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Adi 16: The Pastimes of the Lord in His Childhood and Youth

Chapter 16:

The Pastimes of the Lord in His Childhood and Youth

This chapter fully describes Lord Caitanya's kaisora-lila, or the

activities He performed just before attaining youth. During this time He

studied deeply and was victorious over greatly learned scholars. During

His kaisora-lila the Lord also sported in the water. He went to East

Bengal to secure financial assistance, cultivate knowledge and introduce

the sankirtana movement, and there He met Tapana Misra, whom He

instructed about spiritual advancement and ordered to go to Varanasi.

While Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu was touring East Bengal, His wife,

Laksmidevi, was bitten by a serpent or by the serpent of separation, and

thus she left this world. When the Lord returned home, He saw that His

mother was overwhelmed with grief because of Laksmidevi's death.

Therefore at her request He later married His second wife, Visnupriya-

devi. This chapter also describes the Lord's argument with Kesava

Kasmiri, the celebrated scholar, and the Lord's criticism of his prayer

glorifying mother Ganges. In this prayer the Lord found five kinds of

literary ornaments and five kinds of literary faults, thus defeating the

pandita. Later the Kasmiri Pandita, who was known to have been

victorious all over the country, submitted himself to the goddess of

learning, and by her order he met Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu on the

morning of the next day and surrendered unto Him.

Adi 16.1

TEXT 1

TEXT

krpa-sudha-sarid yasya

visvam aplavayanty api

nica-gaiva sada bhati

tam caitanya-prabhum bhaje

SYNONYMS

krpa-sudha -- of the nectar of the mercy; sarit -- river; yasya -- whose;

visvam -- the whole universe; aplavayanti -- inundating; api --

although; nica-ga eva -- more inclined to the poor and fallen; sada --

always; bhati -- is manifest; tam -- Him; caitanya -- prabhum -- Lord

Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu; bhaje -- I worship.

TRANSLATION

I worship Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, whose nectarean mercy flows like

a great river, inundating the entire universe. Just as a river flows

downstream, Lord Caitanya especially extends Himself to the fallen.

PURPORT

Narottama dasa Thakura has sung, sri-krsna-caitanya prabhu daya kara

more. He prays for Lord Caitanya's mercy because He is the mercy

incarnation, having appeared especially to reclaim the fallen souls. The

more fallen one is, the greater one's claim to the favor of Lord Sri

Caitanya Mahaprabhu. One must only be very sincere and serious. Despite

being contaminated by all the bad qualities of this Kali-yuga, if one

surrenders unto the lotus feet of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the Lord will

surely and certainly deliver him. The best example is Jagai and Madhai.

In this Age of Kali practically everyone is like Jagai and Madhai, but

the sankirtana movement inaugurated by Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu is still

flowing like a great river, inundating the entire world, and thus the

International Society for Krishna Consciousness is successfully claiming

all fallen souls to free them from contamination.

Adi 16.2

TEXT 2

TEXT

jaya jaya sri-caitanya jaya nityananda

jayadvaitacandra jaya gaura-bhakta-vrnda

SYNONYMS

jaya jaya sri-caitanya -- all glories to Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu;

jaya -- all glories; nityananda -- to Lord Nityananda Prabhu; jaya

advaitacandra -- all glories to Advaitacandra; jaya -- all glories;

gaura-bhakta-vrnda -- to all the devotees of the Lord.

TRANSLATION

All glories to Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu! All glories to Lord

Nityananda! All glories to Advaitacandra! And all glories to all the

devotees of the Lord!

Adi 16.3

TEXT 3

TEXT

jiyat kaisora-caitanyo

murti-matya grhasramat

laksmyarcito ‘tha vag-devya

disam jayi-jaya-cchalat

SYNONYMS

jiyat -- long live; kaisora -- situated in the kaisora age; caitanyah --

Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; murti-matya -- having accepted such a body;

grha-asramat -- from a householder's life; laksmya -- by Laksmi; arcitah

-- being worshiped; atha -- then; vak-devya -- by the goddess of

learning; disam -- of all directions; jayi -- the conqueror; jaya-chalat

-- on the plea of conquering.

TRANSLATION

Long live Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu in His kaisora age! Both the goddess

of fortune and the goddess of learning worshiped Him. The goddess of

learning, Sarasvati, worshiped Him in His victory over the scholar who

had conquered all the world, and the goddess of fortune, Laksmidevi,

worshiped Him at home. Since He is therefore the husband or Lord of both

goddesses, I offer my obeisances unto Him.

Adi 16.4

TEXT 4

TEXT

ei ta' kaisora-lilara sutra-anubandha

sisya-gana padaite karila arambha

SYNONYMS

ei ta' -- thus; kaisora -- the age of kaisora (the age between the

eleventh and fifteenth years); lilara -- of the pastimes; sutra --

anubandha -- chronological synopsis; sisya-gana -- students; padaite --

to teach; karila -- did; arambha -- begin.

TRANSLATION

At the age of eleven Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu began to teach students.

This marks the beginning of His kaisora age.

Adi 16.5

TEXT 5

TEXT

sata sata sisya sange sada adhyapana

vyakhya suni sarva-lokera camakita mana

SYNONYMS

sata sata -- very many; sisya -- disciples; sange -- along with Him;

sada -- always; adhyapana -- studying; vyakhya -- explanation; suni --

hearing; sarva-lokera -- of all people; camakita -- astonished; mana --

minds.

TRANSLATION

As soon as the Lord became a teacher, many, many students came to Him,

every one of them astonished to hear His mode of explanation.

Adi 16.6

TEXT 6

TEXT

sarva-sastre sarva pandita paya parajaya

vinaya-bhangite karo duhkha nahi haya

SYNONYMS

sarva-sastre -- in all scriptures; sarva -- all; pandita -- learned

scholars; paya -- obtain; parajaya -- defeat; vinaya -- gentle; bhangite

-- by behavior; karo -- anyone's; duhkha -- unhappiness; nahi -- does

not; haya -- become.

TRANSLATION

The Lord defeated all kinds of scholars in discourses about all the

scriptures, yet because of His gentle behavior, none of them were

unhappy.

Adi 16.7

TEXT 7

TEXT

vividha auddhatya kare sisya-gana-sange

jahnavite jala-keli kare nana range

SYNONYMS

vividha -- various; auddhatya -- impudences; kare -- does; sisya-gana --

His disciples; sange -- with; jahnavite -- in the water of the Ganges;

jala-keli -- sporting in the water; kare -- does; nana -- in various;

range -- jokes.

TRANSLATION

The Lord, as a teacher, performed various kinds of pranks in His

sporting pastimes in the water of the Ganges.

Adi 16.8

TEXT 8

TEXT

kata dine kaila prabhu bangete gamana

yahan yaya, tahan laoyaya nama-sankirtana

SYNONYMS

kata dine -- after a few days; kaila -- did; prabhu -- the Lord; bangete

-- in East Bengal; gamana -- touring; yahan yaya -- wherever He goes;

tahan -- there; laoyaya -- induces; nama-sankirtana -- the sankirtana

movement.

TRANSLATION

After some days the Lord went to East Bengal, and wherever He went He

introduced the sankirtana movement.

PURPORT

Although Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu and His devotees in disciplic

succession can defeat all kinds of learned scholars, scientists and

philosophers in arguments, thus establishing the supremacy of the

Personality of Godhead, their main business as preachers is to introduce

sankirtana everywhere. Simply to defeat scholars and philosophers is not

the occupation of a preacher. Preachers must simultaneously introduce

the sankirtana movement, for that is the mission of the Caitanya cult.

Adi 16.9

TEXT 9

TEXT

vidyara prabhava dekhi camatkara cite

sata sata paduya asi lagila padite

SYNONYMS

vidyara -- of His learning; prabhava -- the influence; dekhi -- seeing;

camatkara -- wonder; cite -- within the heart; sata sata -- many

hundreds; paduya -- disciples or students; asi -- coming there; lagila --

began; padite -- to study.

TRANSLATION

Struck with wonder by the influence of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu's

intellectual prowess, many hundreds of students came to the Lord and

began studying under His direction.

Adi 16.10

TEXT 10

TEXT

sei dese vipra, nama -- misra tapana

niscaya karite nare sadhya-sadhana

SYNONYMS

sei dese -- in that region of East Bengal; vipra -- a brahmana; nama --

named; misra tapana -- Tapana Misra; niscaya karite -- to ascertain;

nare -- not able; sadhya -- objective; sadhana -- process.

TRANSLATION

In East Bengal there was a brahmana named Tapana Misra, who could not

ascertain the objective of life or how to attain it.

PURPORT

One must first ascertain the object of life and then understand how to

attain it. The Krsna consciousness movement is pointing out to everyone

that the object of life is to understand Krsna, and to attain that goal

of life one must practice Krsna consciousness, following the methods

prescribed by the Gosvamis with reference to the authoritative sastras

and Vedas.

Adi 16.11

TEXT 11

TEXT

bahu-sastre bahu-vakye citte bhrama haya

sadhya-sadhana srestha na haya niscaya

SYNONYMS

bahu-sastre -- by many books or scriptures; bahu-vakye -- by many

versions of many persons; citte -- within the heart; bhrama -- doubt;

haya -- there is; sadhya-sadhana -- objective and means; srestha --

about the best; na -- not; haya -- there is; niscaya -- certainty.

TRANSLATION

If one becomes a bookworm, reading many books and scriptures and hearing

many commentaries and the instructions of many men, this will produce

doubt within his heart. One cannot in this way ascertain the real goal

of life.

PURPORT

In Srimad-Bhagavatam (7.13.8) it is said, granthan naivabhyased bahun na

vyakhyam upayunjita: "One should not read many books, nor should one try

to make a profession of reciting many books, especially if one is a

devotee." One must give up the ambition to be a learned scholar and in

this way earn a worldly reputation and financial facilities. If one

diverts his attention to studying many books, he cannot fix his mind in

devotional service, nor can he understand many scriptures, for they are

full of grave statements and meanings. In this connection Srila

Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura gives his opinion that those who are

attracted to studying many kinds of literature concerning various

subject matters, especially fruitive activities and philosophical

speculation, are deprived of unalloyed devotional service because of

their splayed attention.

Man has a general tendency toward fruitive activities, religious

ritualistic ceremonies and philosophical speculation. A living entity

thus bewildered since time immemorial does not understand the real goal

of life, and thus his activities in life are wasted. Innocent persons

misled in this way are deprived of unalloyed krsna-bhakti, devotional

service to the Lord. Tapana Misra is a vivid example of such a person.

He was a learned scholar, but he could not ascertain what the goal of

life is. Therefore he was given a chance to hear Lord Caitanya

Mahaprabhu instructing Sanatana Gosvami. Lord Caitanya's instruction to

Tapana Misra is especially significant for persons who loiter here and

there collecting books and reading none of them, thus becoming

bewildered regarding the aim of life.

Adi 16.12

TEXT 12

TEXT

svapne eka vipra kahe, -- sunaha tapana

nimani-pandita pase karaha gamana

SYNONYMS

svapne -- in a dream; eka -- one; vipra -- brahmana; kahe -- says;

sunaha -- just hear; tapana -- Tapana Misra; nimani-pandita -- Nimai

Pandita; pase -- unto Him; karaha gamana -- go.

TRANSLATION

Tapana Misra, being thus bewildered, was directed by a brahmana in a

dream to go to Nimai Pandita [Caitanya Mahaprabhu].

Adi 16.13

TEXT 13

TEXT

tenho tomara sadhya-sadhana karibe niscaya

saksat isvara tenho, -- nahika samsaya

SYNONYMS

tenho -- He; tomara -- your; sadhya -- objective of life; sadhana --

process; karibe -- will do; niscaya -- ascertain; saksat -- direct;

isvara -- the Lord; tenho -- He is; nahika -- there is no; samsaya --

doubt.

TRANSLATION

"Because He is the Lord [isvara]," the brahmana told him, "undoubtedly

He can give you proper direction."

Adi 16.14

TEXT 14

TEXT

svapna dekhi' misra asi' prabhura carane

svapnera vrttanta saba kaila nivedane

SYNONYMS

svapna dekhi' -- by seeing the dream; misra -- Tapana Misra; asi' --

coming; prabhura -- of Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu; carane -- at the

shelter of the lotus feet; svapnera -- of the dream; vrttanta -- details;

saba -- all; kaila -- did; nivedane -- inform Him.

TRANSLATION

After seeing the dream, Tapana Misra came to the shelter of Lord

Caitanya's lotus feet, and he described all the details of the dream to

the Lord.

Adi 16.15

TEXT 15

TEXT

prabhu tusta hana sadhya-sadhana kahila

nama-sankirtana kara, -- upadesa kaila

SYNONYMS

prabhu -- the Lord; tusta -- satisfied; hana -- becoming; sadhya-sadhana

-- the objective and the process; kahila -- described; nama-sankirtana --

chanting of the Hare Krsna mantra; kara -- practice; upadesa kaila --

gave him the instruction.

TRANSLATION

The Lord, being satisfied, instructed him about the object of life and

the process for attaining it. He instructed him that the basic principle

of success is to chant the holy name of the Lord [the Hare Krsna maha-

mantra].

PURPORT

The Krsna consciousness movement is based upon this instruction of Lord

Caitanya Mahaprabhu that one must chant the Hare Krsna maha-mantra

regularly and according to the prescribed principles. We simply ask our

Western students to chant at least sixteen rounds a day, but sometimes

we find that they fail to chant even these sixteen rounds, and instead

they bring many austere books and a worshiping method that diverts their

attention in so many ways. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu's cult is based upon

the chanting of the Hare Krsna mantra. Lord Caitanya first advised

Tapana Misra to fix his mind on this chanting. We, the members of the

Krsna consciousness movement, must strictly follow this advice of

Caitanya Mahaprabhu.

Adi 16.16

TEXT 16

TEXT

tanra iccha, -- prabhu-sange navadvipe vasi

prabhu ajna dila, -- tumi yao varanasi

SYNONYMS

tanra iccha -- his desire; prabhu-sange -- with the Lord; navadvipe --

in Navadvipa; vasi -- I live there; prabhu ajna dila -- but the Lord

advised him; tumi -- you; yao -- go; varanasi -- to Benares.

TRANSLATION

Tapana Misra desired to live with the Lord in Navadvipa, but the Lord

asked him to go to Varanasi [Benares].

Adi 16.17

TEXT 17

TEXT

tahan ama-sange tomara habe darasana

ajna pana misra kaila kasite gamana

SYNONYMS

tahan -- there; ama-sange -- with Me; tomara -- your; habe -- there will

be; darasana -- meeting; ajna pana -- receiving this order; misra --

Tapana Misra; kaila -- did; kasite -- to Benares; gamana -- going.

TRANSLATION

The Lord assured Tapana Misra that they would meet again in Varanasi.

Receiving this order, Tapana Misra went there.

Adi 16.18

TEXT 18

TEXT

prabhura atarkya-lila bujhite na pari

sva-sanga chadana kene pathaya kasipuri

SYNONYMS

prabhura -- Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu's; atarkya-lila -- inconceivable

pastimes; bujhite -- to understand; na -- not; pari -- able; sva-sanga --

personal association; chadana -- avoiding; kene -- why; pathaya --

sends; kasi-puri -- to Benares.

TRANSLATION

I cannot understand the inconceivable pastimes of Lord Caitanya

Mahaprabhu, for although Tapana Misra wanted to live with Him in

Navadvipa, the Lord advised him to go to Varanasi.

PURPORT

When Tapana Misra met Him, Caitanya Mahaprabhu was living in household

life, and there was no indication that in the future He would accept the

sannyasa order. But by asking Tapana Misra to go to Varanasi, He

indicated that in the future He would accept sannyasa and that when He

would teach Sanatana Gosvami, Tapana Misra would take advantage of the

opportunity to learn the object of life and the real process for

attaining it.

Adi 16.19

TEXT 19

TEXT

ei mata bangera lokera kaila maha hita

‘nama' diya bhakta kaila, padana pandita

SYNONYMS

ei mata -- in this way; bangera -- of East Bengal; lokera -- of the

people; kaila -- contributed; maha -- great; hita -- benefit; nama --

the holy name of the Lord; diya -- giving them; bhakta -- devotees;

kaila -- made them; padana -- by educating them; pandita -- learned

scholars.

TRANSLATION

In this way Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu contributed the greatest benefit to

the people of East Bengal by initiating them into hari-nama, the

chanting of the Hare Krsna maha-mantra, and making them learned scholars

by educating them.

PURPORT

Following in the footsteps of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the Krsna

consciousness movement is distributing the Hare Krsna maha-mantra and

inducing people all over the world to chant. We are giving people an

immense treasury of transcendental literature, translated into all the

important languages of the world, and by the grace of Lord Sri Caitanya

Mahaprabhu this literature is selling profusely and people are chanting

the Hare Krsna maha-mantra with great delight. This is the preaching

process of the Caitanya cult. Since the Lord wanted this cult preached

all over the world, the International Society for Krishna Consciousness

is acting in a humble way so that the vision of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu

may be fulfilled all over the world, especially in the Western countries.

Adi 16.20

TEXT 20

TEXT

ei mata bange prabhu kare nana lila

etha navadvipe laksmi virahe duhkhi haila

SYNONYMS

ei mata -- in this way; bange -- in East Bengal; prabhu -- Lord Sri

Caitanya Mahaprabhu; kare -- does; nana -- various; lila -- pastimes;

etha -- here; navadvipe -- in Navadvipa; laksmi -- the wife of Nimai

Pandita; virahe -- in separation; duhkhi -- unhappy; haila -- became.

TRANSLATION

Because the Lord was engaged in various ways in preaching work in East

Bengal, His wife, Laksmidevi, was very unhappy at home in separation

from her husband.

Adi 16.21

TEXT 21

TEXT

prabhura viraha-sarpa laksmire damsila

viraha-sarpa-vise tanra paraloka haila

SYNONYMS

prabhura -- of the Lord; viraha-sarpa -- the separation snake; laksmire -

- Laksmidevi; damsila -- bit; viraha -- sarpa -- of the separation snake;

vise -- by the poison; tanra -- her; para-loka -- next world; haila --

it so happened.

TRANSLATION

The snake of separation bit Laksmidevi, and its poison caused her death.

Thus she passed to the next world. She went back home, back to Godhead.

PURPORT

As stated in the Bhagavad-gita (8.6), yam yam vapi smaran bhavam tyajaty

ante kalevaram: one's practice in thinking throughout his entire life

determines the quality of his thoughts at death, and thus at death one

obtains a suitable body. According to this principle, Laksmidevi, the

goddess of fortune from Vaikuntha, who was absorbed in thought of the

Lord in separation from Him, certainly went back home to Vaikunthaloka

after death.

Adi 16.22

TEXT 22

TEXT

antare janila prabhu, yate antaryami

desere aila prabhu saci-duhkha jani'

SYNONYMS

antare -- within Himself; janila -- knew; prabhu -- the Lord; yate --

because; antaryami -- He is the Supersoul; desere -- to the country;

aila -- returned; prabhu -- the Lord; saci -- of mother Sacidevi; duhkha

-- the unhappiness; jani' -- knowing.

TRANSLATION

Lord Caitanya knew about the disappearance of Laksmidevi because He is

the Supersoul Himself. Thus He returned home to solace His mother,

Sacidevi, who was greatly unhappy about the death of her daughter-in-law.

Adi 16.23

TEXT 23

TEXT

ghare aila prabhu bahu lana dhana-jana

tattva-jnane kaila sacira duhkha vimocana

SYNONYMS

ghare -- home; aila -- returned; prabhu -- the Lord; bahu -- much; lana -

- bringing; dhana -- riches; jana -- followers; tattva-jnane -- by

transcendental knowledge; kaila -- did; sacira -- of Sacimata; duhkha --

the unhappiness; vimocana -- relieving.

TRANSLATION

When the Lord returned home, bringing with Him great wealth and many

followers, He spoke to Sacidevi about transcendental knowledge to

relieve her of the grief she was suffering.

PURPORT

It is stated in the Bhagavad-gita (2.13):

dehino 'smin yatha dehe kaumaram yauvanam jara

tatha dehantara-praptir dhiras tatra na muhyati

"As the embodied soul continuously passes, in this body, from boyhood to

youth to old age, the soul similarly passes into another body at death.

The self-realized soul is not bewildered by such a change." Such verses

from the Bhagavad-gita or any other Vedic literature give valuable

instructions on the occasion of someone's passing away. By discussing

such instructions from the Bhagavad-gita or Srimad-Bhagavatam, a sober

man can certainly understand that the soul never dies but rather passes

from one body to another. This is called transmigration of the soul. A

soul comes into this material world and creates bodily relationships

with a father, a mother, sisters, brothers, a wife and children, but all

these relationships pertain to the body, not the soul. Therefore, as

described in the Bhagavad-gita, dhiras tatra na muhyati: one who is

sober is not disturbed by such phenomenal changes within this material

world. Such instructions are called tattva-katha, or real truth.

Adi 16.24

TEXT 24

TEXT

sisya-gana lana punah vidyara vilasa

vidya-bale saba jini' auddhatya prakasa

SYNONYMS

sisya-gana -- disciples; lana -- taking; punah -- again; vidyara -- of

education; vilasa -- pastime; vidya-bale -- by the strength of education;

saba -- everyone; jini' -- conquering; auddhatya -- of pride; prakasa --

manifestation.

TRANSLATION

After coming back from East Bengal, Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu again began

educating others. By the strength of His education He conquered everyone,

and thus He was greatly proud.

Adi 16.25

TEXT 25

TEXT

tabe visnupriya-thakuranira parinaya

tabe ta' karila prabhu digvijayi jaya

SYNONYMS

tabe -- after this; visnupriya -- Visnupriya; thakuranira -- of the

goddess of fortune; parinaya -- marriage; tabe ta' -- thereafter; karila

-- did; prabhu -- the Lord; dig-vijayi -- the champion; jaya -- conquer.

TRANSLATION

Then Lord Caitanya married Visnupriya, the goddess of fortune, and

thereafter He conquered a champion of learning named Kesava Kasmiri.

PURPORT

As in the modern day there are many champions in sports, so in bygone

days there were many learned scholars in India who were champions in

learning. One such person was Kesava Kasmiri, who came from the state of

Kashmir. He traveled all over India and at last came to Navadvipa to

challenge the learned scholars there. Unfortunately he could not conquer

the learned scholars in Navadvipa, for he was defeated by the boy

scholar Caitanya Mahaprabhu. Later he understood that Caitanya

Mahaprabhu is none other than the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Thus

he surrendered unto Him and later became a pure Vaisnava in the

sampradaya of Nimbarka. He wrote Kaustubha-prabha, a commentary on the

Vedanta commentary of the Nimbarka-sampradaya, which is known as the

Parijata-bhasya.

The Bhakti-ratnakara mentions Kesava Kasmiri and lists his predecessors

in the disciplic succession of the Nimbarka-sampradaya: (1) Srinivasa

Acarya, (2) Visva Acarya, (3) Purusottama, (4) Vilasa, (5) Svarupa, (6)

Madhava, (7) Balabhadra, (8) Padma, (9) Syama, (10) Gopala, (11) Krpa, (

12) Deva Acarya, (13) Sundara Bhatta, (14) Padmanabha, (15) Upendra, (16)

Ramacandra, (17) Vamana, (18) Krsna, (19) Padmakara, (20) Sravana, (21)

Bhuri, (22) Madhava, (23) Syama, (24) Gopala, (25) Balabhadra, (26)

Gopinatha, (27) Kesava, (28) Gokula and (29) Kesava Kasmiri. It is

stated in the Bhakti-ratnakara that Kesava Kasmiri was a favorite

devotee of mother Sarasvati, the goddess of learning. By her grace he

was an extremely influential scholar, and he was the greatest champion

among all the scholars in the four corners of the country. Therefore he

got the title dig-vijayi, which means "one who has conquered everyone in

all directions." He belonged to a very respectable brahmana family of

Kashmir. Later, by the order of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, he gave up the

profession of winning championships and became a great devotee. He

joined the Nimbarka-sampradaya, one of the Vaisnava communities of the

Vedic culture.

Adi 16.26

TEXT 26

TEXT

vrndavana-dasa iha kariyachena vistara

sphuta nahi kare dosa-gunera vicara

SYNONYMS

vrndavana-dasa -- Srila Vrndavana dasa Thakura; iha -- this; kariyachena

-- has made; vistara -- elaborate description ; sphuta -- what was clear;

nahi -- not; kare -- does; dosa -- gunera -- of both the faults and the

virtues; vicara -- analysis.

TRANSLATION

Vrndavana dasa Thakura has previously elaborately described this. That

which is clear need not be scrutinized for good qualities and faults.

Adi 16.27

TEXT 27

TEXT

sei amsa kahi, tanre kari' namaskara

ya' suni' digvijayi kaila apana dhik-kara

SYNONYMS

sei -- that; amsa -- portion; kahi -- I mention; tanre -- unto Sri

Vrndavana dasa Thakura; kari'-making; namaskara -- obeisances; ya' -- of

which; suni -- hearing; dig-vijayi -- the conquering pandita; kaila --

did; apana -- his own; dhik-kara -- condemnation.

TRANSLATION

Offering my obeisances to Srila Vrndavana dasa Thakura, I shall try to

describe that portion of the Lord's analysis which, when he heard it,

made the Digvijayi feel himself condemned.

Adi 16.28

TEXT 28

TEXT

jyotsnavati ratri, prabhu sisya-gana sange

vasiyachena gangatire vidyara prasange

SYNONYMS

jyotsnavati -- full moon; ratri -- night; prabhu -- Lord Caitanya

Mahaprabhu; sisya-gana -- disciples; sange -- along with; vasiyachena --

was sitting; ganga-tire -- on the bank of the Ganges; vidyara --

educational; prasange -- in discussion.

TRANSLATION

Once on a full moon night the Lord was sitting on the bank of the Ganges

with His many disciples and discussing literary topics.

Adi 16.29

TEXT 29

TEXT

hena-kale digvijayi tahani aila

gangare vandana kari' prabhure milila

SYNONYMS

hena-kale -- at this time; dig-vijayi -- Kesava Kasmiri; tahani -- there;

aila -- reached; gangare -- to mother Ganges; vandana -- prayers; kari'

-- offering; prabhure -- the Lord; milila -- met.

TRANSLATION

Coincidentally, Kesava Kasmiri Pandita came there. While offering his

prayers to mother Ganges, he met Caitanya Mahaprabhu.

Adi 16.30

TEXT 30

TEXT

vasaila tare prabhu adara kariya

digvijayi kahe mane avajna kariya

SYNONYMS

vasaila -- made seated; tare -- him; prabhu -- the Lord; adara --

adoration; kariya -- offering him; dig-vijayi -- Kesava Kasmiri; kahe --

says; mane -- within his mind; avajna -- disregard; kariya -- doing.

TRANSLATION

The Lord received him with adoration, but because Kesava Kasmiri was

very proud, he talked to the Lord very inconsiderately.

Adi 16.31

TEXT 31

TEXT

vyakarana padaha, nimani pandita tomara nama

balya-sastre loke tomara kahe guna-grama

SYNONYMS

vyakarana -- grammar; padaha -- You teach; nimani pandita -- Nimai

Pandita; tomara -- Your; nama -- name; balya-sastre -- in grammar, which

is considered a study for boys; loke -- the people in general; tomara --

of You; kahe -- declare; guna-grama -- very much qualified.

TRANSLATION

"I understand that You are a teacher of grammar," he said, "and that

Your name is Nimai Pandita. People speak very highly of Your teaching of

beginners' grammar.

PURPORT

Formerly Sanskrit schools first taught grammar very thoroughly, and this

system continues even now. A student was supposed to study grammar

carefully for twelve years in the beginning of his life, because if one

is expert in the grammar of the Sanskrit language, all the sastras are

open to him. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu was famous for teaching grammar to

students, and therefore Kesava Kasmiri first referred to His position as

a teacher of grammar. Kesava Kasmiri was very proud of his literary

career; he was far above the first lessons of grammar, and so he thought

the position of Nimai Pandita not at all comparable to his own.

Adi 16.32

TEXT 32

TEXT

vyakarana-madhye, jani, padaha kalapa

sunilun phankite tomara sisyera samlapa

SYNONYMS

vyakarana-madhye -- among grammars; jani -- I understand; padaha -- You

teach; kalapa -- the Kalapa-vyakarana; sunilun -- I have heard; phankite

-- in deceitful word jugglery; tomara -- Your; sisyera -- of the

disciples; samlapa -- the specific knowledge.

TRANSLATION

"I understand that You teach Kalapa-vyakarana. I have heard that Your

students are very expert in the word jugglery of this grammar."

PURPORT

There are many schools of grammar in the Sanskrit language, the most

famous of which are the systems of Panini and the Kalapa and Kaumudi

grammars. There were different branches of grammatical knowledge, and a

student of grammar was supposed to study them all in twelve years.

Caitanya Mahaprabhu, who was famous as Nimai Pandita, taught grammar to

His students, who became expert in dealing with the word jugglery of

complicated grammar. Almost anyone expert in studying grammar interprets

the sastras in many ways by changing the root meanings of their words. A

student of grammar can sometimes completely change the meaning of a

sentence by juggling grammatical rules. Kesava Kasmiri indirectly

taunted Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu by implying that although He was a

great teacher of grammar, such grammatical jugglery of root meanings did

not require great expertise. This was a challenge to Sri Caitanya

Mahaprabhu. Because it was prearranged that Kesava Kasmiri would have to

discuss the sastras with Nimai Pandita, from the very beginning he

wanted to bluff the Lord. Thus the Lord replied as follows.

Adi 16.33

TEXT 33

TEXT

prabhu kahe, vyakarana padai -- abhimana kari

sisyete na bujhe, ami bujhaite nari

SYNONYMS

prabhu kahe -- the Lord replied; vyakarana padai -- yes, I teach grammar;

abhimana kari -- I am supposed to do so; sisyete -- amongst My

disciples; na -- do not; bujhe -- understand; ami -- I also; bujhaite --

to make them understand; nari -- am not able.

TRANSLATION

The Lord said, "Yes, I am known as a teacher of grammar, but factually I

cannot impress My students with grammatical knowledge, nor can they

understand Me very well.

PURPORT

Since Kesava Kasmiri was a little puffed up, the Lord increased his

artificial pride by presenting Himself as subordinate to him. Thus He

flattered him as follows.

Adi 16.34

TEXT 34

TEXT

kahan tumi sarva-sastre kavitve pravina

kahan ami sabe sisu -- paduya navina

SYNONYMS

kahan-whereas; tumi-your good self; sarva-sastre-in all scriptures;

kavitve-in a literary career; pravina-very much experienced; kahan-

whereas; ami-I; sabe-just; sisu-a boy; paduya-student; navina-new.

TRANSLATION

"My dear sir, whereas you are a very learned scholar in all sorts of

scriptures and are very much experienced in composing poetry, I am only

a boy -- a new student and nothing more.

Adi 16.35

TEXT 35

TEXT

tomara kavitva kichu sunite haya mana

krpa kari' kara yadi gangara varnana

SYNONYMS

tomara -- your; kavitva -- poetic integrity; kichu -- something; sunite -

- to hear; haya -- becomes; mana -- mind; krpa -- mercy; kari'-showing

Me; kara -- you do; yadi -- if; gangara -- of mother Ganges; varnana --

description.

TRANSLATION

"Therefore I desire to hear your skill in composing poetry. We could

hear this if you would mercifully describe the glory of mother Ganges."

Adi 16.36

TEXT 36

TEXT

suniya brahmana garve varnite lagila

ghati eke sata sloka gangara varnila

SYNONYMS

suniya -- hearing this; brahmana -- the pandita, Kesava Kasmiri; garve --

in pride; varnite -- to describe; lagila -- began; ghati -- hour; eke --

one; sata -- hundred; sloka -- verses; gangara -- of the Ganges;

varnila -- described.

TRANSLATION

When the brahmana, Kesava Kasmiri, heard this, he became still more

puffed up, and within one hour he composed one hundred verses describing

mother Ganges.

Adi 16.37

TEXT 37

TEXT

suniya karila prabhu bahuta satkara

toma sama prthivite kavi nahi ara

SYNONYMS

suniya -- hearing this; karila -- did; prabhu -- the Lord; bahuta --

very much; satkara -- high praise; toma -- you; sama -- like; prthivite -

- in the world; kavi -- poet; nahi -- there is not; ara -- anyone else.

TRANSLATION

The Lord praised him, saying, "Sir, there is no greater poet than you in

the entire world.

Adi 16.38

TEXT 38

TEXT

tomara kavita sloka bujhite kara sakti

tumi bhala jana artha kimva sarasvati

SYNONYMS

tomara -- your; kavita -- poetry; sloka -- verses; bujhite -- to

understand; kara -- whose; sakti -- power; tumi -- you; bhala -- well;

jana -- know; artha -- meaning; kimva -- or; sarasvati -- the goddess of

learning.

TRANSLATION

"Your poetry is so difficult that no one can understand it but you and

mother Sarasvati, the goddess of learning.

PURPORT

Replying to Kesava Kasmiri sarcastically, Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu

indirectly minimized the value of his poetry by saying, "Yes, your

compositions are so nice that no one but you and your worshipable mother,

the goddess of learning, can understand them." Kesava Kasmiri was a

favorite devotee of mother Sarasvati, the goddess of learning, but

Caitanya Mahaprabhu, as the master of the goddess of learning, has the

right to speak sarcastically of her devotees. In other words, although

Kesava Kasmiri was proud of being favored by the goddess of learning, he

did not know that she is controlled by Caitanya Mahaprabhu Himself

because He is the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

Adi 16.39

TEXT 39

TEXT

eka slokera artha yadi kara nija-mukhe

suni' saba loka tabe paiba bada-sukhe

SYNONYMS

eka -- one; slokera -- of a verse; artha -- the meaning; yadi -- if;

kara -- you do; nija-mukhe -- by your own mouth; suni' -- hearing; saba -

- all; loka -- persons; tabe -- thereafter; paiba -- we shall get; bada -

- sukhe -- with great happiness.

TRANSLATION

"But if you explain the meaning of one verse, we can all hear it from

your own mouth and thus be very happy."

Adi 16.40

TEXT 40

TEXT

tabe digvijayi vyakhyara sloka puchila

sata slokera eka sloka prabhu ta' padila

SYNONYMS

tabe -- thereafter; dig-vijayi -- Kesava Kasmiri; vyakhyara -- for

explanation; sloka -- a verse; puchila -- inquired about; sata -- one

hundred; slokera -- of the verses; eka -- one; sloka -- verse; prabhu --

the Lord; ta' -- then; padila -- recited.

TRANSLATION

The Digvijayi, Kesava Kasmiri, inquired which verse He wanted explained.

The Lord then recited one of the one hundred verses Kesava Kasmiri had

composed.

Adi 16.41

TEXT 41

TEXT

mahattvam gangayah satatam idam abhati nitaram

yad esa sri-visnos carana-kamalotpatti-subhaga

dvitiya-sri-laksmir iva sura-narair arcya-carana

bhavani-bhartur ya sirasi vibhavaty adbhuta-guna

SYNONYMS

mahattvam -- greatness; gangayah -- of mother Ganges; satatam -- always;

idam -- this; abhati -- shines; nitaram -- without comparison; yat --

because; esa -- she; sri-visnoh -- of Lord Visnu; carana -- feet; kamala

-- lotus flower; utpatti -- generation; subhaga -- fortunate; dvitiya --

second; sri -- beautiful; laksmih -- goddess of fortune; iva -- like;

sura-naraih -- by demigods and human beings; arcya -- worshipable;

carana -- feet; bhavani -- of goddess Durga; bhartuh -- of the husband;

ya -- she; sirasi -- on the head; vibhavati -- flourishes; adbhuta --

wonderful; guna -- qualities.

TRANSLATION

"‘The greatness of mother Ganges always brilliantly exists. She is the

most fortunate because she emanated from the lotus feet of Sri Visnu,

the Personality of Godhead. She is a second goddess of fortune, and

therefore she is always worshiped both by demigods and by humanity.

Endowed with all wonderful qualities, she flourishes on the head of Lord

Siva.'"

Adi 16.42

TEXT 42

TEXT

‘ei slokera artha kara' -- prabhu yadi baila

vismita hana digvijayi prabhure puchila

SYNONYMS

ei -- this; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- explanation; kara --

kindly do; prabhu -- Lord Caitanya; yadi -- when; baila -- said; vismita

-- struck with wonder; hana -- being; dig-vijayi -- the champion;

prabhure -- unto the Lord; puchila -- inquired.

TRANSLATION

When Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu asked him to explain the meaning of this

verse, the champion, very much astonished, inquired from Him as follows.

Adi 16.43

TEXT 43

TEXT

jhanjhavata-praya ami sloka padila

tara madhye sloka tumi kaiche kanthe kaila

SYNONYMS

jhanjha-vata -- the strong wind of a storm; praya -- like; ami -- I;

sloka -- verses; padila -- recited; tara -- of them; madhye -- in the

midst; sloka -- one verse; tumi -- You; kaiche -- how; kanthe -- within

the heart; kaila -- have taken.

TRANSLATION

"I recited all the verses like the blowing wind. How could You

completely learn by heart even one among those verses?"

Adi 16.44

TEXT 44

TEXT

prabhu kahe, devera vare tumi -- ‘kavi-vara'

aiche devera vare keho haya ‘srutidhara'

SYNONYMS

prabhu -- the Lord; kahe -- replied; devera -- of a superior power; vare

-- by benediction; tumi -- you; kavi-vara -- the most elevated poet;

aiche -- similarly; devera -- of the Lord; vare -- by the benediction;

keho -- someone; haya -- becomes; sruti-dhara -- one who can immediately

remember.

TRANSLATION

The Lord replied, "By the grace of the Lord someone may become a great

poet, and similarly by His grace someone else may become a great sruti-

dhara who can memorize anything immediately."

PURPORT

In this connection, sruti-dhara is a very important word. Sruti means "

hearing," and dhara means "one who can capture." Formerly, before the

beginning of Kali-yuga, almost everyone, especially among the

intelligent men, the brahmanas, was a sruti-dhara. As soon as a student

heard any of the Vedic wisdom from his master, he would remember it

forever. There was no need to refer to books, and therefore there were

no written books in those days. The spiritual master delivered the Vedic

hymns and their explanations to the student, who would then remember

them forever, without consulting books.

To become a sruti-dhara, one who can remember simply by hearing, is a

great achievement for a student. In the Bhagavad-gita (10.41) the Lord

says:

yad yad vibhutimat sattvam srimad urjitam eva va

tat tad evavagaccha tvam mama tejo-'msa-sambhavam

"Know that all opulent, beautiful and glorious creations spring from but

a spark of My splendor."

As soon as we find anything extraordinary, we should understand that

such an extraordinary manifestation is the special grace of the Supreme

Personality of Godhead. Therefore Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu replied to

the champion, Kesava Kasmiri, that just as he was greatly proud of being

a favorite devotee of mother Sarasvati, so someone else, like Caitanya

Mahaprabhu Himself, being favored by the Supreme Personality of Godhead,

could become a sruti-dhara and thus memorize anything immediately simply

by hearing it.

Adi 16.45

TEXT 45

TEXT

slokera artha kaila vipra paiya santosa

prabhu kahe -- kaha slokera kiba guna-dosa

SYNONYMS

slokera -- of the verse; artha -- explanation; kaila -- made; vipra --

the brahmana; paiya -- obtaining; santosa -- satisfaction; prabhu -- the

Lord; kahe -- said; kaha -- kindly speak; slokera -- of the verse; kiba -

- what are; guna -- qualities; dosa -- faults.

TRANSLATION

Satisfied by the statement of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the brahmana [

Kesava Kasmiri] explained the quoted verse. Then the Lord said, "Now

kindly explain the special qualities and faults in the verse."

PURPORT

Not only did Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu pick out this one among the one

hundred verses and remember it although the brahmana had recited them

like the blowing wind, but He also analyzed its qualities and faults.

Not only did He hear the verse, but He immediately made a critical study

of it.

Adi 16.46

TEXT 46

TEXT

vipra kahe sloke nahi dosera abhasa

upamalankara guna, kichu anuprasa

SYNONYMS

vipra kahe -- the brahmana replied; sloke -- in that verse; nahi --

there is not; dosera -- of fault; abhasa -- even a tinge; upama-alankara

-- simile or metaphor; guna -- quality; kichu -- something; anuprasa --

alliteration.

TRANSLATION

The brahmana replied, "There is not a tinge of fault in that verse.

Rather, it has the good qualities of similes and alliteration."

PURPORT

In the last line of the verse quoted by Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the

letter bha is repeated many times, as in the words bhavani, bhartur,

vibhavati and adbhuta. Such repetition is called anuprasa, or

alliteration. The words laksmir iva and visnos carana-kamalotpatti are

instances of upama-alankara, for they exhibit metaphorical beauty. The

Ganges is water, and Laksmi is the goddess of fortune. Since water and a

person are not actually similar, the comparison is metaphorical.

Adi 16.47

TEXT 47

TEXT

prabhu kahena, -- kahi, yadi na karaha rosa

kaha tomara ei sloke kiba ache dosa

SYNONYMS

prabhu kahena -- the Lord replied; kahi -- let Me say; yadi -- if; na --

do not; karaha -- you become; rosa -- angry; kaha -- please tell Me;

tomara -- your; ei sloke -- in this verse; kiba -- what; ache -- there

is; dosa -- fault.

TRANSLATION

The Lord said, "My dear sir, I may say something to you if you will not

become angry. Can you explain the faults in this verse?

Adi 16.48

TEXT 48

TEXT

pratibhara kavya tomara devata santose

bhala-mate vicarile jani guna-dose

SYNONYMS

pratibhara -- of ingenuity; kavya -- poetry; tomara -- your; devata --

the Lord; santose -- satisfies; bhala-mate -- scrutinizingly; vicarile --

on analyzing; jani -- I know; guna-dose -- there are faults and good

qualities also.

TRANSLATION

"There is no doubt that your poetry is full of ingenuity, and certainly

it has satisfied the Supreme Lord. Yet if we scrutinizingly consider it

we can find both good qualities and faults."

Adi 16.49

TEXT 49

TEXT

tate bhala kari' sloka karaha vicara

kavi kahe, -- ye kahile sei veda-sara

SYNONYMS

tate -- therefore; bhala -- very carefully; kari' -- doing it; sloka --

the verse; karaha -- do; vicara -- judgment; kavi kahe -- the poet said;

ye kahile -- what You have said; sei -- that is; veda-sara -- exactly

right.

TRANSLATION

The Lord concluded, "Now, therefore, let us carefully scrutinize this

verse."

The poet replied, "Yes, the verse You have recited is perfectly correct.

Adi 16.50

TEXT 50

TEXT

vyakaraniya tumi nahi pada alankara

tumi ki janibe ei kavitvera sara

SYNONYMS

vyakaraniya -- a student of grammar; tumi -- You are; nahi -- do not;

pada -- study; alankara -- poetic ornaments; tumi -- You; ki -- what;

janibe -- will know; ei -- this; kavitvera -- of poetic quality; sara --

review.

TRANSLATION

"You are an ordinary student of grammar. What do You know about literary

embellishments? You cannot review this poetry because You do not know

anything about it."

PURPORT

Kesava Kasmiri first wanted to bluff Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu by saying

that since He was not an advanced student in literary style, He could

not review a verse full of metaphors and literary ornaments. This

argument has some basis in fact. Unless one is a medical man he cannot

criticize a medical man, and unless one is a lawyer he cannot criticize

a lawyer. Therefore Kesava Kasmiri first depreciated the Lord's position.

Because Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu was to the champion a student of

grammar, how could He dare criticize a great poet like him? Lord

Caitanya, therefore, criticized the poet in a different way. He said

that although He was certainly not advanced in a literary career, He had

heard from others how to criticize such poetry, and as a sruti-dhara,

possessing a complete memory, He could understand the process for such a

review.

Adi 16.51

TEXT 51

TEXT

prabhu kahena -- ataeva puchiye tomare

vicariya guna-dosa bujhaha amare

SYNONYMS

prabhu kahena -- the Lord said; ataeva -- therefore; puchiye -- I am

asking; tomare -- you; vicariya -- completely reviewing; guna --

qualities; dosa -- faults; bujhaha -- teach; amare -- Me.

TRANSLATION

Taking a humble position, Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu said, "Because I am

not on your level, I have asked you to teach Me by explaining the faults

and good qualities in your poetry.

Adi 16.52

TEXT 52

TEXT

nahi padi alankara, kariyachi sravana

tate ei sloke dekhi bahu dosa-guna

SYNONYMS

nahi padi -- I do not study; alankara -- the art of literary

embellishment; kariyachi -- I have done; sravana -- hearing; tate -- by

that; ei sloke -- in this verse; dekhi -- I see; bahu -- many; dosa --

faults; guna -- good qualities.

TRANSLATION

"Certainly I have not studied the art of literary embellishments. But I

have heard about it from higher circles, and thus I can review this

verse and find in it many faults and many good qualities."

PURPORT

The statement kariyachi sravana ("I have heard it") is very important in

the sense that hearing is more important than directly studying or

perceiving. If one is expert in hearing and hears from the right source,

his knowledge is immediately perfect. This process is called srauta-

pantha, or the acquisition of knowledge by hearing from authorities. All

Vedic knowledge is based on the principle that one must approach a bona

fide spiritual master and hear from him the authoritative statements of

the Vedas. It is not necessary for one to be a highly polished literary

man to receive knowledge; to receive perfect knowledge from a perfect

person, one must be expert in hearing. This is called the descending

process of deductive knowledge, or avaroha-pantha.

Adi 16.53

TEXT 53

TEXT

kavi kahe, -- kaha dekhi, kon guna-dosa

prabhu kahena, -- kahi, suna, na kariha rosa

SYNONYMS

kavi kahe -- the poet said; kaha dekhi -- You say "I see"; kon -- what;

guna -- good qualities; dosa -- faults; prabhu kahena -- the Lord

replied; kahi -- let Me say; suna -- please hear; na -- do not; kariha --

become; rosa -- angry.

TRANSLATION

The poet said, "All right, let me see what good qualities and faults You

have found."

The Lord replied, "Let Me speak, and please hear Me without becoming

angry.

Adi 16.54

TEXT 54

TEXT

panca dosa ei sloke panca alankara

krame ami kahi, suna, karaha vicara

SYNONYMS

panca -- five; dosa -- faults; ei sloke -- in this verse; panca -- five;

alankara -- literary embellishments; krame -- one after another; ami --

I; kahi -- say; suna -- kindly hear; karaha -- give; vicara -- judgment.

TRANSLATION

"My dear sir, in this verse there are five faults and five literary

ornaments. I shall state them one after another. Kindly hear Me and then

give your judgment.

PURPORT

In the verse beginning with mahattvam gangayah there are five literary

ornaments and five examples of faulty composition. There are two

examples of the fault called avimrsta-vidheyamsa and one example each of

the faults viruddha-mati, punar-ukti and bhagna-krama.

Vimrsta means "clean," and vidheyamsa means "predicate." It is a general

rule of composition to establish a subject first and then give its

predicate. For example, according to Sanskrit grammar if one says, "This

man is learned," his composition is in order. But if one says, "Learned

is this man," the composition is not in order. Such a flaw is called

avimrsta-vidheyamsa-dosa, or the fault of unclean composition. The

subject matter to be known of the verse is the glorification of the

Ganges, and therefore the word idam ("this"), or what is known, should

have been placed before instead of after the glorification. The subject

matter already known should be placed before the unknown so that its

meaning will not be misconstrued.

The second instance of avimrsta-vidheyamsa-dosa occurs in the words

dvitiya-sri-laksmir iva. In this composition the word dvitiya ("second")

is vidheya, or unknown. Placing the unknown first to make the compound

word dvitiya-sri-laksmir is another fault. The words dvitiya-sri-laksmir

iva were intended to compare the Ganges to the goddess of fortune, but

because of this fault the meaning of the compound word was bewildering.

The third fault is that of viruddha-mati, or contradictory conception,

in the words bhavani-bhartuh. The word bhavani refers to the wife of

Bhava, Lord Siva. But since Bhavani is already known as the wife of Lord

Siva, to add the word bharta, "husband," thus forming a compound meaning

"the husband of the wife of Lord Siva," is contradictory, for thus it

appears as if the wife of Lord Siva had another husband.

The fourth fault is punar-ukti, or redundancy, which occurs when the

verb vibhavati ("flourishes"), which should have ended the composition,

is further qualified by the unnecessary adjective adbhuta-guna ("endowed

with wonderful qualities"). The fifth fault is bhagna-krama, which means

"broken order." In the first, third and fourth lines there is anuprasa,

or alliteration, created by the sounds ta, ra and bha, but in the second

line there is no such anuprasa, and therefore the order is broken.

Adi 16.55

TEXT 55

TEXT

‘avimrsta-vidheyamsa' -- dui thani cihna

‘viruddha-mati', ‘bhagna-krama', ‘punar-atta', -- dosa tina

SYNONYMS

avimrsta-vidheyamsa -- unclean composition; dui thani -- in two places;

cihna -- symptoms; viruddha-mati -- a contradictory conception; bhagna-

krama -- broken order; punar-atta -- redundancy (also called punar-ukti);

dosa -- faults; tina -- three.

TRANSLATION

"In this verse the fault of avimrsta-vidheyamsa occurs twice, and the

faults of viruddha-mati, bhagna-krama and punar-atta occur once each.

Adi 16.56

TEXT 56

TEXT

‘gangara mahattva' -- sloke mula ‘vidheya'

idam sabde ‘anuvada' -- pache avidheya

SYNONYMS

gangara mahattva -- glorification of mother Ganges; sloke -- in the

verse; mula -- chief; vidheya -- unknown; idam sabde -- by the word idam

("this"); anuvada -- the known; pache -- at the end; avidheya --

improper.

TRANSLATION

"The glorification of the Ganges [mahattvam gangayah] is the principal

unknown subject matter in this verse, and the known subject matter is

indicated by the word ‘idam,' which has been placed after the unknown.

Adi 16.57

TEXT 57

TEXT

‘vidheya' age kahi' pache kahile ‘anuvada'

ei lagi' slokera artha kariyache badha

SYNONYMS

vidheya -- what is unknown; age -- first; kahi' -- after speaking; pache

-- at the end; kahile -- if one speaks; anuvada -- known things; ei lagi'

-- for this reason; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- meaning;

kariyache -- has been made; badha -- objectionable.

TRANSLATION

"Because you have placed the known subject at the end and that which is

unknown at the beginning, the composition is faulty, and the meaning of

the words has become doubtful.

Adi 16.58

TEXT 58

TEXT

anuvadam anuktvaiva

na vidheyam udirayet

na hy alabdhaspadam kincit

kutracit pratitisthati

SYNONYMS

anuvadam -- things already known; anuktva -- without mentioning; eva --

certainly; na -- not; vidheyam -- unknown subject matters; udirayet --

one should mention; na -- not; hi -- certainly; alabdha-aspadam --

without having achieved a proper place; kincit -- something; kutracit --

anywhere; pratitisthati -- has a position.

TRANSLATION

"‘Without first mentioning what is known, one should not introduce the

unknown, for that which has no solid basis can never be established

anywhere.'

PURPORT

This is a verse from the Ekadasi-tattva.

Adi 16.59

TEXT 59

TEXT

‘dvitiya sri-laksmi' -- ihan ‘dvitiyatva' vidheya

samase gauna haila, sabdartha gela ksaya

SYNONYMS

dvitiya sri-laksmi -- the word dvitiya-sri-laksmi ("a second all-opulent

goddess of fortune"); ihan -- this; dvitiyatva -- the quality of being a

second; vidheya -- the unknown, which is to be explained; samase -- in

the compound word; gauna -- secondary; haila -- became; sabda -- artha --

the word's intended meaning; gela -- became; ksaya -- lost.

TRANSLATION

"In the word ‘dvitiya-sri-laksmi' [‘a second all-opulent goddess of

fortune'], the quality of being a second Laksmi is the unknown. In

making this compound word, the meaning became secondary and the

originally intended meaning was lost.

Adi 16.60

TEXT 60

TEXT

‘dvitiya' sabda -- vidheya taha padila samase

‘laksmira samata' artha karila vinase

SYNONYMS

dvitiya sabda -- the word dvitiya ("second"); vidheya -- the unknown;

taha -- that; padila -- joined; samase -- in the compound word; laksmira

-- with Laksmi; samata -- equality; artha -- meaning; karila -- became;

vinase -- lost.

TRANSLATION

"Because the word ‘dvitiya' [‘second'] is the unknown, in its

combination in this compound word the intended meaning of equality with

Laksmi is lost.

Adi 16.61

TEXT 61

TEXT

‘avimrsta-vidheyamsa' -- ei dosera nama

ara eka dosa ache, suna savadhana

SYNONYMS

avimrsta-vidheyamsa -- avimrsta-vidheyamsa; ei -- this; dosera -- of the

fault; nama -- the name; ara -- another; eka -- one; dosa -- fault; ache

-- there is; suna -- hear; savadhana -- carefully.

TRANSLATION

"Not only is there the fault avimrsta-vidheyamsa, but there is also

another fault, which I shall point out to you. Kindly hear Me with great

attention.

Adi 16.62

TEXT 62

TEXT

‘bhavani-bhartr'-sabda dile paiya santosa

‘viruddha-mati-krt' nama ei maha dosa

SYNONYMS

bhavani-bhartr sabda -- the word bhavani-bhartr ("the husband of Bhavani"

); dile -- you have placed; paiya -- getting; santosa -- very much

satisfaction; viruddha-mati-krt -- a statement of opposing elements;

nama -- named; ei -- this; maha -- great; dosa -- fault.

TRANSLATION

"Here is another great fault. You have arranged the word ‘bhavani-bhartr'

to your great satisfaction, but this betrays the fault of contradiction.

Adi 16.63

TEXT 63

TEXT

bhavani-sabde kahe mahadevera grhini

tanra bharta kahile dvitiya bharta jani

SYNONYMS

bhavani sabde -- by the word bhavani; kahe -- is mentioned; mahadevera --

of Lord Siva; grhini -- the wife; tanra -- her; bharta -- husband;

kahile -- if we say; dvitiya -- second; bharta -- husband; jani -- we

understand.

TRANSLATION

"The word ‘bhavani' means ‘the wife of Lord Siva.' But when we mention

her husband, one might conclude that she has another husband.

Adi 16.64

TEXT 64

TEXT

‘siva-patnira bharta' iha sunite viruddha

‘viruddha-mati-krt' sabda sastre nahe suddha

SYNONYMS

siva-patnira -- of the wife of Lord Siva; bharta -- husband; iha -- this;

sunite -- to hear; viruddha -- contradiction; viruddha-mati-krt -- that

which creates a contradiction; sabda -- such a word; sastre -- in the

scriptures; nahe -- is not; suddha -- pure.

TRANSLATION

"It is contradictory to hear that Lord Siva's wife has another husband.

The use of such words in literature creates the fault called viruddha-

mati-krt.

Adi 16.65

TEXT 65

TEXT

‘brahmana-patnira bhartara haste deha dana'

sabda sunitei haya dvitiya-bharta jnana

SYNONYMS

brahmana-patnira -- of the wife of a brahmana; bhartara -- of the

husband; haste -- in the hand; deha -- give; dana -- charity; sabda --

these words; sunitei -- hearing; haya -- there is; dvitiya-bharta --

another husband; jnana -- knowledge.

TRANSLATION

"If someone says, ‘Place this charity in the hand of the husband of the

wife of the brahmana,' when we hear these contradictory words we

immediately understand that the brahmana's wife has another husband.

Adi 16.66

TEXT 66

TEXT

‘vibhavati' kriyaya vakya -- sanga, punah visesana

‘adbhuta-guna' -- ei punar-atta dusana

SYNONYMS

vibhavati kriyaya -- by the verb vibhavati ("flourishes"); vakya --

statement; sanga -- complete; punah -- again; visesana adbhuta-guna --

the adjective adbhuta-guna ("wonderful qualities"); ei -- this; punar-

atta -- repetition of the same word; dusana -- fault.

TRANSLATION

"The statement by the word ‘vibhavati' [‘flourishes'] is complete.

Qualifying it with the adjective ‘adbhuta-guna' [‘wonderful qualities']

creates the fault of redundancy.

Adi 16.67

TEXT 67

TEXT

tina pade anuprasa dekhi anupama

eka pade nahi, ei dosa ‘bhagna-krama'

SYNONYMS

tina pade -- in three lines; anuprasa -- alliteration; dekhi -- I see;

anupama -- extraordinary; eka pade -- in one line; nahi -- there is not (

alliteration); ei dosa -- this fault; bhagna-krama -- deviation.

TRANSLATION

"There is extraordinary alliteration in three lines of the verse, but in

one line there is no such alliteration. This is the fault of deviation.

Adi 16.68

TEXT 68

TEXT

yadyapi ei sloke ache panca alankara

ei panca-dose sloka kaila charakhara

SYNONYMS

yadyapi -- although; ei sloke -- in this verse; ache -- there are; panca

-- five; alankara -- literary embellishments; ei panca -- dose -- by the

above-mentioned five faults; sloka -- the verse; kaila -- has been made;

charakhara -- spoiled.

TRANSLATION

"Although there are five literary ornaments decorating this verse, the

entire verse has been spoiled by these five most faulty presentations.

Adi 16.69

TEXT 69

TEXT

dasa alankare yadi eka sloka haya

eka dose saba alankara haya ksaya

SYNONYMS

dasa alankare -- with ten instances of literary ornamentation; yadi --

if; eka -- one; sloka -- verse; haya -- there is; eka dose -- by one

fault; saba -- all; alankara -- ornaments; haya ksaya -- become null and

void.

TRANSLATION

"If there are ten literary ornaments in a verse but even one faulty

expression, the entire verse is nullified.

Adi 16.70

TEXT 70

TEXT

sundara sarira yaiche bhusane bhusita

eka sveta-kusthe yaiche karaye vigita

SYNONYMS

sundara -- beautiful; sarira -- body; yaiche -- as; bhusane -- with

ornaments; bhusita -- decorated; eka -- one; sveta-kusthe -- with a

white spot of leprosy; yaiche -- as; karaye -- is made; vigita --

abominable.

TRANSLATION

"One's beautiful body may be decorated with jewels, but one spot of

white leprosy makes the entire body abominable.

PURPORT

The great sage Bharata Muni, an authority on poetic metaphor, has given

his opinion in this connection as follows.

Adi 16.71

TEXT 71

TEXT

rasalankara-vat kavyam

dosa-yuk ced vibhusitam

syad vapuh sundaram api

svitrenaikena durbhagam

SYNONYMS

rasa -- with humors; alankara-vat -- with ornaments (metaphors, similes,

etc.); kavyam -- poetry; dosa-yuk -- faulty; cet -- if; vibhusitam --

very nicely decorated; syat -- it becomes so; vapuh -- the body;

sundaram -- beautiful; api -- even though; svitrena -- by a white spot

of leprosy; ekena -- one; durbhagam -- unfortunate.

TRANSLATION

"‘As one's body, although well-decorated with ornaments, is made

unfortunate by even one spot of white leprosy, so an entire poem is made

useless by a fault, despite alliteration, similes and metaphors.'

Adi 16.72

TEXT 72

TEXT

panca alankarera ebe sunaha vicara

dui sabdalankara, tina artha-alankara

SYNONYMS

panca -- five; alankarera -- of the literary embellishments; ebe -- now;

sunaha -- just hear; vicara -- description; dui -- two; sabda-alankara --

ornaments of sound or ornaments of words; tina -- three; artha-alankara

-- ornaments of meaning.

TRANSLATION

"Now hear the description of the five literary embellishments. There are

two ornaments of sound and three ornaments of meaning.

Adi 16.73

TEXT 73

TEXT

sabdalankara -- tina-pade ache anuprasa

‘sri-laksmi' sabde ‘punar-uktavad-abhasa'

SYNONYMS

sabda-alankara -- ornamentation of sound; tina-pade -- in three lines;

ache -- there is; anuprasa -- alliteration; sri-laksmi -- sabde -- in

the words sri-laksmi; punar-ukta-vat -- of repetition of the same word;

abhasa -- there is a tinge.

TRANSLATION

"There is a sound ornament of alliteration in three lines. And in the

combination of the words ‘sri' and ‘laksmi' there is the ornament of a

tinge of redundancy.

Adi 16.74

TEXT 74

TEXT

prathama-carane panca ‘ta'-karera panti

trtiya-carane haya panca ‘repha'-sthiti

SYNONYMS

prathama-carane -- in the first line; panca -- five; ta-karera -- of the

letter ta; panti -- very nice composition; trtiya-carane -- in the third

line; haya -- there is; panca -- five; repha -- of the letter ra; sthiti

-- composition.

TRANSLATION

"In the arrangement of the first line the letter ‘ta' occurs five times,

and the arrangement of the third line repeats the letter ‘ra' five times.

Adi 16.75

TEXT 75

TEXT

caturtha-carane cari ‘bha'-kara-prakasa

ataeva sabdalankara anuprasa

SYNONYMS

caturtha-carane -- in the fourth line; cari -- four; bha-kara -- of the

letter bha; prakasa -- manifestations; ataeva -- therefore; sabda-

alankara -- ornamental use of different sounds; anuprasa -- alliteration.

TRANSLATION

"In the fourth line the letter ‘bha' occurs four times. This arrangement

of alliteration is a pleasing ornamental use of sounds.

Adi 16.76

TEXT 76

TEXT

‘sri'-sabde, ‘laksmi'-sabde -- eka vastu ukta

punar-ukta-praya bhase, nahe punar-ukta

SYNONYMS

sri-sabde -- by the word sri; laksmi-sabde -- by the word laksmi; eka

vastu -- one thing; ukta -- is indicated; punar-ukta-praya -- almost

repetition; bhase -- appears; nahe -- but actually it is not; punar-ukta

-- repetition.

TRANSLATION

"Although the words ‘sri' and ‘laksmi' convey the same meaning and are

therefore almost redundant, they are nevertheless not redundant.

Adi 16.77

TEXT 77

TEXT

‘sri-yukta laksmi' arthe arthera vibheda

punar-uktavad-abhasa, sabdalankara-bheda

SYNONYMS

sri-yukta laksmi -- Laksmi, possessed of opulence; arthe -- in the sense;

arthera -- of the meaning; vibheda -- difference; punar -- ukta-vad-

abhasa -- tinge of punar-ukta-vat; sabda-alankara -- ornamental use of

words; bheda -- different.

TRANSLATION

"Describing Laksmi as possessed of sri [opulence] offers a difference in

meaning with a tinge of repetition. This is the second ornamental use of

words.

Adi 16.78

TEXT 78

TEXT

‘laksmir iva' arthalankara -- upama-prakasa

ara arthalankara ache, nama -- ‘virodhabhasa'

SYNONYMS

laksmir iva -- the words laksmir iva ("like Laksmi"); artha-alankara --

ornamental use of the meaning; upama -- analogy; prakasa --

manifestation; ara -- also; artha-alankara -- ornamental use of meaning;

ache -- there is; nama -- which is named; virodha-abhasa -- possibility

of contradiction.

TRANSLATION

"The use of the words ‘laksmir iva' [‘like Laksmi'] manifests the

ornament of meaning called upama [analogy]. There is also the further

ornament of meaning called virodhabhasa, or a contradictory indication.

Adi 16.79

TEXT 79

TEXT

‘gangate kamala janme' -- sabara subodha

‘kamale gangara janma' -- atyanta virodha

SYNONYMS

gangate -- in the river Ganges; kamala -- lotus flower; janme -- grows;

sabara -- of everyone; subodha -- understanding; kamale -- in the lotus

flower; gangara -- of the Ganges; janma -- birth; atyanta -- very much;

virodha -- contradiction.

TRANSLATION

"Everyone knows that lotus flowers grow in the water of the Ganges. But

to say that the Ganges takes birth from a lotus flower seems extremely

contradictory.

Adi 16.80

TEXT 80

TEXT

‘ihan visnu-pada-padme gangara utpatti'

virodhalankara iha maha-camatkrti

SYNONYMS

ihan -- in this connection; visnu-pada-padme -- in the lotus feet of

Lord Visnu; gangara -- of mother Ganges; utpatti -- beginning; virodha --

contradiction; alankara -- literary decoration; iha -- it; maha -- very

great; camatkrti -- wonder.

TRANSLATION

"The existence of mother Ganges begins from the lotus feet of the Lord.

Although this statement that water comes from a lotus flower is a

contradiction, in connection with Lord Visnu it is a great wonder.

Adi 16.81

TEXT 81

TEXT

isvara-acintya-saktye gangara prakasa

ihate virodha nahi, virodha-abhasa

SYNONYMS

isvara-acintya-saktye -- by the inconceivable potency of the Supreme

Lord; gangara -- of the Ganges; prakasa -- emanation; ihate -- in this;

virodha nahi -- there is no contradiction; virodha-abhasa -- appears to

be a contradiction.

TRANSLATION

"In this birth of the Ganges by the inconceivable potency of the Lord,

there is no contradiction although it appears contradictory.

PURPORT

The central point of all Vaisnava philosophy is to accept the

inconceivable potency of Lord Visnu. What sometimes appears

contradictory from a material viewpoint is understandable in connection

with the Supreme Personality of Godhead because He can perform

contradictory activities by dint of His inconceivable potencies. Modern

scientists are puzzled. They cannot even explain how such a large

quantity of chemicals has formed the atmosphere. Scientists explain that

water is a combination of hydrogen and oxygen, but when asked where such

a large quantity of hydrogen and oxygen came from and how they combined

to manufacture the great oceans and seas, they cannot answer because

they are atheists who will not accept that everything comes from life.

Their thesis is that life comes from matter.

Where do all these chemicals come from? The answer is that they are

produced by the inconceivable energy of the Supreme Personality of

Godhead. Living entities are part of the Supreme Godhead, and from their

bodies come many chemicals. For example, the lemon tree is a living

entity that produces many lemons, and within each lemon is a great deal

of citric acid. Therefore, if even an insignificant living entity who is

but a part of the Supreme Lord can produce so much of a chemical, how

much potency there must be in the body of the Supreme Personality of

Godhead.

Scientists cannot perfectly explain where the chemicals of the world are

manufactured, but one can explain this perfectly by accepting the

inconceivable energy of the Supreme Lord. There is no reason for denying

this argument. Since there are potencies in the living entities who are

samples of the Personality of Godhead, how much potency there must be in

the Supreme Godhead Himself. As described in the Vedas, nityo nityanam

cetanas cetananam: "He is the chief eternal of all eternals and the

chief living entity among all living entities." (Katha Upanisad, 2.2.13)

Unfortunately, atheistic science will not accept that matter comes from

life. Scientists insist upon their most illogical and foolish theory

that life comes from matter, although this is quite impossible. They

cannot prove in their laboratories that matter can produce life, yet

there are thousands and thousands of examples illustrating that matter

comes from life. Therefore in Sri Caitanya-caritamrta Krsnadasa Kaviraja

Gosvami says that as soon as one accepts the inconceivable potency of

the Supreme Personality of Godhead, no great philosopher or scientist

can put forward any thesis to contradict the Lord's power. This is

expressed in the following Sanskrit verse.

Adi 16.82

TEXT 82

TEXT

ambujam ambuni jatam

kvacid api na jatam ambujad ambu

mura-bhidi tad-viparitam

padambhojan maha-nadi jata

SYNONYMS

ambujam -- lotus flower; ambuni -- in the water; jatam -- is grown;

kvacit -- at any time; api -- certainly; na -- not; jatam -- grown;

ambujat -- from a lotus flower; ambu -- water; mura-bhidi -- in Krsna,

the killer of Murasura; tat-viparitam -- just the opposite of that; pada-

ambhojat -- from the lotus flower of His feet; maha-nadi -- the great

river; jata -- has grown.

TRANSLATION

"‘Everyone knows that lotus flowers grow in the water but water never

grows from a lotus. All such contradictions, however, are wonderfully

possible in Krsna: the great river Ganges has grown from His lotus feet.'

Adi 16.83

TEXT 83

TEXT

gangara mahattva -- sadhya, sadhana tahara

visnu-padotpatti -- ‘anumana' alankara

SYNONYMS

gangara -- of the Ganges; mahattva -- opulences; sadhya -- subject

matter; sadhana -- means; tahara -- of that; visnu-pada-utpatti -- her

origin from the lotus feet of the Lord; anumana -- called anumana (

hypothesis); alankara -- an ornament.

TRANSLATION

"The real glory of mother Ganges is that she has grown from the lotus

feet of Lord Visnu. Such a hypothesis is another ornament, called

anumana.

Adi 16.84

TEXT 84

TEXT

sthula ei panca dosa, panca alankara

suksma vicariye yadi achaye apara

SYNONYMS

sthula -- gross; ei -- these; panca -- five; dosa -- faults; panca --

five; alankara -- literary ornaments; suksma -- in detail; vicariye --

we consider; yadi -- if; achaye -- there are; apara -- unlimited.

TRANSLATION

"I have simply discussed the five gross faults and five literary

embellishments of this verse, but if we consider it in fine detail we

will find unlimited faults.

Adi 16.85

TEXT 85

TEXT

pratibha, kavitva tomara devata-prasade

avicara kavye avasya pade dosa-badhe

SYNONYMS

pratibha -- ingenuity; kavitva -- poetic imagination; tomara -- your;

devata -- of a demigod; prasade -- by the grace; avicara -- without good

judgment; kavye -- in the poetry; avasya -- certainly; pade -- there is;

dosa -- fault; badhe -- obstruction.

TRANSLATION

"You have achieved poetic imagination and ingenuity by the grace of your

worshipable demigod. But poetry not well reviewed is certainly subject

to criticism.

Adi 16.86

TEXT 86

TEXT

vicari' kavitva kaile haya sunirmala

salankara haile artha kare jhalamala

SYNONYMS

vicari' -- with proper consideration; kavitva -- poetic explanation;

kaile -- if done; haya -- it becomes; sunirmala -- very pure; sa-

alankara -- with metaphorical use of words; haile -- if it is; artha --

meaning; kare -- does; jhalamala -- dazzle.

TRANSLATION

"Poetic skill used with due consideration is very pure, and with

metaphors and analogies it is dazzling."

Adi 16.87

TEXT 87

TEXT

suniya prabhura vyakhya digvijayi vismita

mukhe na nihsare vakya, pratibha stambhita

SYNONYMS

suniya -- hearing; prabhura -- of the Lord; vyakhya -- explanation; dig-

vijayi -- the champion; vismita -- struck with wonder; mukhe -- in the

mouth; na -- did not; nihsare -- come out; vakya -- words; pratibha --

ingenuity; stambhita -- choked up.

TRANSLATION

After hearing the explanation of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the champion

poet was struck with wonder. His cleverness stunned, he could not say

anything.

Adi 16.88

TEXT 88

TEXT

kahite cahaye kichu, na aise uttara

tabe vicaraye mane ha-iya phanphara

SYNONYMS

kahite -- to speak; cahaye -- wants; kichu -- something; na -- not; aise

-- comes; uttara -- any reply; tabe -- thereafter; vicaraye -- considers;

mane -- within the mind; ha-iya -- becoming; phanphara -- puzzled.

TRANSLATION

He wanted to say something, but no reply would come from his mouth. He

then began to consider this puzzle within his mind.

Adi 16.89

TEXT 89

TEXT

paduya balaka kaila mora buddhi lopa

jani -- sarasvati more kariyachena kopa

SYNONYMS

paduya -- student; balaka -- a boy; kaila -- made; mora -- my; buddhi --

intelligence; lopa -- lost; jani -- I can understand; sarasvati --

mother Sarasvati; more -- with me; kariyachena -- must have been; kopa --

angry.

TRANSLATION

"This mere boy has blocked my intelligence. I can therefore understand

that mother Sarasvati has become angry with me.

PURPORT

In the Bhagavad-gita it is clearly said that all intelligence comes from

the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is situated in everyone's heart

as the Paramatma. The Paramatma gave the pandita the intelligence to

understand that because he was proud of his learning and wanted to

defeat even the Supreme Lord, by the will of the Lord and through the

agency of mother Sarasvati he had been defeated. One should not,

therefore, be too proud of one's position. Even if one is a greatly

learned scholar, if he commits an offense to the lotus feet of the Lord

he will not be able to speak properly, in spite of his learning. In

every respect, we are controlled. Our only duty, therefore, is to

surrender always to the lotus feet of the Lord and not be falsely proud.

Mother Sarasvati created this situation to favor the champion pandita so

that he might surrender unto Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu.

Adi 16.90

TEXT 90

TEXT

ye vyakhya karila, se manusyera nahe sakti

nimani-mukhe rahi' bale apane sarasvati

SYNONYMS

ye vyakhya -- which explanation; karila -- He has made; se -- that;

manusyera -- of any human being; nahe -- there is not; sakti -- power;

nimani-mukhe -- in the mouth of this boy Nimai; rahi' -- remaining; bale

-- speaks; apane -- personally; sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati.

TRANSLATION

"The wonderful explanation the boy has given could not have been

possible for a human being. Therefore mother Sarasvati must have spoken

personally through His mouth."

Adi 16.91

TEXT 91

TEXT

eta bhavi' kahe -- suna, nimani pandita

tava vyakhya suni' ami ha-ilan vismita

SYNONYMS

eta bhavi -- thinking like this; kahe -- the pandita says; suna -- hear;

nimani pandita -- O Nimai Pandita; tava -- Your; vyakhya -- explanations;

suni' -- hearing; ami -- I; ha-ilan -- have become; vismita -- struck

with wonder.

TRANSLATION

Thinking thus, the pandita said, "My dear Nimai Pandita, please hear me.

Hearing Your explanation, I am simply struck with wonder.

Adi 16.92

TEXT 92

TEXT

alankara nahi pada, nahi sastrabhyasa

kemane e saba artha karile prakasa

SYNONYMS

alankara -- the literary use of words; nahi pada -- You never read; nahi

-- nor is there; sastra-abhyasa -- long practice in the discussion of

the sastras; kemane -- by which method; e saba -- all these; artha --

explanations; karile -- You have made; prakasa -- manifestation.

TRANSLATION

"I am surprised. You are not a literary student and do not have long

experience in studying the sastras. How have You been able to explain

all these critical points?"

Adi 16.93

TEXT 93

TEXT

iha suni' mahaprabhu ati bada rangi

tanhara hrdaya jani' kahe kari' bhangi

SYNONYMS

iha suni' -- hearing this; mahaprabhu -- Caitanya Mahaprabhu; ati --

very; bada -- much; rangi -- funny; tanhara -- his; hrdaya -- heart;

jani' -- understanding; kahe -- says; kari' -- doing; bhangi --

indication.

TRANSLATION

Hearing this and understanding the pandita's heart, Sri Caitanya

Mahaprabhu replied in a humorous way.

Adi 16.94

TEXT 94

TEXT

sastrera vicara bhala-manda nahi jani

sarasvati ye balaya, sei bali vani

SYNONYMS

sastrera vicara -- discussion of sastra; bhala-manda -- good or bad;

nahi jani -- do not know; sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati; ye balaya --

whatever she speaks; sei -- those; bali -- I say; vani -- words.

TRANSLATION

"My dear sir, I do not know what is good composition and what is bad.

But whatever I have spoken must be understood to have been spoken by

mother Sarasvati."

Adi 16.95

TEXT 95

TEXT

iha suni' digvijayi karila niscaya

sisu-dvare devi more kaila parajaya

SYNONYMS

iha suni' -- hearing this; dig-vijayi -- the champion; karila --

admitted; niscaya -- decision; sisu-dvare -- through this boy; devi --

mother Sarasvati; more -- unto me; kaila -- has done; parajaya -- defeat.

TRANSLATION

When he heard this judgment from Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the pandita

sorrowfully wondered why mother Sarasvati wanted to defeat him through a

small boy.

Adi 16.96

TEXT 96

TEXT

aji tanre nivediba, kari' japa-dhyana

sisu-dvare kaila more eta apamana

SYNONYMS

aji -- today; tanre -- unto her; nivediba -- I shall offer my prayers;

kari' -- performing; japa -- chanting; dhyana -- meditation; sisu-dvare -

- through a boy; kaila -- has done; more -- unto me; eta -- so much;

apamana -- insult.

TRANSLATION

"I shall offer prayers and meditation to the goddess of learning," the

champion concluded, "and ask her why she has insulted me so greatly

through this boy."

Adi 16.97

TEXT 97

TEXT

vastutah sarasvati asuddha sloka karaila

vicara-samaya tanra buddhi acchadila

SYNONYMS

vastutah -- in fact; sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati; asuddha -- impure;

sloka -- verse; karaila -- caused him to compose; vicara-samaya -- at

the time of reviewing; tanra -- his; buddhi -- intelligence; acchadila --

covered.

TRANSLATION

Sarasvati had in fact induced the champion to compose his verse in an

impure way. Furthermore, when it was discussed she covered his

intelligence, and thus the Lord's intelligence was triumphant.

Adi 16.98

TEXT 98

TEXT

tabe sisya-gana saba hasite lagila

ta'-saba nisedhi' prabhu kavire kahila

SYNONYMS

tabe -- at that time; sisya-gana -- the disciples; saba -- all; hasite --

to laugh; lagila -- began; ta'-saba -- all of them; nisedhi' --

forbidding; prabhu -- the Lord; kavire -- unto the poet; kahila --

addressed.

TRANSLATION

When the poetic champion was thus defeated, all the Lord's disciples

sitting there began to laugh loudly. But Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu asked

them not to do so, and He addressed the poet as follows.

Adi 16.99

TEXT 99

TEXT

tumi bada pandita, mahakavi-siromani

yanra mukhe bahiraya aiche kavya-vani

SYNONYMS

tumi -- you; bada pandita -- greatly learned scholar; maha-kavi -- of

all great poets; siromani -- the topmost; yanra -- of whom; mukhe -- in

the mouth; bahiraya -- emanates; aiche -- such; kavya-vani -- poetic

language.

TRANSLATION

"You are the most learned scholar and the topmost of all great poets,

for otherwise how could such fine poetry come from your mouth?

Adi 16.100

TEXT 100

TEXT

tomara kavitva yena ganga-jala-dhara

toma-sama kavi kotha nahi dekhi ara

SYNONYMS

tomara -- your; kavitva -- poetic ingenuity; yena -- like; ganga-jala-

dhara -- the flowing of the waters of the Ganges; toma-sama -- like you;

kavi -- poet; kotha -- anywhere; nahi -- not; dekhi -- I see; ara --

anyone else.

TRANSLATION

"Your poetic skill is like the constant flow of the waters of the Ganges.

I find no one in the world who can compete with you.

Adi 16.101

TEXT 101

TEXT

bhavabhuti, jayadeva, ara kalidasa

tan-sabara kavitve ache dosera prakasa

SYNONYMS

bhavabhuti -- Bhavabhuti; jayadeva -- Jayadeva; ara -- and; kalidasa --

Kalidasa; tan-sabara -- of all of them; kavitve -- in the poetic power;

ache -- there is; dosera -- of faults; prakasa -- manifestation.

TRANSLATION

"Even in the poetic compositions of such great poets as Bhavabhuti,

Jayadeva and Kalidasa there are many examples of faults.

Adi 16.102

TEXT 102

TEXT

dosa-guna-vicara -- ei alpa kari' mani

kavitva-karane sakti, tanha se vakhani

SYNONYMS

dosa-guna-vicara -- therefore to criticize one's poetry as good or bad;

ei -- this; alpa -- negligible; kari' -- making; mani -- I consider;

kavitva -- poetic ingenuity; karane -- in performing; sakti -- power;

tanha -- that; se -- we; vakhani -- describe.

TRANSLATION

"Such mistakes should be considered negligible. One should see only how

such poets have displayed their poetic power.

PURPORT

In Srimad-Bhagavatam (1.5.11) it is said:

tad-vag-visargo janatagha-viplavo

yasmin prati-slokam abaddhavaty api

namany anantasya yaso 'nkitani yat

srnvanti gayanti grnanti sadhavah

"In explaining the glories of the Lord, inexperienced men may compose

poetry with many faults, but because it contains glorification of the

Lord, great personalities read it, hear it and chant it." Despite its

minute literary discrepancies, one must study poetry on the merit of its

subject matter. According to Vaisnava philosophy, any literature that

glorifies the Lord, whether properly written or not, is first class.

There need be no other considerations. The poetic compositions of

Bhavabhuti, or Srikantha, include Malati-madhava, Uttara-carita, Vira-

carita and many similar Sanskrit dramas. This great poet was born during

the time of Bhojaraja as the son of Nilakantha, a brahmana. Kalidasa

flourished during the time of Maharaja Vikramaditya, and he became the

state poet. He composed some thirty or forty Sanskrit dramas, including

Kumara-sambhava, Abhijnana-sakuntala and Megha-duta. His drama Raghu-

vamsa is especially famous. We have already described Jayadeva in

Chapter Thirteen of the Adi-lila.

Adi 16.103

TEXT 103

TEXT

saisava-capalya kichu na labe amara

sisyera samana muni na han tomara

SYNONYMS

saisava -- childish; capalya -- impudence; kichu -- anything; na -- do

not; labe -- please take; amara -- My; sisyera -- of disciples; samana --

the equal; muni -- I; na -- not; han -- am; tomara -- your.

TRANSLATION

"I am not even fit to be your disciple. Therefore kindly do not take

seriously whatever childish impudence I have shown.

Adi 16.104

TEXT 104

TEXT

aji vasa' yaha, kali miliba abara

suniba tomara mukhe sastrera vicara

SYNONYMS

aji -- today; vasa' -- resting place; yaha -- go back; kali -- tomorrow;

miliba -- we will meet; abara -- again; suniba -- I shall hear; tomara

mukhe -- from your mouth; sastrera -- on the sastras; vicara --

discussion.

TRANSLATION

"Please go back home, and tomorrow we may meet again so that I may hear

discourses on the sastras from your mouth."

Adi 16.105

TEXT 105

TEXT

ei-mate nija ghare gela dui jana

kavi ratre kaila sarasvati-aradhana

SYNONYMS

ei-mate -- in this way; nija ghare -- to their respective homes; gela --

went back; dui jana -- both of them; kavi -- poet; ratre -- at night;

kaila -- performed; sarasvati -- of mother Sarasvati; aradhana --

worship.

TRANSLATION

In this way both the poet and Caitanya Mahaprabhu went back to their

homes, and at night the poet worshiped mother Sarasvati.

Adi 16.106

TEXT 106

TEXT

sarasvati svapne tanre upadesa kaila

saksat isvara kari' prabhuke janila

SYNONYMS

sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati; svapne -- in a dream; tanre -- unto him;

upadesa -- advice; kaila -- gave; saksat -- directly; isvara -- the

Supreme Person; kari'-accepting; prabhuke -- the Lord; janila -- he

understood.

TRANSLATION

In a dream the goddess informed him of the Lord's position, and the

poetic champion could understand that Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu is the

Supreme Personality of Godhead Himself.

Adi 16.107

TEXT 107

TEXT

prate asi' prabhu-pade la-ila sarana

prabhu krpa kaila, tanra khandila bandhana

SYNONYMS

prate -- in the morning; asi' -- coming back; prabhu-pade -- at the

lotus feet of the Lord; la-ila -- took; sarana -- shelter; prabhu -- the

Lord; krpa -- mercy; kaila -- showed; tanra -- his; khandila -- cut off;

bandhana -- all bondage.

TRANSLATION

The next morning the poet came to Lord Caitanya and surrendered unto His

lotus feet. The Lord bestowed His mercy upon him and cut off all his

bondage to material attachment.

PURPORT

The same process advocated by Lord Sri Krsna in His teachings of the

Bhagavad-gita as it is -- "Surrender unto Me in all instances" -- was

advocated by Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu. The champion surrendered unto the

Lord, and the Lord favored him. One who is favored by the Lord is freed

from material bondage, as stated in the Bhagavad-gita (4.9): tyaktva

deham punar janma naiti mam eti so 'rjuna.

Adi 16.108

TEXT 108

TEXT

bhagyavanta digvijayi saphala-jivana

vidya-bale paila mahaprabhura carana

SYNONYMS

bhagyavanta -- very fortunate; dig-vijayi -- the poetic champion; sa-

phala -- successful; jivana -- life; vidya-bale -- by the strength of

learning; paila -- got; maha-prabhura -- of Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu;

carana -- lotus feet.

TRANSLATION

The poetic champion was certainly most fortunate. His life was

successful by dint of his vast learning and erudite scholarship, and

thus he attained the shelter of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu.

PURPORT

Sri Narottama dasa Thakura has sung that the best qualification for

taking shelter of the lotus feet of Lord Caitanya is to be the most

fallen because the Lord came specifically to deliver the fallen souls.

In this age there are very few scholars. Almost everyone is a fallen

meat-eater, drunkard, woman-hunter or gambler. Such persons are never

considered learned scholars, even if they pose as such. Because these so-

called scholars superficially see that Caitanya Mahaprabhu associates

with the fallen souls, they think that He is meant for a lower class of

men but that they do not need Him. Thus such scholars do not take to the

Krsna consciousness movement. To be puffed up with false learning,

therefore, is a disqualification for accepting the Krsna consciousness

movement. But here is a special example, for although the poetic

champion was a greatly learned scholar, the Lord also favored him

because of his humble submission.

Adi 16.109

TEXT 109

TEXT

e-saba lila varniyachena vrndavana-dasa

ye kichu visesa ihan karila prakasa

SYNONYMS

e-saba -- all these; lila -- pastimes; varniyachena -- has described;

vrndavana-dasa -- Vrndavana dasa Thakura; ye kichu -- whatever; visesa --

specifics; ihan -- in this connection; karila -- I have made; prakasa --

presentation.

TRANSLATION

Srila Vrndavana dasa Thakura has described all these incidents

elaborately. I have only presented the specific incidents he has not

described.

Adi 16.110

TEXT 110

TEXT

caitanya-gosanira lila -- amrtera dhara

sarvendriya trpta haya sravane yahara

SYNONYMS

caitanya-gosanira lila -- the pastimes of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu;

amrtera dhara -- drops of nectar; sarva-indriya -- all senses; trpta --

satisfied; haya -- become; sravane -- by hearing; yahara -- of them all.

TRANSLATION

The nectarean drops of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu's pastimes can satisfy

the senses of everyone who hears them.

Adi 16.111

TEXT 111

TEXT

sri-rupa-raghunatha-pade yara asa

caitanya-caritamrta kahe krsnadasa

SYNONYMS

sri-rupa -- Srila Rupa Gosvami; raghunatha -- Srila Raghunatha dasa

Gosvami; pade -- at the lotus feet; yara -- whose; asa -- expectation;

Caitanya-caritamrta -- the book named Caitanya-caritamrta; kahe --

describes; krsnadasa -- Srila Krsnadasa Kaviraja Gosvami.

TRANSLATION

Praying at the lotus feet of Sri Rupa and Sri Raghunatha, always

desiring their mercy, I, Krsnadasa, narrate Sri Caitanya-caritamrta,

following in their footsteps.

Thus end the Bhaktivedanta purports to Sri Caitanya-caritamrta, Adi-lila,

Sixteenth Chapter, describing the pastimes of the Lord in His childhood

and youth.

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Adi 16: The Pastimes of the Lord in His Childhood and Youth
 
Chapter 16: 
The Pastimes of the Lord Between His Childhood and Youth
 
This chapter fully describes Lord Caitanya's kaisora-lila, or the 
activities He performed just before attaining youth. During this time He 
studied deeply and was victorious over greatly learned scholars. During 
His kaisora-lila the Lord also sported in the water. He went to East 
Bengal to secure financial assistance, cultivate knowledge and introduce 
the sankirtana movement, and there He met Tapana Misra, whom He 
instructed about spiritual advancement and ordered to go to Varanasi. 
While Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu was touring East Bengal, His wife, 
Laksmidevi, was bitten by a serpent or by the serpent of separation, and 
thus she left this world. When the Lord returned home, He saw that His 
mother was overwhelmed with grief because of Laksmidevi's death. 
Therefore at her request He later married His second wife, Visnupriya-
devi. This chapter also describes the Lord's argument with Kesava 
Kasmiri, the celebrated scholar, and the Lord's criticism of his prayer 
glorifying mother Ganges. In this prayer the Lord found five kinds of 
literary ornaments and five kinds of literary faults, thus defeating the 
pandita. Later the Kasmiri Pandita, who was known to have been 
victorious all over the country, submitted himself to the goddess of 
learning, and by her order he met Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu on the 
morning of the next day and surrendered unto Him.
 
Adi 16.1
 
TEXT 1
 
TEXT
 
krpa-sudha-sarid yasya
visvam aplavayanty api
nica-gaiva sada bhati
tam caitanya-prabhum bhaje
SYNONYMS
 
krpa-sudha -- of the nectar of the mercy; sarit -- river; yasya -- whose;
 visvam -- the whole universe; aplavayanti -- inundating; api -- 
although; nica-ga eva -- more inclined to the poor and fallen; sada -- 
always; bhati -- is manifest; tam -- Him; caitanya-prabhum -- Lord 
Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu; bhaje -- I worship.
 
TRANSLATION
 
I worship Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, whose nectarean mercy flows like 
a great river, inundating the entire universe. Just as a river flows 
downstream, Lord Caitanya especially extends Himself to the fallen.
 
PURPORT
 
Narottama dasa Thakura has sung, sri-krsna-caitanya prabhu daya kara 
more. He prays for Lord Caitanya's mercy because He is the mercy 
incarnation, having appeared especially to reclaim the fallen souls. The 
more fallen one is, the greater one's claim to the favor of Lord Sri 
Caitanya Mahaprabhu. One must only be very sincere and serious. Despite 
being contaminated by all the bad qualities of this Kali-yuga, if one 
surrenders unto the lotus feet of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the Lord will 
surely and certainly deliver him. The best example is Jagai and Madhai. 
In this Age of Kali practically everyone is like Jagai and Madhai, but 
the sankirtana movement inaugurated by Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu is still 
flowing like a great river, inundating the entire world, and thus the 
International Society for Krishna Consciousness is successfully claiming 
all fallen souls to free them from contamination.
 
Adi 16.2
 
TEXT 2
 
TEXT
 
jaya jaya sri-caitanya jaya nityananda
jayadvaitacandra jaya gaura-bhakta-vrnda
SYNONYMS
 
jaya jaya sri-caitanya -- all glories to Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu; 
jaya -- all glories; nityananda -- to Lord Nityananda Prabhu; jaya 
advaitacandra -- all glories to Advaitacandra; jaya -- all glories; 
gaura-bhakta-vrnda -- to all the devotees of the Lord.
 
TRANSLATION
 
All glories to Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu! All glories to Lord 
Nityananda! All glories to Advaitacandra! And all glories to all the 
devotees of the Lord!
 
Adi 16.3
 
TEXT 3
 
TEXT
 
jiyat kaisora-caitanyo
murti-matya grhasramat
laksmyarcito ‘tha vag-devya
disam jayi-jaya-cchalat
SYNONYMS
 
jiyat -- long live; kaisora -- situated in the kaisora age; caitanyah -- 
Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; murti-matya -- having accepted such a body; 
grha-asramat -- from a householder's life; laksmya -- by Laksmi; arcitah 
-- being worshiped; atha -- then; vak-devya -- by the goddess of 
learning; disam -- of all directions; jayi -- the conqueror; jaya-chalat 
-- on the plea of conquering.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Long live Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu in His kaisora age! Both the goddess 
of fortune and the goddess of learning worshiped Him. The goddess of 
learning, Sarasvati, worshiped Him in His victory over the scholar who 
had conquered all the world, and the goddess of fortune, Laksmidevi, 
worshiped Him at home. Since He is therefore the husband or Lord of both 
goddesses, I offer my obeisances unto Him.
 
Adi 16.4
 
TEXT 4
 
TEXT
 
ei ta' kaisora-lilara sutra-anubandha
sisya-gana padaite karila arambha
SYNONYMS
 
ei ta' -- thus; kaisora -- the age of kaisora (the age between the 
eleventh and fifteenth years); lilara -- of the pastimes; sutra -- 
anubandha -- chronological synopsis; sisya-gana -- students; padaite -- 
to teach; karila -- did; arambha -- begin.
 
TRANSLATION
 
At the age of eleven Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu began to teach students. 
This marks the beginning of His kaisora age.
 
Adi 16.5
 
TEXT 5
 
TEXT
 
sata sata sisya sange sada adhyapana
vyakhya suni sarva-lokera camakita mana
SYNONYMS
 
sata sata -- very many; sisya -- disciples; sange -- along with Him; 
sada -- always; adhyapana -- studying; vyakhya -- explanation; suni -- 
hearing; sarva-lokera -- of all people; camakita -- astonished; mana -- 
minds.
 
TRANSLATION
 
As soon as the Lord became a teacher, many, many students came to Him, 
every one of them astonished to hear His mode of explanation.
 
Adi 16.6
 
TEXT 6
 
TEXT
 
sarva-sastre sarva pandita paya parajaya
vinaya-bhangite karo duhkha nahi haya
SYNONYMS
 
sarva-sastre -- in all scriptures; sarva -- all; pandita -- learned 
scholars; paya -- obtain; parajaya -- defeat; vinaya -- gentle; bhangite 
-- by behavior; karo -- anyone's; duhkha -- unhappiness; nahi -- does 
not; haya -- become.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The Lord defeated all kinds of scholars in discourses about all the 
scriptures, yet because of His gentle behavior, none of them were 
unhappy.
 
Adi 16.7
 
TEXT 7
 
TEXT
 
vividha auddhatya kare sisya-gana-sange
jahnavite jala-keli kare nana range
SYNONYMS
 
vividha -- various; auddhatya -- impudences; kare -- does; sisya-gana -- 
His disciples; sange -- with; jahnavite -- in the water of the Ganges; 
jala-keli -- sporting in the water; kare -- does; nana -- in various; 
range -- jokes.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The Lord, as a teacher, performed various kinds of pranks in His 
sporting pastimes in the water of the Ganges.
 
Adi 16.8
 
TEXT 8
 
TEXT
 
kata dine kaila prabhu bangete gamana
yahan yaya, tahan laoyaya nama-sankirtana
SYNONYMS
 
kata dine -- after a few days; kaila -- did; prabhu -- the Lord; bangete 
-- in East Bengal; gamana -- touring; yahan yaya -- wherever He goes; 
tahan -- there; laoyaya -- induces; nama-sankirtana -- the sankirtana 
movement.
 
TRANSLATION
 
After some days the Lord went to East Bengal, and wherever He went He 
introduced the sankirtana movement.
 
PURPORT
 
Although Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu and His devotees in disciplic 
succession can defeat all kinds of learned scholars, scientists and 
philosophers in arguments, thus establishing the supremacy of the 
Personality of Godhead, their main business as preachers is to introduce 
sankirtana everywhere. Simply to defeat scholars and philosophers is not 
the occupation of a preacher. Preachers must simultaneously introduce 
the sankirtana movement, for that is the mission of the Caitanya cult.
 
Adi 16.9
 
TEXT 9
 
TEXT
 
vidyara prabhava dekhi camatkara cite
sata sata paduya asi lagila padite
SYNONYMS
 
vidyara -- of His learning; prabhava -- the influence; dekhi -- seeing; 
camatkara -- wonder; cite -- within the heart; sata sata -- many 
hundreds; paduya -- disciples or students; asi -- coming there; lagila --
 began; padite -- to study.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Struck with wonder by the influence of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu's 
intellectual prowess, many hundreds of students came to the Lord and 
began studying under His direction.
 
Adi 16.10
 
TEXT 10
 
TEXT
 
sei dese vipra, nama -- misra tapana
niscaya karite nare sadhya-sadhana
SYNONYMS
 
sei dese -- in that region of East Bengal; vipra -- a brahmana; nama -- 
named; misra tapana -- Tapana Misra; niscaya karite -- to ascertain; 
nare -- not able; sadhya -- objective; sadhana -- process.
 
TRANSLATION
 
In East Bengal there was a brahmana named Tapana Misra, who could not 
ascertain the objective of life or how to attain it.
 
PURPORT
 
One must first ascertain the object of life and then understand how to 
attain it. The Krsna consciousness movement is pointing out to everyone 
that the object of life is to understand Krsna, and to attain that goal 
of life one must practice Krsna consciousness, following the methods 
prescribed by the Gosvamis with reference to the authoritative sastras 
and Vedas.
 
Adi 16.11
 
TEXT 11
 
TEXT
 
bahu-sastre bahu-vakye citte bhrama haya
sadhya-sadhana srestha na haya niscaya
SYNONYMS
 
bahu-sastre -- by many books or scriptures; bahu-vakye -- by many 
versions of many persons; citte -- within the heart; bhrama -- doubt; 
haya -- there is; sadhya-sadhana -- objective and means; srestha -- 
about the best; na -- not; haya -- there is; niscaya -- certainty.
 
TRANSLATION
 
If one becomes a bookworm, reading many books and scriptures and hearing 
many commentaries and the instructions of many men, this will produce 
doubt within his heart. One cannot in this way ascertain the real goal 
of life.
 
PURPORT
 
In Srimad-Bhagavatam (7.13.8) it is said, granthan naivabhyased bahun na 
vyakhyam upayunjita: "One should not read many books, nor should one try 
to make a profession of reciting many books, especially if one is a 
devotee." One must give up the ambition to be a learned scholar and in 
this way earn a worldly reputation and financial facilities. If one 
diverts his attention to studying many books, he cannot fix his mind in 
devotional service, nor can he understand many scriptures, for they are 
full of grave statements and meanings. In this connection Srila 
Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura gives his opinion that those who are 
attracted to studying many kinds of literature concerning various 
subject matters, especially fruitive activities and philosophical 
speculation, are deprived of unalloyed devotional service because of 
their splayed attention.
 
Man has a general tendency toward fruitive activities, religious 
ritualistic ceremonies and philosophical speculation. A living entity 
thus bewildered since time immemorial does not understand the real goal 
of life, and thus his activities in life are wasted. Innocent persons 
misled in this way are deprived of unalloyed krsna-bhakti, devotional 
service to the Lord. Tapana Misra is a vivid example of such a person. 
He was a learned scholar, but he could not ascertain what the goal of 
life is. Therefore he was given a chance to hear Lord Caitanya 
Mahaprabhu instructing Sanatana Gosvami. Lord Caitanya's instruction to 
Tapana Misra is especially significant for persons who loiter here and 
there collecting books and reading none of them, thus becoming 
bewildered regarding the aim of life.
 
Adi 16.12
 
TEXT 12
 
TEXT
 
svapne eka vipra kahe, -- sunaha tapana
nimani-pandita pase karaha gamana
SYNONYMS
 
svapne -- in a dream; eka -- one; vipra -- brahmana; kahe -- says; 
sunaha -- just hear; tapana -- Tapana Misra; nimani-pandita -- Nimai 
Pandita; pase -- unto Him; karaha gamana -- go.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Tapana Misra, being thus bewildered, was directed by a brahmana in a 
dream to go to Nimai Pandita [Caitanya Mahaprabhu].
 
Adi 16.13
 
TEXT 13
 
TEXT
 
tenho tomara sadhya-sadhana karibe niscaya
saksat isvara tenho, -- nahika samsaya
SYNONYMS
 
tenho -- He; tomara -- your; sadhya -- objective of life; sadhana -- 
process; karibe -- will do; niscaya -- ascertain; saksat -- direct; 
isvara -- the Lord; tenho -- He is; nahika -- there is no; samsaya -- 
doubt.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Because He is the Lord [isvara]," the brahmana told him, "undoubtedly 
He can give you proper direction."
 
Adi 16.14
 
TEXT 14
 
TEXT
 
svapna dekhi' misra asi' prabhura carane
svapnera vrttanta saba kaila nivedane
SYNONYMS
 
svapna dekhi' -- by seeing the dream; misra -- Tapana Misra; asi' -- 
coming; prabhura -- of Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu; carane -- at the 
shelter of the lotus feet; svapnera -- of the dream; vrttanta -- details;
 saba -- all; kaila -- did; nivedane -- inform Him.
 
TRANSLATION
 
After seeing the dream, Tapana Misra came to the shelter of Lord 
Caitanya's lotus feet, and he described all the details of the dream to 
the Lord.
 
Adi 16.15
 
TEXT 15
 
TEXT
 
prabhu tusta hana sadhya-sadhana kahila
nama-sankirtana kara, -- upadesa kaila
SYNONYMS
 
prabhu -- the Lord; tusta -- satisfied; hana -- becoming; sadhya-sadhana 
-- the objective and the process; kahila -- described; nama-sankirtana --
 chanting of the Hare Krsna mantra; kara -- practice; upadesa kaila -- 
gave him the instruction.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The Lord, being satisfied, instructed him about the object of life and 
the process for attaining it. He instructed him that the basic principle 
of success is to chant the holy name of the Lord [the Hare Krsna maha-
mantra].
 
PURPORT
 
The Krsna consciousness movement is based upon this instruction of Lord 
Caitanya Mahaprabhu that one must chant the Hare Krsna maha-mantra 
regularly and according to the prescribed principles. We simply ask our 
Western students to chant at least sixteen rounds a day, but sometimes 
we find that they fail to chant even these sixteen rounds, and instead 
they bring many austere books and a worshiping method that diverts their 
attention in so many ways. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu's cult is based upon 
the chanting of the Hare Krsna mantra. Lord Caitanya first advised 
Tapana Misra to fix his mind on this chanting. We, the members of the 
Krsna consciousness movement, must strictly follow this advice of 
Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
 
Adi 16.16
 
TEXT 16
 
TEXT
 
tanra iccha, -- prabhu-sange navadvipe vasi
prabhu ajna dila, -- tumi yao varanasi
SYNONYMS
 
tanra iccha -- his desire; prabhu-sange -- with the Lord; navadvipe -- 
in Navadvipa; vasi -- I live there; prabhu ajna dila -- but the Lord 
advised him; tumi -- you; yao -- go; varanasi -- to Benares.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Tapana Misra desired to live with the Lord in Navadvipa, but the Lord 
asked him to go to Varanasi [Benares].
 
Adi 16.17
 
TEXT 17
 
TEXT
 
tahan ama-sange tomara habe darasana
ajna pana misra kaila kasite gamana
SYNONYMS
 
tahan -- there; ama-sange -- with Me; tomara -- your; habe -- there will 
be; darasana -- meeting; ajna pana -- receiving this order; misra -- 
Tapana Misra; kaila -- did; kasite -- to Benares; gamana -- going.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The Lord assured Tapana Misra that they would meet again in Varanasi. 
Receiving this order, Tapana Misra went there.
 
Adi 16.18
 
TEXT 18
 
TEXT
 
prabhura atarkya-lila bujhite na pari
sva-sanga chadana kene pathaya kasipuri
SYNONYMS
 
prabhura -- Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu's; atarkya-lila -- inconceivable 
pastimes; bujhite -- to understand; na -- not; pari -- able; sva-sanga --
 personal association; chadana -- avoiding; kene -- why; pathaya -- 
sends; kasi-puri -- to Benares.
 
TRANSLATION
 
I cannot understand the inconceivable pastimes of Lord Caitanya 
Mahaprabhu, for although Tapana Misra wanted to live with Him in 
Navadvipa, the Lord advised him to go to Varanasi.
 
PURPORT
 
When Tapana Misra met Him, Caitanya Mahaprabhu was living in household 
life, and there was no indication that in the future He would accept the 
sannyasa order. But by asking Tapana Misra to go to Varanasi, He 
indicated that in the future He would accept sannyasa and that when He 
would teach Sanatana Gosvami, Tapana Misra would take advantage of the 
opportunity to learn the object of life and the real process for 
attaining it.
 
Adi 16.19
 
TEXT 19
 
TEXT
 
ei mata bangera lokera kaila maha hita
‘nama' diya bhakta kaila, padana pandita
SYNONYMS
 
ei mata -- in this way; bangera -- of East Bengal; lokera -- of the 
people; kaila -- contributed; maha -- great; hita -- benefit; nama -- 
the holy name of the Lord; diya -- giving them; bhakta -- devotees; 
kaila -- made them; padana -- by educating them; pandita -- learned 
scholars.
 
TRANSLATION
 
In this way Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu contributed the greatest benefit to 
the people of East Bengal by initiating them into hari-nama, the 
chanting of the Hare Krsna maha-mantra, and making them learned scholars 
by educating them.
 
PURPORT
 
Following in the footsteps of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the Krsna 
consciousness movement is distributing the Hare Krsna maha-mantra and 
inducing people all over the world to chant. We are giving people an 
immense treasury of transcendental literature, translated into all the 
important languages of the world, and by the grace of Lord Sri Caitanya 
Mahaprabhu this literature is selling profusely and people are chanting 
the Hare Krsna maha-mantra with great delight. This is the preaching 
process of the Caitanya cult. Since the Lord wanted this cult preached 
all over the world, the International Society for Krishna Consciousness 
is acting in a humble way so that the vision of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu 
may be fulfilled all over the world, especially in the Western countries.
 
Adi 16.20
 
TEXT 20
 
TEXT
 
ei mata bange prabhu kare nana lila
etha navadvipe laksmi virahe duhkhi haila
SYNONYMS
 
ei mata -- in this way; bange -- in East Bengal; prabhu -- Lord Sri 
Caitanya Mahaprabhu; kare -- does; nana -- various; lila -- pastimes; 
etha -- here; navadvipe -- in Navadvipa; laksmi -- the wife of Nimai 
Pandita; virahe -- in separation; duhkhi -- unhappy; haila -- became.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Because the Lord was engaged in various ways in preaching work in East 
Bengal, His wife, Laksmidevi, was very unhappy at home in separation 
from her husband.
 
Adi 16.21
 
TEXT 21
 
TEXT
 
prabhura viraha-sarpa laksmire damsila
viraha-sarpa-vise tanra paraloka haila
SYNONYMS
 
prabhura -- of the Lord; viraha-sarpa -- the separation snake; laksmire -
- Laksmidevi; damsila -- bit; viraha -- sarpa -- of the separation snake;
 vise -- by the poison; tanra -- her; para-loka -- next world; haila -- 
it so happened.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The snake of separation bit Laksmidevi, and its poison caused her death. 
Thus she passed to the next world. She went back home, back to Godhead.
 
PURPORT
 
As stated in the Bhagavad-gita (8.6), yam yam vapi smaran bhavam tyajaty 
ante kalevaram: one's practice in thinking throughout his entire life 
determines the quality of his thoughts at death, and thus at death one 
obtains a suitable body. According to this principle, Laksmidevi, the 
goddess of fortune from Vaikuntha, who was absorbed in thought of the 
Lord in separation from Him, certainly went back home to Vaikunthaloka 
after death.
 
Adi 16.22
 
TEXT 22
 
TEXT
 
antare janila prabhu, yate antaryami
desere aila prabhu saci-duhkha jani'
SYNONYMS
 
antare -- within Himself; janila -- knew; prabhu -- the Lord; yate -- 
because; antaryami -- He is the Supersoul; desere -- to the country; 
aila -- returned; prabhu -- the Lord; saci -- of mother Sacidevi; duhkha 
-- the unhappiness; jani' -- knowing.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Lord Caitanya knew about the disappearance of Laksmidevi because He is 
the Supersoul Himself. Thus He returned home to solace His mother, 
Sacidevi, who was greatly unhappy about the death of her daughter-in-law.
 
Adi 16.23
 
TEXT 23
 
TEXT
 
ghare aila prabhu bahu lana dhana-jana
tattva-jnane kaila sacira duhkha vimocana
SYNONYMS
 
ghare -- home; aila -- returned; prabhu -- the Lord; bahu -- much; lana -
- bringing; dhana -- riches; jana -- followers; tattva-jnane -- by 
transcendental knowledge; kaila -- did; sacira -- of Sacimata; duhkha -- 
the unhappiness; vimocana -- relieving.
 
TRANSLATION
 
When the Lord returned home, bringing with Him great wealth and many 
followers, He spoke to Sacidevi about transcendental knowledge to 
relieve her of the grief she was suffering.
 
PURPORT
 
It is stated in the Bhagavad-gita (2.13):
 
dehino 'smin yatha dehe kaumaram yauvanam jara
tatha dehantara-praptir dhiras tatra na muhyati
 
"As the embodied soul continuously passes, in this body, from boyhood to 
youth to old age, the soul similarly passes into another body at death. 
The self-realized soul is not bewildered by such a change." Such verses 
from the Bhagavad-gita or any other Vedic literature give valuable 
instructions on the occasion of someone's passing away. By discussing 
such instructions from the Bhagavad-gita or Srimad-Bhagavatam, a sober 
man can certainly understand that the soul never dies but rather passes 
from one body to another. This is called transmigration of the soul. A 
soul comes into this material world and creates bodily relationships 
with a father, a mother, sisters, brothers, a wife and children, but all 
these relationships pertain to the body, not the soul. Therefore, as 
described in the Bhagavad-gita, dhiras tatra na muhyati: one who is 
sober is not disturbed by such phenomenal changes within this material 
world. Such instructions are called tattva-katha, or real truth.
 
Adi 16.24
 
TEXT 24
 
TEXT
 
sisya-gana lana punah vidyara vilasa
vidya-bale saba jini' auddhatya prakasa
SYNONYMS
 
sisya-gana -- disciples; lana -- taking; punah -- again; vidyara -- of 
education; vilasa -- pastime; vidya-bale -- by the strength of education;
 saba -- everyone; jini' -- conquering; auddhatya -- of pride; prakasa --
 manifestation.
 
TRANSLATION
 
After coming back from East Bengal, Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu again began 
educating others. By the strength of His education He conquered everyone,
 and thus He was greatly proud.
 
Adi 16.25
 
TEXT 25
 
TEXT
 
tabe visnupriya-thakuranira parinaya
tabe ta' karila prabhu digvijayi jaya
SYNONYMS
 
tabe -- after this; visnupriya -- Visnupriya; thakuranira -- of the 
goddess of fortune; parinaya -- marriage; tabe ta' -- thereafter; karila 
-- did; prabhu -- the Lord; dig-vijayi -- the champion; jaya -- conquer.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Then Lord Caitanya married Visnupriya, the goddess of fortune, and 
thereafter He conquered a champion of learning named Kesava Kasmiri.
 
PURPORT
 
As in the modern day there are many champions in sports, so in bygone 
days there were many learned scholars in India who were champions in 
learning. One such person was Kesava Kasmiri, who came from the state of 
Kashmir. He traveled all over India and at last came to Navadvipa to 
challenge the learned scholars there. Unfortunately he could not conquer 
the learned scholars in Navadvipa, for he was defeated by the boy 
scholar Caitanya Mahaprabhu. Later he understood that Caitanya 
Mahaprabhu is none other than the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Thus 
he surrendered unto Him and later became a pure Vaisnava in the 
sampradaya of Nimbarka. He wrote Kaustubha-prabha, a commentary on the 
Vedanta commentary of the Nimbarka-sampradaya, which is known as the 
Parijata-bhasya.
 
The Bhakti-ratnakara mentions Kesava Kasmiri and lists his predecessors 
in the disciplic succession of the Nimbarka-sampradaya: (1) Srinivasa 
Acarya, (2) Visva Acarya, (3) Purusottama, (4) Vilasa, (5) Svarupa, (6) 
Madhava, (7) Balabhadra, (8) Padma, (9) Syama, (10) Gopala, (11) Krpa, (
12) Deva Acarya, (13) Sundara Bhatta, (14) Padmanabha, (15) Upendra, (16)
 Ramacandra, (17) Vamana, (18) Krsna, (19) Padmakara, (20) Sravana, (21) 
Bhuri, (22) Madhava, (23) Syama, (24) Gopala, (25) Balabhadra, (26) 
Gopinatha, (27) Kesava, (28) Gokula and (29) Kesava Kasmiri. It is 
stated in the Bhakti-ratnakara that Kesava Kasmiri was a favorite 
devotee of mother Sarasvati, the goddess of learning. By her grace he 
was an extremely influential scholar, and he was the greatest champion 
among all the scholars in the four corners of the country. Therefore he 
got the title dig-vijayi, which means "one who has conquered everyone in 
all directions." He belonged to a very respectable brahmana family of 
Kashmir. Later, by the order of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, he gave up the 
profession of winning championships and became a great devotee. He 
joined the Nimbarka-sampradaya, one of the Vaisnava communities of the 
Vedic culture.
 
Adi 16.26
 
TEXT 26
 
TEXT
 
vrndavana-dasa iha kariyachena vistara
sphuta nahi kare dosa-gunera vicara
SYNONYMS
 
vrndavana-dasa -- Srila Vrndavana dasa Thakura; iha -- this; kariyachena 
-- has made; vistara -- elaborate description ; sphuta -- what was clear;
 nahi -- not; kare -- does; dosa -- gunera -- of both the faults and the 
virtues; vicara -- analysis.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Vrndavana dasa Thakura has previously elaborately described this. That 
which is clear need not be scrutinized for good qualities and faults.
 
Adi 16.27
 
TEXT 27
 
TEXT
 
sei amsa kahi, tanre kari' namaskara
ya' suni' digvijayi kaila apana dhik-kara
SYNONYMS
 
sei -- that; amsa -- portion; kahi -- I mention; tanre -- unto Sri 
Vrndavana dasa Thakura; kari'-making; namaskara -- obeisances; ya' -- of 
which; suni -- hearing; dig-vijayi -- the conquering pandita; kaila -- 
did; apana -- his own; dhik-kara -- condemnation.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Offering my obeisances to Srila Vrndavana dasa Thakura, I shall try to 
describe that portion of the Lord's analysis which, when he heard it, 
made the Digvijayi feel himself condemned.
 
Adi 16.28
 
TEXT 28
 
TEXT
 
jyotsnavati ratri, prabhu sisya-gana sange
vasiyachena gangatire vidyara prasange
SYNONYMS
 
jyotsnavati -- full moon; ratri -- night; prabhu -- Lord Caitanya 
Mahaprabhu; sisya-gana -- disciples; sange -- along with; vasiyachena -- 
was sitting; ganga-tire -- on the bank of the Ganges; vidyara -- 
educational; prasange -- in discussion.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Once on a full moon night the Lord was sitting on the bank of the Ganges 
with His many disciples and discussing literary topics.
 
Adi 16.29
 
TEXT 29
 
TEXT
 
hena-kale digvijayi tahani aila
gangare vandana kari' prabhure milila
SYNONYMS
 
hena-kale -- at this time; dig-vijayi -- Kesava Kasmiri; tahani -- there;
 aila -- reached; gangare -- to mother Ganges; vandana -- prayers; kari' 
-- offering; prabhure -- the Lord; milila -- met.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Coincidentally, Kesava Kasmiri Pandita came there. While offering his 
prayers to mother Ganges, he met Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
 
Adi 16.30
 
TEXT 30
 
TEXT
 
vasaila tare prabhu adara kariya
digvijayi kahe mane avajna kariya
SYNONYMS
 
vasaila -- made seated; tare -- him; prabhu -- the Lord; adara -- 
adoration; kariya -- offering him; dig-vijayi -- Kesava Kasmiri; kahe -- 
says; mane -- within his mind; avajna -- disregard; kariya -- doing.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The Lord received him with adoration, but because Kesava Kasmiri was 
very proud, he talked to the Lord very inconsiderately.
 
Adi 16.31
 
TEXT 31
 
TEXT
 
vyakarana padaha, nimani pandita tomara nama
balya-sastre loke tomara kahe guna-grama
SYNONYMS
 
vyakarana -- grammar; padaha -- You teach; nimani pandita -- Nimai 
Pandita; tomara -- Your; nama -- name; balya-sastre -- in grammar, which 
is considered a study for boys; loke -- the people in general; tomara -- 
of You; kahe -- declare; guna-grama -- very  much qualified.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"I understand that You are a teacher of grammar," he said, "and that 
Your name is Nimai Pandita. People speak very highly of Your teaching of 
beginners' grammar.
 
PURPORT
 
Formerly Sanskrit schools first taught grammar very thoroughly, and this 
system continues even now. A student was supposed to study grammar 
carefully for twelve years in the beginning of his life, because if one 
is expert in the grammar of the Sanskrit language, all the sastras are 
open to him. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu was famous for teaching grammar to 
students, and therefore Kesava Kasmiri first referred to His position as 
a teacher of grammar. Kesava Kasmiri was very proud of his literary 
career; he was far above the first lessons of grammar, and so he thought 
the position of Nimai Pandita not at all comparable to his own.
 
Adi 16.32
 
TEXT 32
 
TEXT
 
vyakarana-madhye, jani, padaha kalapa
sunilun phankite tomara sisyera samlapa
SYNONYMS
 
vyakarana-madhye -- among grammars; jani -- I understand; padaha -- You 
teach; kalapa -- the Kalapa-vyakarana; sunilun -- I have heard; phankite 
-- in deceitful word jugglery; tomara -- Your; sisyera -- of the 
disciples; samlapa -- the specific knowledge.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"I understand that You teach Kalapa-vyakarana. I have heard that Your 
students are very expert in the word jugglery of this grammar."
 
PURPORT
 
There are many schools of grammar in the Sanskrit language, the most 
famous of which are the systems of Panini and the Kalapa and Kaumudi 
grammars. There were different branches of grammatical knowledge, and a 
student of grammar was supposed to study them all in twelve years. 
Caitanya Mahaprabhu, who was famous as Nimai Pandita, taught grammar to 
His students, who became expert in dealing with the word jugglery of 
complicated grammar. Almost anyone expert in studying grammar interprets 
the sastras in many ways by changing the root meanings of their words. A 
student of grammar can sometimes completely change the meaning of a 
sentence by juggling grammatical rules. Kesava Kasmiri indirectly 
taunted Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu by implying that although He was a 
great teacher of grammar, such grammatical jugglery of root meanings did 
not require great expertise. This was a challenge to Sri Caitanya 
Mahaprabhu. Because it was prearranged that Kesava Kasmiri would have to 
discuss the sastras with Nimai Pandita, from the very beginning he 
wanted to bluff the Lord. Thus the Lord replied as follows.
 
Adi 16.33
 
TEXT 33
 
TEXT
 
prabhu kahe, vyakarana padai -- abhimana kari
sisyete na bujhe, ami bujhaite nari
SYNONYMS
 
prabhu kahe -- the Lord replied; vyakarana padai -- yes, I teach grammar;
 abhimana kari -- I am supposed to do so; sisyete -- amongst My 
disciples; na -- do not; bujhe -- understand; ami -- I also; bujhaite -- 
to make them understand; nari -- am not able.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The Lord said, "Yes, I am known as a teacher of grammar, but factually I 
cannot impress My students with grammatical knowledge, nor can they 
understand Me very well.
 
PURPORT
 
Since Kesava Kasmiri was a little puffed up, the Lord increased his 
artificial pride by presenting Himself as subordinate to him. Thus He 
flattered him as follows.
 
Adi 16.34
 
TEXT 34
 
TEXT
 
kahan tumi sarva-sastre kavitve pravina
kahan ami sabe sisu -- paduya navina
SYNONYMS
 
kahan-whereas; tumi-your good self; sarva-sastre-in all scriptures; 
kavitve-in a literary career; pravina-very  much experienced; kahan-
whereas; ami-I; sabe-just; sisu-a boy; paduya-student; navina-new. 
 
TRANSLATION
 
"My dear sir, whereas you are a very learned scholar in all sorts of 
scriptures and are very  much experienced in composing poetry, I am only 
a boy -- a new student and nothing more. 
 
Adi 16.35
 
TEXT 35
 
TEXT
 
tomara kavitva kichu sunite haya mana
krpa kari' kara yadi gangara varnana
SYNONYMS
 
tomara -- your; kavitva -- poetic integrity; kichu -- something; sunite -
- to hear; haya -- becomes; mana -- mind; krpa -- mercy; kari'-showing 
Me; kara -- you do; yadi -- if; gangara -- of mother Ganges; varnana -- 
description.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Therefore I desire to hear your skill in composing poetry. We could 
hear this if you would mercifully describe the glory of mother Ganges."
 
Adi 16.36
 
TEXT 36
 
TEXT
 
suniya brahmana garve varnite lagila
ghati eke sata sloka gangara varnila
SYNONYMS
 
suniya -- hearing this; brahmana -- the pandita, Kesava Kasmiri; garve --
 in pride; varnite -- to describe; lagila -- began; ghati -- hour; eke --
 one; sata -- hundred; sloka -- verses; gangara -- of the Ganges; 
varnila -- described.
 
TRANSLATION
 
When the brahmana, Kesava Kasmiri, heard this, he became still more 
puffed up, and within one hour he composed one hundred verses describing 
mother Ganges.
 
Adi 16.37
 
TEXT 37
 
TEXT
 
suniya karila prabhu bahuta satkara
toma sama prthivite kavi nahi ara
SYNONYMS
 
suniya -- hearing this; karila -- did; prabhu -- the Lord; bahuta -- 
very much; satkara -- high praise; toma -- you; sama -- like; prthivite -
- in the world; kavi -- poet; nahi -- there is not; ara -- anyone else.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The Lord praised him, saying, "Sir, there is no greater poet than you in 
the entire world.
 
Adi 16.38
 
TEXT 38
 
TEXT
 
tomara kavita sloka bujhite kara sakti
tumi bhala jana artha kimva sarasvati
SYNONYMS
 
tomara -- your; kavita -- poetry; sloka -- verses; bujhite -- to 
understand; kara -- whose; sakti -- power; tumi -- you; bhala -- well; 
jana -- know; artha -- meaning; kimva -- or; sarasvati -- the goddess of 
learning.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Your poetry is so difficult that no one can understand it but you and 
mother Sarasvati, the goddess of learning.
 
PURPORT
 
Replying to Kesava Kasmiri sarcastically, Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu 
indirectly minimized the value of his poetry by saying, "Yes, your 
compositions are so nice that no one but you and your worshipable mother,
 the goddess of learning, can understand them." Kesava Kasmiri was a 
favorite devotee of mother Sarasvati, the goddess of learning, but 
Caitanya Mahaprabhu, as the master of the goddess of learning, has the 
right to speak sarcastically of her devotees. In other words, although 
Kesava Kasmiri was proud of being favored by the goddess of learning, he 
did not know that she is controlled by Caitanya Mahaprabhu Himself 
because He is the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
 
Adi 16.39
 
TEXT 39
 
TEXT
 
eka slokera artha yadi kara nija-mukhe
suni' saba loka tabe paiba bada-sukhe
SYNONYMS
 
eka -- one; slokera -- of a verse; artha -- the meaning; yadi -- if; 
kara -- you do; nija-mukhe -- by your own mouth; suni' -- hearing; saba -
- all; loka -- persons; tabe -- thereafter; paiba -- we shall get; bada -
- sukhe -- with great happiness.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"But if you explain the meaning of one verse, we can all hear it from 
your own mouth and thus be very happy."
 
Adi 16.40
 
TEXT 40
 
TEXT
 
tabe digvijayi vyakhyara sloka puchila
sata slokera eka sloka prabhu ta' padila
SYNONYMS
 
tabe -- thereafter; dig-vijayi -- Kesava Kasmiri; vyakhyara -- for 
explanation; sloka -- a verse; puchila -- inquired about; sata -- one 
hundred; slokera -- of the verses; eka -- one; sloka -- verse; prabhu -- 
the Lord; ta' -- then; padila -- recited.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The Digvijayi, Kesava Kasmiri, inquired which verse He wanted explained. 
The Lord then recited one of the one hundred verses Kesava Kasmiri had 
composed.
 
Adi 16.41
 
TEXT 41
 
TEXT
 
mahattvam gangayah satatam idam abhati nitaram
yad esa sri-visnos carana-kamalotpatti-subhaga
dvitiya-sri-laksmir iva sura-narair arcya-carana
bhavani-bhartur ya sirasi vibhavaty adbhuta-guna
SYNONYMS
 
mahattvam -- greatness; gangayah -- of mother Ganges; satatam -- always; 
idam -- this; abhati -- shines; nitaram -- without comparison; yat -- 
because; esa -- she; sri-visnoh -- of Lord Visnu; carana -- feet; kamala 
-- lotus flower; utpatti -- generation; subhaga -- fortunate; dvitiya -- 
second; sri -- beautiful; laksmih -- goddess of fortune; iva -- like; 
sura-naraih -- by demigods and human beings; arcya -- worshipable; 
carana -- feet; bhavani -- of goddess Durga; bhartuh -- of the husband; 
ya -- she; sirasi -- on the head; vibhavati -- flourishes; adbhuta -- 
wonderful; guna -- qualities.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"‘The greatness of mother Ganges always brilliantly exists. She is the 
most fortunate because she emanated from the lotus feet of Sri Visnu, 
the Personality of Godhead. She is a second goddess of fortune, and 
therefore she is always worshiped both by demigods and by humanity. 
Endowed with all wonderful qualities, she flourishes on the head of Lord 
Siva.'"
 
Adi 16.42
 
TEXT 42
 
TEXT
 
‘ei slokera artha kara' -- prabhu yadi baila
vismita hana digvijayi prabhure puchila
SYNONYMS
 
ei -- this; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- explanation; kara -- 
kindly do; prabhu -- Lord Caitanya; yadi -- when; baila -- said; vismita 
-- struck with wonder; hana -- being; dig-vijayi -- the champion; 
prabhure -- unto the Lord; puchila -- inquired.
 
TRANSLATION
 
When Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu asked him to explain the meaning of this 
verse, the champion, very much astonished, inquired from Him as follows.
 
Adi 16.43
 
TEXT 43
 
TEXT
 
jhanjhavata-praya ami sloka padila
tara madhye sloka tumi kaiche kanthe kaila
SYNONYMS
 
jhanjha-vata -- the strong wind of a storm; praya -- like; ami -- I; 
sloka -- verses; padila -- recited; tara -- of them; madhye -- in the 
midst; sloka -- one verse; tumi -- You; kaiche -- how; kanthe -- within 
the heart; kaila -- have taken.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"I recited all the verses like the blowing wind. How could You 
completely learn by heart even one among those verses?"
 
Adi 16.44
 
TEXT 44
 
TEXT
 
prabhu kahe, devera vare tumi -- ‘kavi-vara'
aiche devera vare keho haya ‘srutidhara'
SYNONYMS
 
prabhu -- the Lord; kahe -- replied; devera -- of a superior power; vare 
-- by benediction; tumi -- you; kavi-vara -- the most elevated poet; 
aiche -- similarly; devera -- of the Lord; vare -- by the benediction; 
keho -- someone; haya -- becomes; sruti-dhara -- one who can immediately 
remember.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The Lord replied, "By the grace of the Lord someone may become a great 
poet, and similarly by His grace someone else may become a great sruti-
dhara who can memorize anything immediately."
 
PURPORT
 
In this connection, sruti-dhara is a very important word. Sruti means "
hearing," and dhara means "one who can capture." Formerly, before the 
beginning of Kali-yuga, almost everyone, especially among the 
intelligent men, the brahmanas, was a sruti-dhara. As soon as a student 
heard any of the Vedic wisdom from his master, he would remember it 
forever. There was no need to refer to books, and therefore there were 
no written books in those days. The spiritual master delivered the Vedic 
hymns and their explanations to the student, who would then remember 
them forever, without consulting books.
 
To become a sruti-dhara, one who can remember simply by hearing, is a 
great achievement for a student. In the Bhagavad-gita (10.41) the Lord 
says:
 
yad yad vibhutimat sattvam srimad urjitam eva va
tat tad evavagaccha tvam mama tejo-'msa-sambhavam
 
"Know that all opulent, beautiful and glorious creations spring from but 
a spark of My splendor."
 
As soon as we find anything extraordinary, we should understand that 
such an extraordinary manifestation is the special grace of the Supreme 
Personality of Godhead. Therefore Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu replied to 
the champion, Kesava Kasmiri, that just as he was greatly proud of being 
a favorite devotee of mother Sarasvati, so someone else, like Caitanya 
Mahaprabhu Himself, being favored by the Supreme Personality of Godhead, 
could become a sruti-dhara and thus memorize anything immediately simply 
by hearing it.
 
Adi 16.45
 
TEXT 45
 
TEXT
 
slokera artha kaila vipra paiya santosa
prabhu kahe -- kaha slokera kiba guna-dosa
SYNONYMS
 
slokera -- of the verse; artha -- explanation; kaila -- made; vipra -- 
the brahmana; paiya -- obtaining; santosa -- satisfaction; prabhu -- the 
Lord; kahe -- said; kaha -- kindly speak; slokera -- of the verse; kiba -
- what are; guna -- qualities; dosa -- faults.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Satisfied by the statement of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the brahmana [
Kesava Kasmiri] explained the quoted verse. Then the Lord said, "Now 
kindly explain the special qualities and faults in the verse."
 
PURPORT
 
Not only did Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu pick out this one among the one 
hundred verses and remember it although the brahmana had recited them 
like the blowing wind, but He also analyzed its qualities and faults. 
Not only did He hear the verse, but He immediately made a critical study 
of it.
 
Adi 16.46
 
TEXT 46
 
TEXT
 
vipra kahe sloke nahi dosera abhasa
upamalankara guna, kichu anuprasa
SYNONYMS
 
vipra kahe -- the brahmana replied; sloke -- in that verse; nahi -- 
there is not; dosera -- of fault; abhasa -- even a tinge; upama-alankara 
-- simile or metaphor; guna -- quality; kichu -- something; anuprasa -- 
alliteration.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The brahmana replied, "There is not a tinge of fault in that verse. 
Rather, it has the good qualities of similes and alliteration."
 
PURPORT
 
In the last line of the verse quoted by Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the 
letter bha is repeated many times, as in the words bhavani, bhartur, 
vibhavati and adbhuta. Such repetition is called anuprasa, or 
alliteration. The words laksmir iva and visnos carana-kamalotpatti are 
instances of upama-alankara, for they exhibit metaphorical beauty. The 
Ganges is water, and Laksmi is the goddess of fortune. Since water and a 
person are not actually similar, the comparison is metaphorical.
 
Adi 16.47
 
TEXT 47
 
TEXT
 
prabhu kahena, -- kahi, yadi na karaha rosa
kaha tomara ei sloke kiba ache dosa
SYNONYMS
 
prabhu kahena -- the Lord replied; kahi -- let Me say; yadi -- if; na -- 
do not; karaha -- you become; rosa -- angry; kaha -- please tell Me; 
tomara -- your; ei sloke -- in this verse; kiba -- what; ache -- there 
is; dosa -- fault.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The Lord said, "My dear sir, I may say something to you if you will not 
become angry. Can you explain the faults in this verse?
 
Adi 16.48
 
TEXT 48
 
TEXT
 
pratibhara kavya tomara devata santose
bhala-mate vicarile jani guna-dose
SYNONYMS
 
pratibhara -- of ingenuity; kavya -- poetry; tomara -- your; devata -- 
the Lord; santose -- satisfies; bhala-mate -- scrutinizingly; vicarile --
 on analyzing; jani -- I know; guna-dose -- there are faults and good 
qualities also.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"There is no doubt that your poetry is full of ingenuity, and certainly 
it has satisfied the Supreme Lord. Yet if we scrutinizingly consider it 
we can find both good qualities and faults."
 
Adi 16.49
 
TEXT 49
 
TEXT
 
tate bhala kari' sloka karaha vicara
kavi kahe, -- ye kahile sei veda-sara
SYNONYMS
 
tate -- therefore; bhala -- very carefully; kari' -- doing it; sloka -- 
the verse; karaha -- do; vicara -- judgment; kavi kahe -- the poet said; 
ye kahile -- what You have said; sei -- that is; veda-sara -- exactly 
right.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The Lord concluded, "Now, therefore, let us carefully scrutinize this 
verse."
 
The poet replied, "Yes, the verse You have recited is perfectly correct.
 
Adi 16.50
 
TEXT 50
 
TEXT
 
vyakaraniya tumi nahi pada alankara
tumi ki janibe ei kavitvera sara
SYNONYMS
 
vyakaraniya -- a student of grammar; tumi -- You are; nahi -- do not; 
pada -- study; alankara -- poetic ornaments; tumi -- You; ki -- what; 
janibe -- will know; ei -- this; kavitvera -- of poetic quality; sara -- 
review.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"You are an ordinary student of grammar. What do You know about literary 
embellishments? You cannot review this poetry because You do not know 
anything about it."
 
PURPORT
 
Kesava Kasmiri first wanted to bluff Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu by saying 
that since He was not an advanced student in literary style, He could 
not review a verse full of metaphors and literary ornaments. This 
argument has some basis in fact. Unless one is a medical man he cannot 
criticize a medical man, and unless one is a lawyer he cannot criticize 
a lawyer. Therefore Kesava Kasmiri first depreciated the Lord's position.
 Because Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu was to the champion a student of 
grammar, how could He dare criticize a great poet like him? Lord 
Caitanya, therefore, criticized the poet in a different way. He said 
that although He was certainly not advanced in a literary career, He had 
heard from others how to criticize such poetry, and as a sruti-dhara, 
possessing a complete memory, He could understand the process for such a 
review.
 
Adi 16.51
 
TEXT 51
 
TEXT
 
prabhu kahena -- ataeva puchiye tomare
vicariya guna-dosa bujhaha amare
SYNONYMS
 
prabhu kahena -- the Lord said; ataeva -- therefore; puchiye -- I am 
asking; tomare -- you; vicariya -- completely reviewing; guna -- 
qualities; dosa -- faults; bujhaha -- teach; amare -- Me.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Taking a humble position, Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu said, "Because I am 
not on your level, I have asked you to teach Me by explaining the faults 
and good qualities in your poetry.
 
Adi 16.52
 
TEXT 52
 
TEXT
 
nahi padi alankara, kariyachi sravana
tate ei sloke dekhi bahu dosa-guna
SYNONYMS
 
nahi padi -- I do not study; alankara -- the art of literary 
embellishment; kariyachi -- I have done; sravana -- hearing; tate -- by 
that; ei sloke -- in this verse; dekhi -- I see; bahu -- many; dosa -- 
faults; guna -- good qualities.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Certainly I have not studied the art of literary embellishments. But I 
have heard about it from higher circles, and thus I can review this 
verse and find in it many faults and many good qualities."
 
PURPORT
 
The statement kariyachi sravana ("I have heard it") is very important in 
the sense that hearing is more important than directly studying or 
perceiving. If one is expert in hearing and hears from the right source, 
his knowledge is immediately perfect. This process is called srauta-
pantha, or the acquisition of knowledge by hearing from authorities. All 
Vedic knowledge is based on the principle that one must approach a bona 
fide spiritual master and hear from him the authoritative statements of 
the Vedas. It is not necessary for one to be a highly polished literary 
man to receive knowledge; to receive perfect knowledge from a perfect 
person, one must be expert in hearing. This is called the descending 
process of deductive knowledge, or avaroha-pantha.
 
Adi 16.53
 
TEXT 53
 
TEXT
 
kavi kahe, -- kaha dekhi, kon guna-dosa
prabhu kahena, -- kahi, suna, na kariha rosa
SYNONYMS
 
kavi kahe -- the poet said; kaha dekhi -- You say "I see"; kon -- what; 
guna -- good qualities; dosa -- faults; prabhu kahena -- the Lord 
replied; kahi -- let Me say; suna -- please hear; na -- do not; kariha --
 become; rosa -- angry.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The poet said, "All right, let me see what good qualities and faults You 
have found."
 
The Lord replied, "Let Me speak, and please hear Me without becoming 
angry.
 
Adi 16.54
 
TEXT 54
 
TEXT
 
panca dosa ei sloke panca alankara
krame ami kahi, suna, karaha vicara
SYNONYMS
 
panca -- five; dosa -- faults; ei sloke -- in this verse; panca -- five; 
alankara -- literary embellishments; krame -- one after another; ami -- 
I; kahi -- say; suna -- kindly hear; karaha -- give; vicara -- judgment.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"My dear sir, in this verse there are five faults and five literary 
ornaments. I shall state them one after another. Kindly hear Me and then 
give your judgment.
 
PURPORT
 
In the verse beginning with mahattvam gangayah there are five literary 
ornaments and five examples of faulty composition. There are two 
examples of the fault called avimrsta-vidheyamsa and one example each of 
the faults viruddha-mati, punar-ukti and bhagna-krama.
 
Vimrsta means "clean," and vidheyamsa means "predicate." It is a general 
rule of composition to establish a subject first and then give its 
predicate. For example, according to Sanskrit grammar if one says, "This 
man is learned," his composition is in order. But if one says, "Learned 
is this man," the composition is not in order. Such a flaw is called 
avimrsta-vidheyamsa-dosa, or the fault of unclean composition. The 
subject matter to be known of the verse is the glorification of the 
Ganges, and therefore the word idam ("this"), or what is known, should 
have been placed before instead of after the glorification. The subject 
matter already known should be placed before the unknown so that its 
meaning will not be misconstrued.
 
The second instance of avimrsta-vidheyamsa-dosa occurs in the words 
dvitiya-sri-laksmir iva. In this composition the word dvitiya ("second") 
is vidheya, or unknown. Placing the unknown first to make the compound 
word dvitiya-sri-laksmir is another fault. The words dvitiya-sri-laksmir 
iva were intended to compare the Ganges to the goddess of fortune, but 
because of this fault the meaning of the compound word was bewildering.
 
The third fault is that of viruddha-mati, or contradictory conception, 
in the words bhavani-bhartuh. The word bhavani refers to the wife of 
Bhava, Lord Siva. But since Bhavani is already known as the wife of Lord 
Siva, to add the word bharta, "husband," thus forming a compound meaning 
"the husband of the wife of Lord Siva," is contradictory, for thus it 
appears as if the wife of Lord Siva had another husband.
 
The fourth fault is punar-ukti, or redundancy, which occurs when the 
verb vibhavati ("flourishes"), which should have ended the composition, 
is further qualified by the unnecessary adjective adbhuta-guna ("endowed 
with wonderful qualities"). The fifth fault is bhagna-krama, which means 
"broken order." In the first, third and fourth lines there is anuprasa, 
or alliteration, created by the sounds ta, ra and bha, but in the second 
line there is no such anuprasa, and therefore the order is broken.
 
Adi 16.55
 
TEXT 55
 
TEXT
 
‘avimrsta-vidheyamsa' -- dui thani cihna
‘viruddha-mati', ‘bhagna-krama', ‘punar-atta', -- dosa tina
SYNONYMS
 
avimrsta-vidheyamsa -- unclean composition; dui thani -- in two places; 
cihna -- symptoms; viruddha-mati -- a contradictory conception; bhagna-
krama -- broken order; punar-atta -- redundancy (also called punar-ukti);
 dosa -- faults; tina -- three.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"In this verse the fault of avimrsta-vidheyamsa occurs twice, and the 
faults of viruddha-mati, bhagna-krama and punar-atta occur once each.
 
Adi 16.56
 
TEXT 56
 
TEXT
 
‘gangara mahattva' -- sloke mula ‘vidheya'
idam sabde ‘anuvada' -- pache avidheya
SYNONYMS
 
gangara mahattva -- glorification of mother Ganges; sloke -- in the 
verse; mula -- chief; vidheya -- unknown; idam sabde -- by the word idam 
("this"); anuvada -- the known; pache -- at the end; avidheya -- 
improper.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"The glorification of the Ganges [mahattvam gangayah] is the principal 
unknown subject matter in this verse, and the known subject matter is 
indicated by the word ‘idam,' which has been placed after the unknown.
 
Adi 16.57
 
TEXT 57
 
TEXT
 
‘vidheya' age kahi' pache kahile ‘anuvada'
ei lagi' slokera artha kariyache badha
SYNONYMS
 
vidheya -- what is unknown; age -- first; kahi' -- after speaking; pache 
-- at the end; kahile -- if one speaks; anuvada -- known things; ei lagi'
 -- for this reason; slokera -- of the verse; artha -- meaning; 
kariyache -- has been made; badha -- objectionable.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Because you have placed the known subject at the end and that which is 
unknown at the beginning, the composition is faulty, and the meaning of 
the words has become doubtful.
 
Adi 16.58
 
TEXT 58
 
TEXT
 
anuvadam anuktvaiva
na vidheyam udirayet
na hy alabdhaspadam kincit
kutracit pratitisthati
SYNONYMS
 
anuvadam -- things already known; anuktva -- without mentioning; eva -- 
certainly; na -- not; vidheyam -- unknown subject matters; udirayet -- 
one should mention; na -- not; hi -- certainly; alabdha-aspadam -- 
without having achieved a proper place; kincit -- something; kutracit -- 
anywhere; pratitisthati -- has a position.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"‘Without first mentioning what is known, one should not introduce the 
unknown, for that which has no solid basis can never be established 
anywhere.'
 
PURPORT
 
This is a verse from the Ekadasi-tattva.
 
Adi 16.59
 
TEXT 59
 
TEXT
 
‘dvitiya sri-laksmi' -- ihan ‘dvitiyatva' vidheya
samase gauna haila, sabdartha gela ksaya
SYNONYMS
 
dvitiya sri-laksmi -- the word dvitiya-sri-laksmi ("a second all-opulent 
goddess of fortune"); ihan -- this; dvitiyatva -- the quality of being a 
second; vidheya -- the unknown, which is to be explained; samase -- in 
the compound word; gauna -- secondary; haila -- became; sabda -- artha --
 the word's intended meaning; gela -- became; ksaya -- lost.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"In the word ‘dvitiya-sri-laksmi' [‘a second all-opulent goddess of 
fortune'], the quality of being a second Laksmi is the unknown. In 
making this compound word, the meaning became secondary and the 
originally intended meaning was lost.
 
Adi 16.60
 
TEXT 60
 
TEXT
 
‘dvitiya' sabda -- vidheya taha padila samase
‘laksmira samata' artha karila vinase
SYNONYMS
 
dvitiya sabda -- the word dvitiya ("second"); vidheya -- the unknown; 
taha -- that; padila -- joined; samase -- in the compound word; laksmira 
-- with Laksmi; samata -- equality; artha -- meaning; karila -- became; 
vinase -- lost.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Because the word ‘dvitiya' [‘second'] is the unknown, in its 
combination in this compound word the intended meaning of equality with 
Laksmi is lost.
 
Adi 16.61
 
TEXT 61
 
TEXT
 
‘avimrsta-vidheyamsa' -- ei dosera nama
ara eka dosa ache, suna savadhana
SYNONYMS
 
avimrsta-vidheyamsa -- avimrsta-vidheyamsa; ei -- this; dosera -- of the 
fault; nama -- the name; ara -- another; eka -- one; dosa -- fault; ache 
-- there is; suna -- hear; savadhana -- carefully.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Not only is there the fault avimrsta-vidheyamsa, but there is also 
another fault, which I shall point out to you. Kindly hear Me with great 
attention.
 
Adi 16.62
 
TEXT 62
 
TEXT
 
‘bhavani-bhartr'-sabda dile paiya santosa
‘viruddha-mati-krt' nama ei maha dosa
SYNONYMS
 
bhavani-bhartr sabda -- the word bhavani-bhartr ("the husband of Bhavani"
); dile -- you have placed; paiya -- getting; santosa -- very much 
satisfaction; viruddha-mati-krt -- a statement of opposing elements; 
nama -- named; ei -- this; maha -- great; dosa -- fault.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Here is another great fault. You have arranged the word ‘bhavani-bhartr'
 to your great satisfaction, but this betrays the fault of contradiction.
 
Adi 16.63
 
TEXT 63
 
TEXT
 
bhavani-sabde kahe mahadevera grhini
tanra bharta kahile dvitiya bharta jani
SYNONYMS
 
bhavani sabde -- by the word bhavani; kahe -- is mentioned; mahadevera --
 of Lord Siva; grhini -- the wife; tanra -- her; bharta -- husband; 
kahile -- if we say; dvitiya -- second; bharta -- husband; jani -- we 
understand.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"The word ‘bhavani' means ‘the wife of Lord Siva.' But when we mention 
her husband, one might conclude that she has another husband.
 
Adi 16.64
 
TEXT 64
 
TEXT
 
‘siva-patnira bharta' iha sunite viruddha
‘viruddha-mati-krt' sabda sastre nahe suddha
SYNONYMS
 
siva-patnira -- of the wife of Lord Siva; bharta -- husband; iha -- this;
 sunite -- to hear; viruddha -- contradiction; viruddha-mati-krt -- that 
which creates a contradiction; sabda -- such a word; sastre -- in the 
scriptures; nahe -- is not; suddha -- pure.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"It is contradictory to hear that Lord Siva's wife has another husband. 
The use of such words in literature creates the fault called viruddha-
mati-krt.
 
Adi 16.65
 
TEXT 65
 
TEXT
 
‘brahmana-patnira bhartara haste deha dana'
sabda sunitei haya dvitiya-bharta jnana
SYNONYMS
 
brahmana-patnira -- of the wife of a brahmana; bhartara -- of the 
husband; haste -- in the hand; deha -- give; dana -- charity; sabda -- 
these words; sunitei -- hearing; haya -- there is; dvitiya-bharta -- 
another husband; jnana -- knowledge.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"If someone says, ‘Place this charity in the hand of the husband of the 
wife of the brahmana,' when we hear these contradictory words we 
immediately understand that the brahmana's wife has another husband.
 
Adi 16.66
 
TEXT 66
 
TEXT
 
‘vibhavati' kriyaya vakya -- sanga, punah visesana
‘adbhuta-guna' -- ei punar-atta dusana
SYNONYMS
 
vibhavati kriyaya -- by the verb vibhavati ("flourishes"); vakya -- 
statement; sanga -- complete; punah -- again; visesana adbhuta-guna -- 
the adjective adbhuta-guna ("wonderful qualities"); ei -- this; punar-
atta -- repetition of the same word; dusana -- fault.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"The statement by the word ‘vibhavati' [‘flourishes'] is complete. 
Qualifying it with the adjective ‘adbhuta-guna' [‘wonderful qualities'] 
creates the fault of redundancy.
 
Adi 16.67
 
TEXT 67
 
TEXT
 
tina pade anuprasa dekhi anupama
eka pade nahi, ei dosa ‘bhagna-krama'
SYNONYMS
 
tina pade -- in three lines; anuprasa -- alliteration; dekhi -- I see; 
anupama -- extraordinary; eka pade -- in one line; nahi -- there is not (
alliteration); ei dosa -- this fault; bhagna-krama -- deviation.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"There is extraordinary alliteration in three lines of the verse, but in 
one line there is no such alliteration. This is the fault of deviation.
 
Adi 16.68
 
TEXT 68
 
TEXT
 
yadyapi ei sloke ache panca alankara
ei panca-dose sloka kaila charakhara
SYNONYMS
 
yadyapi -- although; ei sloke -- in this verse; ache -- there are; panca 
-- five; alankara -- literary embellishments; ei panca -- dose -- by the 
above-mentioned five faults; sloka -- the verse; kaila -- has been made; 
charakhara -- spoiled.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Although there are five literary ornaments decorating this verse, the 
entire verse has been spoiled by these five most faulty presentations.
 
Adi 16.69
 
TEXT 69
 
TEXT
 
dasa alankare yadi eka sloka haya
eka dose saba alankara haya ksaya
SYNONYMS
 
dasa alankare -- with ten instances of literary ornamentation; yadi -- 
if; eka -- one; sloka -- verse; haya -- there is; eka dose -- by one 
fault; saba -- all; alankara -- ornaments; haya ksaya -- become null and 
void.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"If there are ten literary ornaments in a verse but even one faulty 
expression, the entire verse is nullified.
 
Adi 16.70
 
TEXT 70
 
TEXT
 
sundara sarira yaiche bhusane bhusita
eka sveta-kusthe yaiche karaye vigita
SYNONYMS
 
sundara -- beautiful; sarira -- body; yaiche -- as; bhusane -- with 
ornaments; bhusita -- decorated; eka -- one; sveta-kusthe -- with a 
white spot of leprosy; yaiche -- as; karaye -- is made; vigita -- 
abominable.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"One's beautiful body may be decorated with jewels, but one spot of 
white leprosy makes the entire body abominable.
 
PURPORT
 
The great sage Bharata Muni, an authority on poetic metaphor, has given 
his opinion in this connection as follows.
 
Adi 16.71
 
TEXT 71
 
TEXT
 
rasalankara-vat kavyam
dosa-yuk ced vibhusitam
syad vapuh sundaram api
svitrenaikena durbhagam
SYNONYMS
 
rasa -- with humors; alankara-vat -- with ornaments (metaphors, similes, 
etc.); kavyam -- poetry; dosa-yuk -- faulty; cet -- if; vibhusitam -- 
very nicely decorated; syat -- it becomes so; vapuh -- the body; 
sundaram -- beautiful; api -- even though; svitrena -- by a white spot 
of leprosy; ekena -- one; durbhagam -- unfortunate.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"‘As one's body, although well-decorated with ornaments, is made 
unfortunate by even one spot of white leprosy, so an entire poem is made 
useless by a fault, despite alliteration, similes and metaphors.'
 
Adi 16.72
 
TEXT 72
 
TEXT
 
panca alankarera ebe sunaha vicara
dui sabdalankara, tina artha-alankara
SYNONYMS
 
panca -- five; alankarera -- of the literary embellishments; ebe -- now; 
sunaha -- just hear; vicara -- description; dui -- two; sabda-alankara --
 ornaments of sound or ornaments of words; tina -- three; artha-alankara 
-- ornaments of meaning.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Now hear the description of the five literary embellishments. There are 
two ornaments of sound and three ornaments of meaning.
 
Adi 16.73
 
TEXT 73
 
TEXT
 
sabdalankara -- tina-pade ache anuprasa
‘sri-laksmi' sabde ‘punar-uktavad-abhasa'
SYNONYMS
 
sabda-alankara -- ornamentation of sound; tina-pade -- in three lines; 
ache -- there is; anuprasa -- alliteration; sri-laksmi -- sabde -- in 
the words sri-laksmi; punar-ukta-vat -- of repetition of the same word; 
abhasa -- there is a tinge.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"There is a sound ornament of alliteration in three lines. And in the 
combination of the words ‘sri' and ‘laksmi' there is the ornament of a 
tinge of redundancy.
 
Adi 16.74
 
TEXT 74
 
TEXT
 
prathama-carane panca ‘ta'-karera panti
trtiya-carane haya panca ‘repha'-sthiti
SYNONYMS
 
prathama-carane -- in the first line; panca -- five; ta-karera -- of the 
letter ta; panti -- very nice composition; trtiya-carane -- in the third 
line; haya -- there is; panca -- five; repha -- of the letter ra; sthiti 
-- composition.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"In the arrangement of the first line the letter ‘ta' occurs five times, 
and the arrangement of the third line repeats the letter ‘ra' five times.
 
Adi 16.75
 
TEXT 75
 
TEXT
 
caturtha-carane cari ‘bha'-kara-prakasa
ataeva sabdalankara anuprasa
SYNONYMS
 
caturtha-carane -- in the fourth line; cari -- four; bha-kara -- of the 
letter bha; prakasa -- manifestations; ataeva -- therefore; sabda-
alankara -- ornamental use of different sounds; anuprasa -- alliteration.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"In the fourth line the letter ‘bha' occurs four times. This arrangement 
of alliteration is a pleasing ornamental use of sounds.
 
Adi 16.76
 
TEXT 76
 
TEXT
 
‘sri'-sabde, ‘laksmi'-sabde -- eka vastu ukta
punar-ukta-praya bhase, nahe punar-ukta
SYNONYMS
 
sri-sabde -- by the word sri; laksmi-sabde -- by the word laksmi; eka 
vastu -- one thing; ukta -- is indicated; punar-ukta-praya -- almost 
repetition; bhase -- appears; nahe -- but actually it is not; punar-ukta 
-- repetition.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Although the words ‘sri' and ‘laksmi' convey the same meaning and are 
therefore almost redundant, they are nevertheless not redundant.
 
Adi 16.77
 
TEXT 77
 
TEXT
 
‘sri-yukta laksmi' arthe arthera vibheda
punar-uktavad-abhasa, sabdalankara-bheda
SYNONYMS
 
sri-yukta laksmi -- Laksmi, possessed of opulence; arthe -- in the sense;
 arthera -- of the meaning; vibheda -- difference; punar -- ukta-vad-
abhasa -- tinge of punar-ukta-vat; sabda-alankara -- ornamental use of 
words; bheda -- different.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Describing Laksmi as possessed of sri [opulence] offers a difference in 
meaning with a tinge of repetition. This is the second ornamental use of 
words.
 
Adi 16.78
 
TEXT 78
 
TEXT
 
‘laksmir iva' arthalankara -- upama-prakasa
ara arthalankara ache, nama -- ‘virodhabhasa'
SYNONYMS
 
laksmir iva -- the words laksmir iva ("like Laksmi"); artha-alankara -- 
ornamental use of the meaning; upama -- analogy; prakasa -- 
manifestation; ara -- also; artha-alankara -- ornamental use of meaning; 
ache -- there is; nama -- which is named; virodha-abhasa -- possibility 
of contradiction.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"The use of the words ‘laksmir iva' [‘like Laksmi'] manifests the 
ornament of meaning called upama [analogy]. There is also the further 
ornament of meaning called virodhabhasa, or a contradictory indication.
 
Adi 16.79
 
TEXT 79
 
TEXT
 
‘gangate kamala janme' -- sabara subodha
‘kamale gangara janma' -- atyanta virodha
SYNONYMS
 
gangate -- in the river Ganges; kamala -- lotus flower; janme -- grows; 
sabara -- of everyone; subodha -- understanding; kamale -- in the lotus 
flower; gangara -- of the Ganges; janma -- birth; atyanta -- very much; 
virodha -- contradiction.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Everyone knows that lotus flowers grow in the water of the Ganges. But 
to say that the Ganges takes birth from a lotus flower seems extremely 
contradictory.
 
Adi 16.80
 
TEXT 80
 
TEXT
 
‘ihan visnu-pada-padme gangara utpatti'
virodhalankara iha maha-camatkrti
SYNONYMS
 
ihan -- in this connection; visnu-pada-padme -- in the lotus feet of 
Lord Visnu; gangara -- of mother Ganges; utpatti -- beginning; virodha --
 contradiction; alankara -- literary decoration; iha -- it; maha -- very 
great; camatkrti -- wonder.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"The existence of mother Ganges begins from the lotus feet of the Lord. 
Although this statement that water comes from a lotus flower is a 
contradiction, in connection with Lord Visnu it is a great wonder.
 
Adi 16.81
 
TEXT 81
 
TEXT
 
isvara-acintya-saktye gangara prakasa
ihate virodha nahi, virodha-abhasa
SYNONYMS
 
isvara-acintya-saktye -- by the inconceivable potency of the Supreme 
Lord; gangara -- of the Ganges; prakasa -- emanation; ihate -- in this; 
virodha nahi -- there is no contradiction; virodha-abhasa -- appears to 
be a contradiction.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"In this birth of the Ganges by the inconceivable potency of the Lord, 
there is no contradiction although it appears contradictory.
 
PURPORT
 
The central point of all Vaisnava philosophy is to accept the 
inconceivable potency of Lord Visnu. What sometimes appears 
contradictory from a material viewpoint is understandable in connection 
with the Supreme Personality of Godhead because He can perform 
contradictory activities by dint of His inconceivable potencies. Modern 
scientists are puzzled. They cannot even explain how such a large 
quantity of chemicals has formed the atmosphere. Scientists explain that 
water is a combination of hydrogen and oxygen, but when asked where such 
a large quantity of hydrogen and oxygen came from and how they combined 
to manufacture the great oceans and seas, they cannot answer because 
they are atheists who will not accept that everything comes from life. 
Their thesis is that life comes from matter.
 
Where do all these chemicals come from? The answer is that they are 
produced by the inconceivable energy of the Supreme Personality of 
Godhead. Living entities are part of the Supreme Godhead, and from their 
bodies come many chemicals. For example, the lemon tree is a living 
entity that produces many lemons, and within each lemon is a great deal 
of citric acid. Therefore, if even an insignificant living entity who is 
but a part of the Supreme Lord can produce so much of a chemical, how 
much potency there must be in the body of the Supreme Personality of 
Godhead.
 
Scientists cannot perfectly explain where the chemicals of the world are 
manufactured, but one can explain this perfectly by accepting the 
inconceivable energy of the Supreme Lord. There is no reason for denying 
this argument. Since there are potencies in the living entities who are 
samples of the Personality of Godhead, how much potency there must be in 
the Supreme Godhead Himself. As described in the Vedas, nityo nityanam 
cetanas cetananam: "He is the chief eternal of all eternals and the 
chief living entity among all living entities." (Katha Upanisad, 2.2.13)
 
Unfortunately, atheistic science will not accept that matter comes from 
life. Scientists insist upon their most illogical and foolish theory 
that life comes from matter, although this is quite impossible. They 
cannot prove in their laboratories that matter can produce life, yet 
there are thousands and thousands of examples illustrating that matter 
comes from life. Therefore in Sri Caitanya-caritamrta Krsnadasa Kaviraja 
Gosvami says that as soon as one accepts the inconceivable potency of 
the Supreme Personality of Godhead, no great philosopher or scientist 
can put forward any thesis to contradict the Lord's power. This is 
expressed in the following Sanskrit verse.
 
Adi 16.82
 
TEXT 82
 
TEXT
 
ambujam ambuni jatam
kvacid  api na jatam ambujad ambu
mura-bhidi tad-viparitam
padambhojan maha-nadi jata
SYNONYMS
 
ambujam -- lotus flower; ambuni -- in the water; jatam -- is grown; 
kvacit -- at any time; api -- certainly; na -- not; jatam -- grown; 
ambujat -- from a lotus flower; ambu -- water; mura-bhidi -- in Krsna, 
the killer of Murasura; tat-viparitam -- just the opposite of that; pada-
ambhojat -- from the lotus flower of His feet; maha-nadi -- the great 
river; jata -- has grown.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"‘Everyone knows that lotus flowers grow in the water but water never 
grows from a lotus. All such contradictions, however, are wonderfully 
possible in Krsna: the great river Ganges has grown from His lotus feet.'
 
Adi 16.83
 
TEXT 83
 
TEXT
 
gangara mahattva -- sadhya, sadhana tahara
visnu-padotpatti -- ‘anumana' alankara
SYNONYMS
 
gangara -- of the Ganges; mahattva -- opulences; sadhya -- subject 
matter; sadhana -- means; tahara -- of that; visnu-pada-utpatti -- her 
origin from the lotus feet of the Lord; anumana -- called anumana (
hypothesis); alankara -- an ornament.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"The real glory of mother Ganges is that she has grown from the lotus 
feet of Lord Visnu. Such a hypothesis is another ornament, called 
anumana.
 
Adi 16.84
 
TEXT 84
 
TEXT
 
sthula ei panca dosa, panca alankara
suksma vicariye yadi achaye apara
SYNONYMS
 
sthula -- gross; ei -- these; panca -- five; dosa -- faults; panca -- 
five; alankara -- literary ornaments; suksma -- in detail; vicariye -- 
we consider; yadi -- if; achaye -- there are; apara -- unlimited.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"I have simply discussed the five gross faults and five literary 
embellishments of this verse, but if we consider it in fine detail we 
will find unlimited faults.
 
Adi 16.85
 
TEXT 85
 
TEXT
 
pratibha, kavitva tomara devata-prasade
avicara kavye avasya pade dosa-badhe
SYNONYMS
 
pratibha -- ingenuity; kavitva -- poetic imagination; tomara -- your; 
devata -- of a demigod; prasade -- by the grace; avicara -- without good 
judgment; kavye -- in the poetry; avasya -- certainly; pade -- there is; 
dosa -- fault; badhe -- obstruction.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"You have achieved poetic imagination and ingenuity by the grace of your 
worshipable demigod. But poetry not well reviewed is certainly subject 
to criticism.
 
Adi 16.86
 
TEXT 86
 
TEXT
 
vicari' kavitva kaile haya sunirmala
salankara haile artha kare jhalamala
SYNONYMS
 
vicari' -- with proper consideration; kavitva -- poetic explanation; 
kaile -- if done; haya -- it becomes; sunirmala -- very pure; sa-
alankara -- with metaphorical use of words; haile -- if it is; artha -- 
meaning; kare -- does; jhalamala -- dazzle.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Poetic skill used with due consideration is very pure, and with 
metaphors and analogies it is dazzling."
 
Adi 16.87
 
TEXT 87
 
TEXT
 
suniya prabhura vyakhya digvijayi vismita
mukhe na nihsare vakya, pratibha stambhita
SYNONYMS
 
suniya -- hearing; prabhura -- of the Lord; vyakhya -- explanation; dig-
vijayi -- the champion; vismita -- struck with wonder; mukhe -- in the 
mouth; na -- did not; nihsare -- come out; vakya -- words; pratibha -- 
ingenuity; stambhita -- choked up.
 
TRANSLATION
 
After hearing the explanation of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the champion 
poet was struck with wonder. His cleverness stunned, he could not say 
anything.
 
Adi 16.88
 
TEXT 88
 
TEXT
 
kahite cahaye kichu, na aise uttara
tabe vicaraye mane ha-iya phanphara
SYNONYMS
 
kahite -- to speak; cahaye -- wants; kichu -- something; na -- not; aise 
-- comes; uttara -- any reply; tabe -- thereafter; vicaraye -- considers;
 mane -- within the mind; ha-iya -- becoming; phanphara -- puzzled.
 
TRANSLATION
 
He wanted to say something, but no reply would come from his mouth. He 
then began to consider this puzzle within his mind.
 
Adi 16.89
 
TEXT 89
 
TEXT
 
paduya balaka kaila mora buddhi lopa
jani -- sarasvati more kariyachena kopa
SYNONYMS
 
paduya -- student; balaka -- a boy; kaila -- made; mora -- my; buddhi -- 
intelligence; lopa -- lost; jani -- I can understand; sarasvati -- 
mother Sarasvati; more -- with me; kariyachena -- must have been; kopa --
 angry.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"This mere boy has blocked my intelligence. I can therefore understand 
that mother Sarasvati has become angry with me.
 
PURPORT
 
In the Bhagavad-gita it is clearly said that all intelligence comes from 
the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is situated in everyone's heart 
as the Paramatma. The Paramatma gave the pandita the intelligence to 
understand that because he was proud of his learning and wanted to 
defeat even the Supreme Lord, by the will of the Lord and through the 
agency of mother Sarasvati he had been defeated. One should not, 
therefore, be too proud of one's position. Even if one is a greatly 
learned scholar, if he commits an offense to the lotus feet of the Lord 
he will not be able to speak properly, in spite of his learning. In 
every respect, we are controlled. Our only duty, therefore, is to 
surrender always to the lotus feet of the Lord and not be falsely proud. 
Mother Sarasvati created this situation to favor the champion pandita so 
that he might surrender unto Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
 
Adi 16.90
 
TEXT 90
 
TEXT
 
ye vyakhya karila, se manusyera nahe sakti
nimani-mukhe rahi' bale apane sarasvati
SYNONYMS
 
ye vyakhya -- which explanation; karila -- He has made; se -- that; 
manusyera -- of any human being; nahe -- there is not; sakti -- power; 
nimani-mukhe -- in the mouth of this boy Nimai; rahi' -- remaining; bale 
-- speaks; apane -- personally; sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"The wonderful explanation the boy has given could not have been 
possible for a human being. Therefore mother Sarasvati must have spoken 
personally through His mouth."
 
Adi 16.91
 
TEXT 91
 
TEXT
 
eta bhavi' kahe -- suna, nimani pandita
tava vyakhya suni' ami ha-ilan vismita
SYNONYMS
 
eta bhavi -- thinking like this; kahe -- the pandita says; suna -- hear; 
nimani pandita -- O Nimai Pandita; tava -- Your; vyakhya -- explanations;
 suni' -- hearing; ami -- I; ha-ilan -- have become; vismita -- struck 
with wonder.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Thinking thus, the pandita said, "My dear Nimai Pandita, please hear me. 
Hearing Your explanation, I am simply struck with wonder.
 
Adi 16.92
 
TEXT 92
 
TEXT
 
alankara nahi pada, nahi sastrabhyasa
kemane e saba artha karile prakasa
SYNONYMS
 
alankara -- the literary use of words; nahi pada -- You never read; nahi 
-- nor is there; sastra-abhyasa -- long practice in the discussion of 
the sastras; kemane -- by which method; e saba -- all these; artha -- 
explanations; karile -- You have made; prakasa -- manifestation.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"I am surprised. You are not a literary student and do not have long 
experience in studying the sastras. How have You been able to explain 
all these critical points?"
 
Adi 16.93
 
TEXT 93
 
TEXT
 
iha suni' mahaprabhu ati bada rangi
tanhara hrdaya jani' kahe kari' bhangi
SYNONYMS
 
iha suni' -- hearing this; mahaprabhu -- Caitanya Mahaprabhu; ati -- 
very; bada -- much; rangi -- funny; tanhara -- his; hrdaya -- heart; 
jani' -- understanding; kahe -- says; kari' -- doing; bhangi -- 
indication.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Hearing this and understanding the pandita's heart, Sri Caitanya 
Mahaprabhu replied in a humorous way.
 
Adi 16.94
 
TEXT 94
 
TEXT
 
sastrera vicara bhala-manda nahi jani
sarasvati ye balaya, sei bali vani
SYNONYMS
 
sastrera vicara -- discussion of sastra; bhala-manda -- good or bad; 
nahi jani -- do not know; sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati; ye balaya -- 
whatever she speaks; sei -- those; bali -- I say; vani -- words.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"My dear sir, I do not know what is good composition and what is bad. 
But whatever I have spoken must be understood to have been spoken by 
mother Sarasvati."
 
Adi 16.95
 
TEXT 95
 
TEXT
 
iha suni' digvijayi karila niscaya
sisu-dvare devi more kaila parajaya
SYNONYMS
 
iha suni' -- hearing this; dig-vijayi -- the champion; karila -- 
admitted; niscaya -- decision; sisu-dvare -- through this boy; devi -- 
mother Sarasvati; more -- unto me; kaila -- has done; parajaya -- defeat.
 
TRANSLATION
 
When he heard this judgment from Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the pandita 
sorrowfully wondered why mother Sarasvati wanted to defeat him through a 
small boy.
 
Adi 16.96
 
TEXT 96
 
TEXT
 
aji tanre nivediba, kari' japa-dhyana
sisu-dvare kaila more eta apamana
SYNONYMS
 
aji -- today; tanre -- unto her; nivediba -- I shall offer my prayers; 
kari' -- performing; japa -- chanting; dhyana -- meditation; sisu-dvare -
- through a boy; kaila -- has done; more -- unto me; eta -- so much; 
apamana -- insult.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"I shall offer prayers and meditation to the goddess of learning," the 
champion concluded, "and ask her why she has insulted me so greatly 
through this boy."
 
Adi 16.97
 
TEXT 97
 
TEXT
 
vastutah sarasvati asuddha sloka karaila
vicara-samaya tanra buddhi acchadila
SYNONYMS
 
vastutah -- in fact; sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati; asuddha -- impure; 
sloka -- verse; karaila -- caused him to compose; vicara-samaya -- at 
the time of reviewing; tanra -- his; buddhi -- intelligence; acchadila --
 covered.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Sarasvati had in fact induced the champion to compose his verse in an 
impure way. Furthermore, when it was discussed she covered his 
intelligence, and thus the Lord's intelligence was triumphant.
 
Adi 16.98
 
TEXT 98
 
TEXT
 
tabe sisya-gana saba hasite lagila
ta'-saba nisedhi' prabhu kavire kahila
SYNONYMS
 
tabe -- at that time; sisya-gana -- the disciples; saba -- all; hasite --
 to laugh; lagila -- began; ta'-saba -- all of them; nisedhi' -- 
forbidding; prabhu -- the Lord; kavire -- unto the poet; kahila -- 
addressed.
 
TRANSLATION
 
When the poetic champion was thus defeated, all the Lord's disciples 
sitting there began to laugh loudly. But Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu asked 
them not to do so, and He addressed the poet as follows.
 
Adi 16.99
 
TEXT 99
 
TEXT
 
tumi bada pandita, mahakavi-siromani
yanra mukhe bahiraya aiche kavya-vani
SYNONYMS
 
tumi -- you; bada pandita -- greatly learned scholar; maha-kavi -- of 
all great poets; siromani -- the topmost; yanra -- of whom; mukhe -- in 
the mouth; bahiraya -- emanates; aiche -- such; kavya-vani -- poetic 
language.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"You are the most learned scholar and the topmost of all great poets, 
for otherwise how could such fine poetry come from your mouth?
 
Adi 16.100
 
TEXT 100
 
TEXT
 
tomara kavitva yena ganga-jala-dhara
toma-sama kavi kotha nahi dekhi ara
SYNONYMS
 
tomara -- your; kavitva -- poetic ingenuity; yena -- like; ganga-jala-
dhara -- the flowing of the waters of the Ganges; toma-sama -- like you; 
kavi -- poet; kotha -- anywhere; nahi -- not; dekhi -- I see; ara -- 
anyone else.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Your poetic skill is like the constant flow of the waters of the Ganges.
 I find no one in the world who can compete with you.
 
Adi 16.101
 
TEXT 101
 
TEXT
 
bhavabhuti, jayadeva, ara kalidasa
tan-sabara kavitve ache dosera prakasa
SYNONYMS
 
bhavabhuti -- Bhavabhuti; jayadeva -- Jayadeva; ara -- and; kalidasa -- 
Kalidasa; tan-sabara -- of all of them; kavitve -- in the poetic power; 
ache -- there is; dosera -- of faults; prakasa -- manifestation.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Even in the poetic compositions of such great poets as Bhavabhuti, 
Jayadeva and Kalidasa there are many examples of faults.
 
Adi 16.102
 
TEXT 102
 
TEXT
 
dosa-guna-vicara -- ei alpa kari' mani
kavitva-karane sakti, tanha se vakhani
SYNONYMS
 
dosa-guna-vicara -- therefore to criticize one's poetry as good or bad; 
ei -- this; alpa -- negligible; kari' -- making; mani -- I consider; 
kavitva -- poetic ingenuity; karane -- in performing; sakti -- power; 
tanha -- that; se -- we; vakhani -- describe.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Such mistakes should be considered negligible. One should see only how 
such poets have displayed their poetic power.
 
PURPORT
 
In Srimad-Bhagavatam (1.5.11) it is said:
 
tad-vag-visargo janatagha-viplavo
yasmin prati-slokam abaddhavaty api
namany anantasya yaso 'nkitani yat
srnvanti gayanti grnanti sadhavah
 
"In explaining the glories of the Lord, inexperienced men may compose 
poetry with many faults, but because it contains glorification of the 
Lord, great personalities read it, hear it and chant it." Despite its 
minute literary discrepancies, one must study poetry on the merit of its 
subject matter. According to Vaisnava philosophy, any literature that 
glorifies the Lord, whether properly written or not, is first class. 
There need be no other considerations. The poetic compositions of 
Bhavabhuti, or Srikantha, include Malati-madhava, Uttara-carita, Vira-
carita and many similar Sanskrit dramas. This great poet was born during 
the time of Bhojaraja as the son of Nilakantha, a brahmana. Kalidasa 
flourished during the time of Maharaja Vikramaditya, and he became the 
state poet. He composed some thirty or forty Sanskrit dramas, including 
Kumara-sambhava, Abhijnana-sakuntala and Megha-duta. His drama Raghu-
vamsa is especially famous. We have already described Jayadeva in 
Chapter Thirteen of the Adi-lila.
 
Adi 16.103
 
TEXT 103
 
TEXT
 
saisava-capalya kichu na labe amara
sisyera samana muni na han tomara
SYNONYMS
 
saisava -- childish; capalya -- impudence; kichu -- anything; na -- do 
not; labe -- please take; amara -- My; sisyera -- of disciples; samana --
 the equal; muni -- I; na -- not; han -- am; tomara -- your.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"I am not even fit to be your disciple. Therefore kindly do not take 
seriously whatever childish impudence I have shown.
 
Adi 16.104
 
TEXT 104
 
TEXT
 
aji vasa' yaha, kali miliba abara
suniba tomara mukhe sastrera vicara
SYNONYMS
 
aji -- today; vasa' -- resting place; yaha -- go back; kali -- tomorrow; 
miliba -- we will meet; abara -- again; suniba -- I shall hear; tomara 
mukhe -- from your mouth; sastrera -- on the sastras; vicara -- 
discussion.
 
TRANSLATION
 
"Please go back home, and tomorrow we may meet again so that I may hear 
discourses on the sastras from your mouth."
 
Adi 16.105
 
TEXT 105
 
TEXT
 
ei-mate nija ghare gela dui jana
kavi ratre kaila sarasvati-aradhana
SYNONYMS
 
ei-mate -- in this way; nija ghare -- to their respective homes; gela -- 
went back; dui jana -- both of them; kavi -- poet; ratre -- at night; 
kaila -- performed; sarasvati -- of mother Sarasvati; aradhana -- 
worship.
 
TRANSLATION
 
In this way both the poet and Caitanya Mahaprabhu went back to their 
homes, and at night the poet worshiped mother Sarasvati.
 
Adi 16.106
 
TEXT 106
 
TEXT
 
sarasvati svapne tanre upadesa kaila
saksat isvara kari' prabhuke janila
SYNONYMS
 
sarasvati -- mother Sarasvati; svapne -- in a dream; tanre -- unto him; 
upadesa -- advice; kaila -- gave; saksat -- directly; isvara -- the 
Supreme Person; kari'-accepting; prabhuke -- the Lord; janila -- he 
understood.
 
TRANSLATION
 
In a dream the goddess informed him of the Lord's position, and the 
poetic champion could understand that Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu is the 
Supreme Personality of Godhead Himself.
 
Adi 16.107
 
TEXT 107
 
TEXT
 
prate asi' prabhu-pade la-ila sarana
prabhu krpa kaila, tanra khandila bandhana
SYNONYMS
 
prate -- in the morning; asi' -- coming back; prabhu-pade -- at the 
lotus feet of the Lord; la-ila -- took; sarana -- shelter; prabhu -- the 
Lord; krpa -- mercy; kaila -- showed; tanra -- his; khandila -- cut off; 
bandhana -- all bondage.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The next morning the poet came to Lord Caitanya and surrendered unto His 
lotus feet. The Lord bestowed His mercy upon him and cut off all his 
bondage to material attachment.
 
PURPORT
 
The same process advocated by Lord Sri Krsna in His teachings of the 
Bhagavad-gita as it is -- "Surrender unto Me in all instances" -- was 
advocated by Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu. The champion surrendered unto the 
Lord, and the Lord favored him. One who is favored by the Lord is freed 
from material bondage, as stated in the Bhagavad-gita (4.9): tyaktva 
deham punar janma naiti mam eti so 'rjuna.
 
Adi 16.108
 
TEXT 108
 
TEXT
 
bhagyavanta digvijayi saphala-jivana
vidya-bale paila mahaprabhura carana
SYNONYMS
 
bhagyavanta -- very fortunate; dig-vijayi -- the poetic champion; sa-
phala -- successful; jivana -- life; vidya-bale -- by the strength of 
learning; paila -- got; maha-prabhura -- of Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu;
 carana -- lotus feet.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The poetic champion was certainly most fortunate. His life was 
successful by dint of his vast learning and erudite scholarship, and 
thus he attained the shelter of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
 
PURPORT
 
Sri Narottama dasa Thakura has sung that the best qualification for 
taking shelter of the lotus feet of Lord Caitanya is to be the most 
fallen because the Lord came specifically to deliver the fallen souls. 
In this age there are very few scholars. Almost everyone is a fallen 
meat-eater, drunkard, woman-hunter or gambler. Such persons are never 
considered learned scholars, even if they pose as such. Because these so-
called scholars superficially see that Caitanya Mahaprabhu associates 
with the fallen souls, they think that He is meant for a lower class of 
men but that they do not need Him. Thus such scholars do not take to the 
Krsna consciousness movement. To be puffed up with false learning, 
therefore, is a disqualification for accepting the Krsna consciousness 
movement. But here is a special example, for although the poetic 
champion was a greatly learned scholar, the Lord also favored him 
because of his humble submission.
 
Adi 16.109
 
TEXT 109
 
TEXT
 
e-saba lila varniyachena vrndavana-dasa
ye kichu visesa ihan karila prakasa
SYNONYMS
 
e-saba -- all these; lila -- pastimes; varniyachena -- has described; 
vrndavana-dasa -- Vrndavana dasa Thakura; ye kichu -- whatever; visesa --
 specifics; ihan -- in this connection; karila -- I have made; prakasa --
 presentation.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Srila Vrndavana dasa Thakura has described all these incidents 
elaborately. I have only presented the specific incidents he has not 
described.
 
Adi 16.110
 
TEXT 110
 
TEXT
 
caitanya-gosanira lila -- amrtera dhara
sarvendriya trpta haya sravane yahara
SYNONYMS
 
caitanya-gosanira lila -- the pastimes of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; 
amrtera dhara -- drops of nectar; sarva-indriya -- all senses; trpta -- 
satisfied; haya -- become; sravane -- by hearing; yahara -- of them all.
 
TRANSLATION
 
The nectarean drops of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu's pastimes can satisfy 
the senses of everyone who hears them.
 
Adi 16.111
 
TEXT 111
 
TEXT
 
sri-rupa-raghunatha-pade yara asa
caitanya-caritamrta kahe krsnadasa
SYNONYMS
 
sri-rupa -- Srila Rupa Gosvami; raghunatha -- Srila Raghunatha dasa 
Gosvami; pade -- at the lotus feet; yara -- whose; asa -- expectation; 
Caitanya-caritamrta -- the book named Caitanya-caritamrta; kahe -- 
describes; krsnadasa -- Srila Krsnadasa Kaviraja Gosvami.
 
TRANSLATION
 
Praying at the lotus feet of Sri Rupa and Sri Raghunatha, always 
desiring their mercy, I, Krsnadasa, narrate Sri Caitanya-caritamrta, 
following in their footsteps.
 
Thus end the Bhaktivedanta purports to Sri Caitanya-caritamrta, Adi-lila,
 Sixteenth Chapter, describing the pastimes of the Lord in His childhood 
and youth.
 