMS
dekhiya -- seeing; na dekhe -- they do not see; yata -- all; abhaktera --
of nondevotees; gana -- crowds; uluke -- the owl; na dekhe -- does not
see; yena -- just as; suryera -- of the sun; kirana -- rays.
TRANSLATION
But faithless unbelievers do not see what is clearly evident, just as
owls do not see the rays of the sun.
Adi 3.87
TEXT 87
TEXT
tvam sila-rupa-caritaih parama-prakrstaih
sattvena sattvikataya prabalais ca sastraih
prakhyata-daiva-paramartha-vidam matais ca
naivasura-prakrtayah prabhavanti boddhum
SYNONYMS
tvam -- You; sila -- character; rupa -- forms; caritaih -- by acts;
parama -- most; prakrstaih -- eminent; sattvena -- by uncommon power;
sattvikataya -- with the quality of predominant goodness; prabalaih --
great; ca -- and; sastraih -- by the scriptures; prakhyata -- renowned;
daiva -- divine; parama-artha-vidam -- of those who know the highest
goal; mataih -- by the opinions; ca -- and; na -- not; eva -- certainly;
asura-prakrtayah -- those whose disposition is demoniac; prabhavanti --
are able; boddhum -- to know.
TRANSLATION
"O my Lord, those influenced by demoniac principles cannot realize You,
although You are clearly the Supreme by dint of Your exalted activities,
forms, character and uncommon power, which are confirmed by all the
revealed scriptures in the quality of goodness and the celebrated
transcendentalists in the divine nature."
PURPORT
This is a verse from the Stotra-ratna (12) of Yamunacarya, the spiritual
master of Ramanujacarya. The authentic scriptures describe the
transcendental activities, features, form and qualities of Krsna, and
Krsna explains Himself in the Bhagavad-gita, the most authentic
scripture in the world. He is further explained in Srimad-Bhagavatam,
which is considered the explanation of the Vedanta-sutra. Lord Krsna is
accepted as the Supreme Personality of Godhead by these authentic
scriptures, not simply by vox populi. In the modern age a certain class
of fools think that they can vote anyone into the position of God, as
they can vote a man into the position of a political executive head. But
the transcendental Supreme Personality of Godhead is perfectly described
in the authentic scriptures. In the Bhagavad-gita the Lord says that
only fools deride Him, thinking that anyone can speak like Krsna.
Even according to historical references, Krsna's activities are most
uncommon. Krsna has affirmed, "I am God," and He has acted accordingly.
Mayavadis think that everyone can claim to be God, but that is their
illusion, for no one else can perform such extraordinary activities as
Krsna. When He was a child on the lap of His mother, He killed the demon
Putana. Then He killed the demons Trnavarta, Vatsasura and Baka. When He
was a little more grown up, He killed the demons Aghasura and Rsabhasura.
Therefore God is God from the very beginning. The idea that someone can
become God by meditation is ridiculous. By hard endeavor one may realize
his godly nature, but he will never become God. The asuras, or demons,
who think that anyone can become God, are condemned.
The authentic scriptures are compiled by personalities like Vyasadeva,
Narada, Asita and Parasara, who are not ordinary men. All the followers
of the Vedic way of life have accepted these famous personalities, whose
authentic scriptures conform to the Vedic literature. Nevertheless, the
demoniac do not believe their statements, and they purposely oppose the
Supreme Personality of Godhead and His devotees. Today it is fashionable
for common men to write whimsical words as so-called incarnations of God
and be accepted as authentic by other common men. This demoniac
mentality is condemned in the Seventh Chapter of the Bhagavad-gita,
wherein it is said that those who are miscreants and the lowest of
mankind, who are fools and asses, cannot accept the Supreme Personality
of Godhead because of their demoniac nature. They are compared to ulukas,
or owls, who cannot open their eyes in the sunlight. Because they
cannot bear the sunlight, they hide themselves from it and never see it.
They cannot believe that there is such illumination.
Adi 3.88
TEXT 88
TEXT
apana lukaite krsna nana yatna kare
tathapi tanhara bhakta janaye tanhare
SYNONYMS
apana -- Himself; lukaite -- to hide; krsna -- Lord Krsna; nana --
various; yatna -- efforts; kare -- makes; tathapi -- still; tanhara --
His; bhakta -- devotees; janaye -- know; tanhare -- Him.
TRANSLATION
Lord Sri Krsna tries to hide Himself in various ways, but nevertheless
His pure devotees know Him as He is.
Adi 3.89
TEXT 89
TEXT
ullanghita-trividha-sima-samatisayi-
sambhavanam tava parivradhima-svabhavam
maya-balena bhavatapi niguhyamanam
pasyanti kecid anisam tvad-ananya-bhavah
SYNONYMS
ullanghita -- passed over; tri-vidha -- three kinds; sima -- the
limitations; sama -- of equal; atisayi -- and of excelling; sambhavanam -
- by which the adequacy; tava -- Your; parivradhima -- of supremacy;
svabhavam -- the real nature; maya-balena -- by the strength of the
illusory energy; bhavata -- Your; api -- although; niguhyamanam -- being
hidden; pasyanti -- they see; kecit -- some; anisam -- always; tvat --
to You; ananya-bhavah -- those who are exclusively devoted.
TRANSLATION
"O my Lord, everything within material nature is limited by time, space
and thought. Your characteristics, however, being unequaled and
unsurpassed, are always transcendental to such limitations. You
sometimes cover such characteristics by Your own energy, but
nevertheless Your unalloyed devotees are always able to see You under
all circumstances."
PURPORT
This verse is also quoted from the Stotra-ratna (13) of Yamunacarya.
Everything covered by the influence of maya is within the limited
boundaries of space, time and thought. Even the greatest manifestation
we can conceive, the sky, also has limitations. From the authentic
scriptures, however, it is evident that beyond the sky is a covering of
seven layers, each ten times thicker than the one preceding it. The
covering layers are vast, but with or without coverings, space is
limited. Our power to think about space and time is also limited. Time
is eternal; we may imagine billions and trillions of years, but that
will still be an inadequate estimate of the extent of time. Our
imperfect senses, therefore, cannot think of the greatness of the
Supreme Personality of Godhead, nor can we bring Him within the
limitations of time or our thinking power. His position is accordingly
described by the word ullanghita. He is transcendental to space, time
and thought; although He appears within them, He exists transcendentally.
Even when the Lord's transcendental existence is disguised by space,
time and thought, however, pure devotees of the Supreme Lord can see Him
in His personal features beyond space, time and thought. In other words,
even though the Lord is not visible to the eyes of ordinary men, those
who are beyond the covering layers because of their transcendental
devotional service can still see Him.
The sun may appear covered by a cloud, but actually it is the eyes of
the tiny people below the cloud that are covered, not the sun. If those
tiny people rose above the cloud in an airplane, they could then see the
sunshine and the sun without impediment. Similarly, although the
covering of maya is very strong, Lord Krsna says in the Bhagavad-gita (7.
14):
daivi hy esa guna-mayi
mama maya duratyaya
mam eva ye prapadyante
mayam etam taranti te
"This divine energy of Mine, consisting of the three modes of material
nature, is difficult to overcome. But those who have surrendered unto Me
can easily cross beyond it." To surpass the influence of the illusory
energy is very difficult, but those who are determined to catch hold of
the lotus feet of the Lord are freed from the clutches of maya.
Therefore, pure devotees can understand the Supreme Personality of
Godhead, but demons, because of their miscreant behavior, cannot
understand the Lord, in spite of seeing the many revealed scriptures and
the uncommon activities of the Lord.
Adi 3.90
TEXT 90
TEXT
asura-svabhave krsne kabhu nahi jane
lukaite nare krsna bhakta-jana-sthane
SYNONYMS
asura-svabhave -- those whose nature is demoniac; krsne -- Lord Krsna;
kabhu -- at any time; nahi -- not; jane -- know; lukaite -- to hide;
nare -- is not able; krsna -- Lord Krsna; bhakta-jana -- of pure
devotees; sthane -- in a place.
TRANSLATION
Those whose nature is demoniac cannot know Krsna at any time, but He
cannot hide Himself from His pure devotees.
PURPORT
People who develop the nature of asuras like Ravana and Hiranyakasipu
can never know Krsna, the Personality of Godhead, by challenging the
authority of Godhead. But Sri Krsna cannot hide Himself from His pure
devotees.
Adi 3.91
TEXT 91
TEXT
dvau bhuta-sargau loke 'smin
daiva asura eva ca
visnu-bhaktah smrto daiva
asuras tad-viparyayah
SYNONYMS
dvau -- two; bhuta -- of the living beings; sargau -- dispositions; loke
-- in the world; asmin -- in this; daivah -- godly; asurah -- demoniac;
eva -- certainly; ca -- and; visnu-bhaktah -- a devotee of Lord Visnu;
smrtah -- remembered; daivah -- godly; asurah -- demoniac; tat-
viparyayah -- the opposite of that.
TRANSLATION
"There are two classes of men in the created world. One consists of the
demoniac and the other of the godly. The devotees of Lord Visnu are the
godly, whereas those who are just the opposite are called demons."
PURPORT
This is a verse from the Padma Purana. Visnu-bhaktas, or devotees in
Krsna consciousness, are known as devas (demigods). Atheists, who do not
believe in God or who declare themselves God, are asuras (demons).
Asuras always engage in atheistic material activities, exploring ways to
utilize the resources of matter to enjoy sense gratification. The visnu-
bhaktas, Krsna conscious devotees, are also active, but their objective
is to satisfy the Supreme Personality of Godhead by devotional service.
Superficially both classes may appear to work in the same way, but their
purposes are completely opposite because of a difference in
consciousness. Asuras work for personal sense gratification, whereas
devotees work for the satisfaction of the Supreme Lord. Both work
conscientiously, but their motives are different.
The Krsna consciousness movement is meant for devas, or devotees. Demons
cannot take part in Krsna conscious activities, nor can devotees in
Krsna consciousness take part in demoniac activities or work like cats
and dogs simply for sense gratification. Such activity does not appeal
to those in Krsna consciousness. Devotees accept only the bare
necessities of life to keep themselves fit to act in Krsna consciousness.
The balance of their energy is used for developing Krsna consciousness,
through which one can be transferred to the abode of Krsna by always
thinking of Him, even at the point of death.
Adi 3.92
TEXT 92
TEXT
acarya gosani prabhura bhakta-avatara
krsna-avatara-hetu yanhara hunkara
SYNONYMS
acarya gosani -- Advaita Acarya Gosani; prabhura -- of the Lord; bhakta-
avatara -- incarnation of a devotee; krsna -- of Lord Krsna; avatara --
of the incarnation; hetu -- the cause; yanhara -- whose; hunkara -- loud
calls.
TRANSLATION
Advaita Acarya Gosvami is an incarnation of the Lord as a devotee. His
loud calling was the cause for Krsna's incarnation.
Adi 3.93
TEXT 93
TEXT
krsna yadi prthivite karena avatara
prathame karena guru-vargera sancara
SYNONYMS
krsna -- Lord Krsna; yadi -- if; prthivite -- on the earth; karena --
makes; avatara -- incarnation; prathame -- first; karena -- makes; guru-
vargera -- of the group of respectable predecessors; sancara -- the
advent.
TRANSLATION
Whenever Sri Krsna desires to manifest His incarnation on earth, first
He creates the incarnations of His respectable predecessors.
Adi 3.94
TEXT 94
TEXT
pita mata guru adi yata manya-gana
prathame karena sabara prthivite janama
SYNONYMS
pita -- father; mata -- mother; guru -- spiritual master; adi -- headed
by; yata -- all; manya-gana -- respectable members; prathame -- first;
karena -- He makes; sabara -- of all of them; prthivite -- on earth;
janama -- the births.
TRANSLATION
Thus respectable personalities such as His father, mother and spiritual
master all take birth on earth first.
Adi 3.95
TEXT 95
TEXT
madhava-isvara-puri, saci, jagannatha
advaita acarya prakata haila sei satha
SYNONYMS
madhava -- Madhavendra Puri; isvara-puri -- Isvara Puri; saci --
Sacimata; jagannatha -- Jagannatha Misra; advaita acarya -- Advaita
Acarya; prakata -- manifested; haila -- were; sei -- this; satha -- with.
TRANSLATION
Madhavendra Puri, Isvara Puri, Srimati Sacimata and Srila Jagannatha
Misra all appeared with Sri Advaita Acarya.
PURPORT
Whenever the Supreme Personality of Godhead descends in His human form,
He sends ahead all His devotees, who act as His father, teacher and
associates in many roles. Such personalities appear before the descent
of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Before the appearance of Lord Sri
Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu, there appeared His devotees like Sri
Madhavendra Puri; His spiritual master, Sri Isvara Puri; His mother,
Srimati Saci-devi; His father, Sri Jagannatha Misra; and Sri Advaita
Acarya.
Adi 3.96
TEXT 96
TEXT
prakatiya dekhe acarya sakala samsara
krsna-bhakti gandha-hina visaya-vyavahara
SYNONYMS
prakatiya -- manifesting; dekhe -- He saw; acarya -- Advaita Acarya;
sakala -- all; samsara -- material existence; krsna-bhakti -- of
devotion to Lord Krsna; gandha-hina -- without a trace; visaya -- of the
sense objects; vyavahara -- affairs.
TRANSLATION
Advaita Acarya having appeared, He found the world devoid of devotional
service to Sri Krsna because people were engrossed in material affairs.
Adi 3.97
TEXT 97
TEXT
keha pape, keha punye kare visaya-bhoga
bhakti-gandha nahi, yate yaya bhava-roga
SYNONYMS
keha -- someone; pape -- in sinful activities; keha -- someone; punye --
in pious activities; kare -- do; visaya -- of the sense objects; bhoga --
enjoyment; bhakti-gandha -- a trace of devotional service; nahi --
there is not; yate -- by which; yaya -- goes away; bhava-roga -- the
disease of material existence.
TRANSLATION
Everyone was engaged in material enjoyment, whether sinfully or
virtuously. No one was interested in the transcendental service of the
Lord, which can give total relief from the repetition of birth and death.
PURPORT
Advaita Acarya saw the entire world to be engaged in activities of
material piety and impiety, without a trace of devotional service, or
Krsna consciousness, anywhere. The fact is that in this material world
there is no scarcity of anything except Krsna consciousness. Material
necessities are supplied by the mercy of the Supreme Lord. We sometimes
feel scarcity because of our mismanagement, but the real problem is that
people are out of touch with Krsna consciousness. Everyone is engaged in
material sense gratification, but people have no plan for making an
ultimate solution to their real problems, namely birth, disease, old age
and death. These four material miseries are called bhava-roga, or
material diseases. They can be cured only by Krsna consciousness.
Therefore Krsna consciousness is the greatest benediction for human
society.
Adi 3.98
TEXT 98
TEXT
loka-gati dekhi' acarya karuna-hrdaya
vicara karena, lokera kaiche hita haya
SYNONYMS
loka-gati -- the course of the world; dekhi'-seeing; acarya -- Advaita
Acarya; karuna-hrdaya -- compassionate heart; vicara karena -- considers;
lokera -- of the world; kaiche -- how; hita -- welfare; haya -- there
is.
TRANSLATION
Seeing the activities of the world, the Acarya felt compassion and began
to ponder how He could act for the people's benefit.
PURPORT
This sort of serious interest in the welfare of the public makes one a
bona fide acarya. An acarya does not exploit his followers. Since the
acarya is a confidential servitor of the Lord, his heart is always full
of compassion for humanity in its suffering. He knows that all suffering
is due to the absence of devotional service to the Lord, and therefore
he always tries to find ways to change people's activities, making them
favorable for the attainment of devotion. That is the qualification of
an acarya. Although Sri Advaita Prabhu Himself was powerful enough to do
the work, as a submissive servitor He thought that without the personal
appearance of the Lord, no one could improve the fallen condition of
society.
In the grim clutches of maya, the first-class prisoners of this material
world wrongly think themselves happy because they are rich, powerful,
resourceful and so on. These foolish creatures do not know that they are
nothing but play dolls in the hands of material nature and that at any
moment material nature's pitiless intrigues can crush to dust all their
plans for godless activities. Such foolish prisoners cannot see that
however they improve their position by artificial means, the calamities
of repeated birth, death, disease and old age are always beyond the
jurisdiction of their control. Foolish as they are, they neglect these
major problems of life and busy themselves with false things that cannot
help them solve their real problems. They know that they do not want to
suffer death or the pangs of disease and old age, but under the
influence of the illusory energy, they are grossly negligent and
therefore do nothing to solve the problems. This is called maya. People
held in the grip of maya are thrown into oblivion after death, and as a
result of their karma, in the next life they become dogs or gods,
although most of them become dogs. To become gods in the next life, they
must engage in the devotional service of the Supreme Personality of
Godhead; otherwise, they are sure to become dogs or hogs in terms of the
laws of nature.
The third-class prisoners, being less materially opulent than the first-
class prisoners, endeavor to imitate them, for they also have no
information of the real nature of their imprisonment. Thus they also are
misled by the illusory material nature. The function of the acarya,
however, is to change the activities of both the first-class and third-
class prisoners for their real benefit. This endeavor makes him a very
dear devotee of the Lord, who says clearly in the Bhagavad-gita that no
one in human society is dearer to Him than a devotee who constantly
engages in His service by finding ways to preach the message of Godhead
for the real benefit of the world. The so-called acaryas of the Age of
Kali are more concerned with exploiting the resources of their followers
than mitigating their miseries; but Sri Advaita Prabhu, as an ideal
acarya, was concerned with improving the condition of the world
situation.
Adi 3.99
TEXT 99
TEXT
apani sri-krsna yadi karena avatara
apane acari' bhakti karena pracara
SYNONYMS
apani -- Himself; sri-krsna -- Lord Krsna; yadi -- if; karena -- He
makes; avatara -- incarnation; apane -- Himself; acari' -- practicing;
bhakti -- devotional service; karena -- does; pracara -- propagation.
TRANSLATION
[Advaita Acarya thought:] "If Sri Krsna were to appear as an incarnation,
He Himself could preach devotion by His personal example.
Adi 3.100
TEXT 100
TEXT
nama vinu kali-kale dharma nahi ara
kali-kale kaiche habe krsna avatara
SYNONYMS
nama vinu -- except for the holy name; kali-kale -- in the Age of Kali;
dharma -- religion; nahi -- there is not; ara -- another; kali-kale --
in the Age of Kali; kaiche -- how; habe -- there will be; krsna -- Lord
Krsna; avatara -- incarnation.
TRANSLATION
"In this Age of Kali there is no religion other than the chanting of the
holy name of the Lord, but how in this age will the Lord appear as an
incarnation?
Adi 3.101
TEXT 101
TEXT
suddha-bhave kariba krsnera aradhana
nirantara sadainye kariba nivedana
SYNONYMS
suddha-bhave -- in a purified state of mind; kariba -- I shall do;
krsnera -- of Lord Krsna; aradhana -- worship; nirantara -- constantly;
sa-dainye -- in humility; kariba -- I shall make; nivedana -- request.
TRANSLATION
"I shall worship Krsna in a purified state of mind. I shall constantly
petition Him in humbleness.
Adi 3.102
TEXT 102
TEXT
aniya krsnere karon kirtana sancara
tabe se ‘advaita' nama saphala amara
SYNONYMS
aniya -- bringing; krsnere -- Lord Krsna; karon -- I make; kirtana --
chanting of the holy name; sancara -- advent; tabe -- then; se -- this;
advaita -- nondual; nama -- name; sa-phala -- fulfilled; amara -- My.
TRANSLATION
"My name, ‘Advaita,' will be fitting if I am able to induce Krsna to
inaugurate the movement of the chanting of the holy name."
PURPORT
The nondualist Mayavadi philosopher who falsely believes that he is
nondifferent from the Lord is unable to call Him like Advaita Prabhu.
Advaita Prabhu is nondifferent from the Lord, yet in His relationship
with the Lord He does not merge with Him but eternally renders service
unto Him as a plenary portion. This is inconceivable for Mayavadis
because they think in terms of mundane sense perception and therefore
think that nondualism necessitates losing one's separate identity. It is
clear from this verse, however, that Advaita Prabhu, although retaining
His separate identity, is nondifferent from the Lord.
Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu preached the philosophy of inconceivable,
simultaneous oneness with the Lord and difference from Him. Conceivable
dualism and monism are conceptions of the imperfect senses, which are
unable to reach the Transcendence because the Transcendence is beyond
the conception of limited potency. The actions of Sri Advaita Prabhu,
however, give tangible proof of inconceivable nondualism. One who
therefore surrenders unto Sri Advaita Prabhu can easily follow the
philosophy of inconceivable simultaneous dualism and monism.
Adi 3.103
TEXT 103
TEXT
krsna vasa karibena kon aradhane
vicarite eka sloka aila tanra mane
SYNONYMS
krsna -- Lord Krsna; vasa karibena -- shall propitiate; kon aradhane --
by what worship; vicarite -- while considering; eka -- one; sloka --
verse; aila -- came; tanra -- of Him; mane -- in the mind.
TRANSLATION
While He was thinking about how to propitiate Krsna by worship, the
following verse came to His mind.
Adi 3.104
TEXT 104
TEXT
tulasi-dala-matrena
jalasya culukena va
vikrinite svam atmanam
bhaktebhyo bhakta-vatsalah
SYNONYMS
tulasi -- of tulasi; dala -- a leaf; matrena -- by only; jalasya -- of
water; culukena -- by a palmful; va -- and; vikrinite -- sells; svam --
His own; atmanam -- self; bhaktebhyah -- unto the devotees; bhakta-
vatsalah -- Lord Krsna, who is affectionate to His devotees.
TRANSLATION
"Sri Krsna, who is very affectionate toward His devotees, sells Himself
to a devotee who offers Him merely a tulasi leaf and a palmful of water."
PURPORT
This is a verse from the Gautamiya-tantra.
Adi 3.105–106
TEXTS 105–106
TEXT
ei slokartha acarya karena vicarana
krsnake tulasi-jala deya yei jana
tara rna sodhite krsna karena cintana --
‘jala-tulasira sama kichu ghare nahi dhana'
SYNONYMS
ei -- this; sloka -- of the verse; artha -- the meaning; acarya --
Advaita Acarya; karena -- does; vicarana -- considering; krsnake -- to
Lord Krsna; tulasi-jala -- tulasi and water; deya -- gives; yei jana --
that person who; tara -- to Him; rna -- the debt; sodhite -- to pay;
krsna -- Lord Krsna; karena -- does; cintana -- thinking; jala-tulasira
sama -- equal to water and tulasi; kichu -- any; ghare -- in the house;
nahi -- there is not; dhana -- wealth.
TRANSLATION
Advaita Acarya considered the meaning of the verse in this way: "Not
finding any way to repay the debt He owes to one who offers Him a tulasi
leaf and water, Lord Krsna thinks, ‘There is no wealth in My possession
that is equal to a tulasi leaf and water.'
Adi 3.107
TEXT 107
TEXT
tabe atma veci' kare rnera sodhana
eta bhavi' acarya karena aradhana
SYNONYMS
tabe -- then; atma -- Himself; veci' -- selling; kare -- does; rnera --
of the debt; sodhana -- payment; eta -- thus; bhavi' -- thinking; acarya
-- Advaita Acarya; karena -- does; aradhana -- worshiping.
TRANSLATION
"Thus the Lord liquidates the debt by offering Himself to the devotee."
Considering in this way, the Acarya began worshiping the Lord.
PURPORT
Through devotional service one can easily please Lord Krsna with a leaf
of the tulasi plant and a little water. As the Lord says in the Bhagavad-
gita (9.26), a leaf, a flower, a fruit or some water (patram puspam
phalam toyam), when offered with devotion, very much pleases Him. He
universally accepts the services of His devotees. Even the poorest of
devotees in any part of the world can secure a small flower, fruit or
leaf and a little water, and if these offerings, and especially tulasi
leaves and Ganges water, are offered to Krsna with devotion, He is very
satisfied. It is said that Krsna is so much pleased by such devotional
service that He offers Himself to His devotee in exchange for it. Srila
Advaita Acarya knew this fact, and therefore He decided to call for the
Personality of Godhead Krsna to descend by worshiping the Lord with
tulasi leaves and the water of the Ganges.
Adi 3.108
TEXT 108
TEXT
ganga-jala, tulasi-manjari anuksana
krsna-pada-padma bhavi' kare samarpana
SYNONYMS
ganga-jala -- the water of the Ganges; tulasi-manjari -- buds of the
tulasi plant; anuksana -- constantly; krsna -- of Lord Krsna; pada-padma
-- lotus feet; bhavi' -- thinking of; kare -- does; samarpana --
offering.
TRANSLATION
Thinking of the lotus feet of Sri Krsna, He constantly offered tulasi
buds in water from the Ganges.
Adi 3.109
TEXT 109
TEXT
krsnera ahvana kare kariya hunkara
e-mate krsnere karaila avatara
SYNONYMS
krsnera -- of Lord Krsna; ahvana -- invitation; kare -- makes; kariya --
making; hunkara -- loud shouts; e-mate -- in this way; krsnere -- Lord
Krsna; karaila -- caused to make; avatara -- incarnation.
TRANSLATION
He appealed to Sri Krsna with loud calls and thus made it possible for
Krsna to appear.
Adi 3.110
TEXT 110
TEXT
caitanyera avatare ei mukhya hetu
bhaktera icchaya avatare dharma-setu
SYNONYMS
caitanyera -- of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; avatare -- in the incarnation;
ei -- this; mukhya -- principal; hetu -- cause; bhaktera -- of the
devotee; icchaya -- by the desire; avatare -- He descends; dharma-setu --
protector of religion.
TRANSLATION
Therefore the principal reason for Sri Caitanya's descent is this appeal
by Advaita Acarya. The Lord, the protector of religion, appears by the
desire of His devotee.
Adi 3.111
TEXT 111
TEXT
tvam bhakti-yoga-paribhavita-hrt-saroja
asse sruteksita-patho nanu natha pumsam
yad yad dhiya ta urugaya vibhavayanti
tat tad vapuh pranayase sad-anugrahaya
SYNONYMS
tvam -- You; bhakti-yoga -- by devotional service; paribhavita --
saturated; hrt -- of the heart; saroje -- on the lotus; asse -- dwell;
sruta -- heard; iksita -- seen; pathah -- whose path; nanu -- certainly;
natha -- O Lord; pumsam -- by the devotees; yat yat -- whatever; dhiya --
by the mind; te -- they; uru-gaya -- O Lord, who are glorified in
excellent ways; vibhavayanti -- contemplate upon; tat tat -- that; vapuh
-- form; pranayase -- You manifest; sat -- to Your devotees; anugrahaya -
- to show favor.
TRANSLATION
"O my Lord, You always dwell in the vision and hearing of Your pure
devotees. You also live in their lotuslike hearts, which are purified by
devotional service. O my Lord, who are glorified by exalted prayers, You
show special favor to Your devotees by manifesting Yourself in the
eternal forms in which they welcome You."
PURPORT
This text from Srimad-Bhagavatam (3.9.11) is a prayer by Lord Brahma to
the Supreme Personality of Godhead Krsna for His blessings in the work
of creation. Knowledge of the Supreme Personality of Godhead can be
understood from the descriptions of the Vedic scriptures. For example,
the Brahma-samhita (5.29) describes that in the abode of Lord Krsna,
which is made of cintamani (touchstone), the Lord, acting as a cowherd
boy, is served by hundreds and thousands of goddesses of fortune.
Mayavadis think that the devotees have imagined the form of Krsna, but
the authentic Vedic scriptures have actually described Krsna and His
various transcendental forms.
The word sruta in sruteksita-pathah refers to the Vedas, and iksita
indicates that the way to understand the Supreme Personality of Godhead
is by proper study of the Vedic scriptures. One cannot imagine something
about God or His form. Such imagination is not accepted by those who are
serious about enlightenment. Here Brahma says that one can know Krsna
through the path of properly understanding the Vedic texts. If by
studying the form, name, qualities, pastimes and paraphernalia of the
Supreme Godhead one is attracted to the Lord, he can execute devotional
service, and the form of the Lord will be impressed in his heart and
remain transcendentally situated there. Unless a devotee actually
develops transcendental love for the Lord, it is not possible for him to
think always of the Lord within his heart. Such constant thought of the
Lord is the sublime perfection of the yogic process, as the Bhagavad-
gita confirms in the Sixth Chapter (47), stating that anyone absorbed in
such thought is the best of all yogis. Such transcendental absorption is
known as samadhi. A pure devotee who is always thinking of the Supreme
Personality of Godhead is the person qualified to see the Lord.
One cannot speak of Urugaya (the Lord, who is glorified by sublime
prayers) unless one is transcendentally elevated. The Lord has
innumerable forms, as the Brahma-samhita confirms (advaitam acyutam
anadim ananta-rupam [Bs. 5.33]). The Lord expands Himself in innumerable
svamsa forms. When a devotee, hearing about these innumerable forms,
becomes attached to one and always thinks of Him, the Lord appears to
him in that form. Lord Krsna is especially pleasing to such devotees, in
whose hearts He is always present because of their highly elevated
transcendental love.
Adi 3.112
TEXT 112
TEXT
ei slokera artha kahi sanksepera sara
bhaktera icchaya krsnera sarva avatara
SYNONYMS
ei -- this; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- the meaning; kahi -- I
relate; sanksepera -- of conciseness; sara -- the pith; bhaktera -- of
the devotee; icchaya -- by the desire; krsnera -- of Lord Krsna; sarva --
all; avatara -- incarnations.
TRANSLATION
The essence of the meaning of this verse is that Lord Krsna appears in
all His innumerable eternal forms because of the desires of His pure
devotees.
Adi 3.113
TEXT 113
TEXT
caturtha slokera artha haila suniscite
avatirna haila gaura prema prakasite
SYNONYMS
caturtha -- fourth; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- the meaning; haila
-- was; su-niscite -- very surely; avatirna haila -- incarnated; gaura --
Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; prema -- love of God; prakasite -- to
manifest.
TRANSLATION
Thus I have surely determined the meaning of the fourth verse. Lord
Gauranga [Lord Caitanya] appeared as an incarnation to preach unalloyed
love of God.
Adi 3.114
TEXT 114
TEXT
sri-rupa-raghunatha-pade yara asa
caitanya-caritamrta kahe krsnadasa
SYNONYMS
sri-rupa -- Srila Rupa Gosvami; raghunatha -- Srila Raghunatha dasa
Gosvami; pade -- at the lotus feet of; yara -- whose; asa -- expectation;
Caitanya-caritamrta -- the book named Caitanya-caritamrta; kahe --
describes; krsna-dasa -- Srila Krsnadasa Kaviraja Gosvami.
TRANSLATION
Praying at the lotus feet of Sri Rupa and Sri Raghunatha, always
desiring their mercy, I, Krsnadasa, narrate Sri Caitanya-caritamrta,
following in their footsteps.
Thus end the Bhaktivedanta purports to Sri Caitanya-caritamrta, Adi-lila,
Third Chapter, describing the external reasons for the appearance of
Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
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